整合之道--Spring4整合Hibernate5

我就是我 2022-08-20 06:14 395阅读 0赞

# Spring与Hiberante整合 #

通过Hibernate的学习，我们知道，hibernate主要在hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件中  
接下来我们看一下hibernate的一个配置文件

## hibernate配置文件 ##

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
        <session-factory>
            
            <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
            
            <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate_test</property>
            
            <property name="connection.username">root</property>
            
            <property name="connection.password">cheng</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">1</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">5000</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">100</property>
            <property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property>
            <property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>
            <property name="hibernate.c3p0.validate">true</property>
            
            <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
            
            <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
            
            <property name="show_sql">true</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
            
            <property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>
            
            <mapping class="com.wechat.entity.po.User"/>
            <mapping class="com.wechat.entity.po.Person"/>
        </session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

## 配置文件的作用 ##

hibernate.cfg.xml文件的主要作用就是配置了一个session-factory

1.  在session-factory中主要通过property配置一些数据库的连接信息，我们知道，Spring通常会将这种数据库连接用dataSource来表示，这样一来，hibernate.cfg.xml文件中的所有跟数据库连接的都可以干掉了，直接用spring的dataSource，而dataSource也可以用c3p0、dbcp等。
2.  在session-factory中通过property除了配置一些数据库的连接信息之外，还有一些hibernate的配置，比如方言、自动创建表机制、格式化sql等，这些信息也需要配置起来。
3.  还有最关键的一个持久化类所在路径的配置

当不采用spring整合的时候，我们使用hibernate时主要是用hibernate从sessionFactory中去的session，然后用session来操作持久化对象，而sessionFactory来自于配置文件。像下面这样：

StandardServiceRegistry registry =  null;
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
        Session session = null;
        Transaction transaction = null;
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    
        @Before
        public void init() {
    
            registry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
                    .configure() // configures settings from hibernate.cfg.xml
                    .build();
            sessionFactory = new MetadataSources( registry ).buildMetadata().buildSessionFactory();
            session = sessionFactory.openSession();
            //开始事务
            transaction = session.getTransaction();
            transaction.begin();
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testSaveUser() {
            User user = new User();
            user.setUsername("张学友");
            user.setPassword("jacky");
            user.setRegistDate(sdf.format(new Date()));
            File file = new File("D:"+File.separator+"ubuntu.png");
            String fileName = file.getName();
            String prefix=fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1);
            System.out.println(prefix);
            InputStream input = null;
            try {
                input = new FileInputStream(file);
    
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
            Blob image = null;
            try {
                image = Hibernate.getLobCreator(session).createBlob(input,input.available());
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            user.setUserPic(image);
            session.save(user);
        }
    
        @After 
        public void destroy(){
            transaction.commit();
            session.close();
            sessionFactory.close();
            StandardServiceRegistryBuilder.destroy( registry );
        }

Spring对hibernate的整合就是将上述三点通过spring配置起来，而hibernate最关键的sessionFactroy就是spring的一个bean

这些理解了整合就简单了，

## SessionFactoryBean ##

spring的sessionFactroy像下面这样配置：

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" file-encoding="utf-8" ignore-unresolvable="true" />
    
        <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
            <property name="packagesToScan">
                <list>
                    
                    <value>com.wechat.entity.po</value>
                </list>
            </property>
            <property name="hibernateProperties">
                <props>
                    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</prop>
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>

通过bean的配置可以看出该bean就是hibernate的sessionFactroy  
因为它指向了org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean

在这个bean中主要配置了上面说的三点：

1.  数据源dataSource
2.  hibernate的配置，包括方言，输出sql等
3.  持久化类的位置，通过包进行扫描

下面给出数据源dataSource的配置

## dataSource ##

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClass="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:jdbcUrl="${jdbc.url}" p:user="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" p:testConnectionOnCheckout="${jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout}" p:testConnectionOnCheckin="${jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckin}" p:idleConnectionTestPeriod="${jdbc.c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}" p:initialPoolSize="${jdbc.c3p0.initialPoolSize}" p:minPoolSize="${jdbc.c3p0.minPoolSize}" p:maxPoolSize="${jdbc.c3p0.maxPoolSize}" p:maxIdleTime="${jdbc.c3p0.maxIdleTime}" />

还有数据库的连接信息

## jdbc.properties ##

#-----------------------------------------------------
    # 数据库配置
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    #服务器地址
    host=127.0.0.1
    jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://${host}:3306/hibernate_test
    jdbc.username=root
    jdbc.password=cheng
    
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    # 适用于c3p0的配置
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    # c3p0反空闲设置，防止8小时失效问题28800
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    #idleConnectionTestPeriod要小于MySQL的wait_timeout
    jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout=false
    jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckin=true
    jdbc.c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod=3600
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    # c3p0连接池配置
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    #initialPoolSize, minPoolSize, maxPoolSize define the number of Connections that will be pooled.
    #Please ensure that minPoolSize <= maxPoolSize.
    #Unreasonable values of initialPoolSize will be ignored, and minPoolSize will be used instead.
    jdbc.c3p0.initialPoolSize=10
    jdbc.c3p0.minPoolSize=10
    jdbc.c3p0.maxPoolSize=100
    #maxIdleTime defines how many seconds a Connection should be permitted to go unused before being culled from the pool.
    jdbc.c3p0.maxIdleTime=3600
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    # hibernate连接池配置
    #-----------------------------------------------------
    hibernate.connection.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql://${host}:3306/${dbName}
    hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
    hibernate.show_sql=true
    hibernate.format_sql=true
    hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

配置完这些还有spring强大的事务管理

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
        </bean>
    
        
        <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />
    
        
        
    
        
        
        <aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
            
            <aop:pointcut expression=" execution(* com.wechat.service..*(..))" id="serviceMethod" />
            
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" />
        </aop:config>
        
        <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
            
            <tx:attributes>
                <tx:method name="*" />
            </tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>

好了，这些配置好之后就可以使用在spring中配置的sessionFactroy了

UserDao

package com.wechat.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
    
    public interface UserDao { 
        // 得到所有用户
        public List<User> getAllUser();
    
        // 检测用户名是否存在
        public boolean isExists(String username);
    
    }

实现类

package com.wechat.dao.impl;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.hibernate.Query;
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import com.wechat.dao.UserDao;
    import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
    @Repository
    public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao { 
        //注入sessionFactory
        @Autowired
        private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        @Override
        public List<User> getAllUser() {
            List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
            String hsql="from User";
            Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
            Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);
            userList = query.list();
            return userList;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isExists(String username) {
            Query query = sessionFactory.openSession()
                    .createQuery("from User u where u.username = :username").setParameter("username", username);
            System.out.println(query.list().size());
            return query.list().size()>0?true:false;
        }
    
    }

UserService

package com.wechat.service.user;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
    
    public interface UserService { 
        public List<User> getAllUser();
        public boolean isExists(String username);
    
    }

实现类

package com.wechat.service.user.impl;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import com.wechat.dao.UserDao;
    import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
    import com.wechat.service.user.UserService;
    @Service
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { 
        @Autowired
        private UserDao userDao;
        @Override
        public List<User> getAllUser() {
            return userDao.getAllUser();
        }
        @Override
        @Cacheable(cacheNames="isExists", key="#username")
        public boolean isExists(String username) {
            return userDao.isExists(username);
        }
    
    }

因为事务管理是配置在service层，所以用service来测试

# 测试 #

package com.wechat.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
    import com.wechat.service.user.UserService;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring/spring-core.xml" })
    public class UserServiceTest { 
        @Autowired
        private UserService userService;
    
        @Test
        public void test() {
            List<User> userList = userService.getAllUser();
            for(User user:userList){
                System.out.println(user.getUsername());
            }
    
        }
    
    }

输入结果

Hibernate: 
        select
            user0_.userid as userid1_2_,
            user0_.password as password2_2_,
            user0_.registDate as registDa3_2_,
            user0_.userPic as userPic4_2_,
            user0_.username as username5_2_ 
        from
            user_info user0_
    程高伟
    张学友

数据库表

![这里写图片描述][20160204120500145]

好了Spring整合hibernate就写到这里。

项目地址

[https://github.com/peer44/testwechat][https_github.com_peer44_testwechat]

[20160204120500145]: /images/20220731/a2ec6348eaaa4d3cb1c971d1a7e7eda9.png
[https_github.com_peer44_testwechat]: https://github.com/peer44/testwechat