通过RTMP发送264流(文件或帧)

拼搏现实的明天。 2022-08-13 13:58 182阅读 0赞

H264视频通过RTMP发送  
       题外话，通过RTSP（Real Time Streaming Protocol）的方式来实现视频的直播，但RTSP方式的一个弊端是如果需要支持客户端通过网页来访问，就需要在在页面中嵌入一个ActiveX控件，而ActiveX一般都需要签名才能正常使用，否则用户在使用时还需要更改浏览器设置，并且ActiveX还只支持IE内核的浏览器，Chrome、FireFox需要IE插件才能运行，因此会特别影响用户体验。而RTMP(Real Time Messaging Protocol)很好的解决了这一个问题。由于RTMP是针对FLASH的流媒体协议，视频通过RTMP直播后，只需要在WEB上嵌入一个Web Player（如Jwplayer）即可观看，而且对平台也没什么限制，还可以方便的通过手机观看。

视频通过RTMP方式发布需要一个RTMP Server(常见的有FMS、Wowza Media Server， 开源的有CRtmpServer、Red5等)，原始视频只要按照RTMP协议发送给RTMP Server就可以RTMP视频流的发布了。为了便于视频的打包发布，封装了一个RTMPStream，目前只支持发送H264的视频文件。可以直接发送H264数据帧或H264文件，RTMPStream提供的接口如下。

class CRTMPStream 
 { 
 public: 
 CRTMPStream(void); 
 ~CRTMPStream(void); 
 public: 
 // 连接到RTMP Server 
 bool Connect(const char* url); 
 // 断开连接 
 void Close(); 
 // 发送MetaData 
 bool SendMetadata(LPRTMPMetadata lpMetaData); 
 // 发送H264数据帧 
 bool SendH264Packet(unsigned char *data,unsigned int size,bool bIsKeyFrame,unsigned int nTimeStamp); 
 // 发送H264文件 
 bool SendH264File(const char *pFileName); 
 //... 
 }

调用示例：

#include <stdio.h> 
 #include "RTMPStream\RTMPStream.h" 
 
 int main(int argc,char* argv[]) 
 { 
 CRTMPStream rtmpSender; 
 
 bool bRet = rtmpSender.Connect("rtmp://192.168.1.104/live/test"); 
 
 rtmpSender.SendH264File("E:\\video\\test.264"); 
 
 rtmpSender.Close(); 
 }

</pre> 通过JwPlayer播放效果如下： <img src="http://www.myexception.cn/img/2013/04/11/111410515.jpg" alt="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 579px; height: auto;" /> 最后附上RTMPStream完整的代码： <pre name="code" class="cpp" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px;"><pre name="code" class="cpp">/******************************************************************** 
 filename: RTMPStream.h
 created: 2013-04-3
 author: firehood 
 purpose: 发送H264视频到RTMP Server，使用libRtmp库
 *********************************************************************/ 
 #pragma once
 #include "rtmp.h"
 #include "rtmp_sys.h"
 #include "amf.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #define FILEBUFSIZE (1024 * 1024 * 10) // 10M
 
 // NALU单元
 typedef struct _NaluUnit
 {
 	int type;
 	int size;
 	unsigned char *data;
 }NaluUnit;
 
 typedef struct _RTMPMetadata
 {
 	// video, must be h264 type
 	unsigned int	nWidth;
 	unsigned int	nHeight;
 	unsigned int	nFrameRate;		// fps
 	unsigned int	nVideoDataRate;	// bps
 	unsigned int	nSpsLen;
 	unsigned char	Sps[1024];
 	unsigned int	nPpsLen;
 	unsigned char	Pps[1024];
 
 	// audio, must be aac type
 	bool	 bHasAudio;
 	unsigned int	nAudioSampleRate;
 	unsigned int	nAudioSampleSize;
 	unsigned int	nAudioChannels;
 	char		 pAudioSpecCfg;
 	unsigned int	nAudioSpecCfgLen;
 
 } RTMPMetadata,*LPRTMPMetadata;
 
 
 class CRTMPStream
 {
 public:
 	CRTMPStream(void);
 	~CRTMPStream(void);
 public:
 	// 连接到RTMP Server
 	bool Connect(const char* url);
 // 断开连接
 	void Close();
 // 发送MetaData
 	bool SendMetadata(LPRTMPMetadata lpMetaData);
 // 发送H264数据帧
 	bool SendH264Packet(unsigned char *data,unsigned int size,bool bIsKeyFrame,unsigned int nTimeStamp);
 	// 发送H264文件
 	bool SendH264File(const char *pFileName);
 private:
 	// 送缓存中读取一个NALU包
 	bool ReadOneNaluFromBuf(NaluUnit &nalu);
 	// 发送数据
 	int SendPacket(unsigned int nPacketType,unsigned char *data,unsigned int size,unsigned int nTimestamp);
 private:
 	RTMP* m_pRtmp;
 	unsigned char* m_pFileBuf;
 	unsigned int m_nFileBufSize;
 	unsigned int m_nCurPos;
 };

<pre name="code" class="cpp">/******************************************************************** 
 filename: RTMPStream.cpp
 created: 2013-04-3
 author: firehood 
 purpose: 发送H264视频到RTMP Server，使用libRtmp库
 *********************************************************************/ 
 #include "RTMPStream.h"
 #include "SpsDecode.h"
 #ifdef WIN32 
 #include <windows.h>
 #endif
 
 enum
 {
 	FLV_CODECID_H264 = 7,
 };
 
 int InitSockets() 
 { 
 #ifdef WIN32 
 	WORD version; 
 	WSADATA wsaData; 
 	version = MAKEWORD(1, 1); 
 	return (WSAStartup(version, &wsaData) == 0); 
 #else 
 	return TRUE; 
 #endif 
 } 
 
 inline void CleanupSockets() 
 { 
 #ifdef WIN32 
 	WSACleanup(); 
 #endif 
 } 
 
 char * put_byte( char *output, uint8_t nVal ) 
 { 
 	output[0] = nVal; 
 	return output+1; 
 } 
 char * put_be16(char *output, uint16_t nVal ) 
 { 
 	output[1] = nVal & 0xff; 
 	output[0] = nVal >> 8; 
 	return output+2; 
 } 
 char * put_be24(char *output,uint32_t nVal ) 
 { 
 	output[2] = nVal & 0xff; 
 	output[1] = nVal >> 8; 
 	output[0] = nVal >> 16; 
 	return output+3; 
 } 
 char * put_be32(char *output, uint32_t nVal ) 
 { 
 	output[3] = nVal & 0xff; 
 	output[2] = nVal >> 8; 
 	output[1] = nVal >> 16; 
 	output[0] = nVal >> 24; 
 	return output+4; 
 } 
 char * put_be64( char *output, uint64_t nVal ) 
 { 
 	output=put_be32( output, nVal >> 32 ); 
 	output=put_be32( output, nVal ); 
 	return output; 
 } 
 char * put_amf_string( char *c, const char *str ) 
 { 
 	uint16_t len = strlen( str ); 
 	c=put_be16( c, len ); 
 	memcpy(c,str,len); 
 	return c+len; 
 } 
 char * put_amf_double( char *c, double d ) 
 { 
 	*c++ = AMF_NUMBER; /* type: Number */ 
 	{ 
 		unsigned char *ci, *co; 
 		ci = (unsigned char *)&d; 
 		co = (unsigned char *)c; 
 		co[0] = ci[7]; 
 		co[1] = ci[6]; 
 		co[2] = ci[5]; 
 		co[3] = ci[4]; 
 		co[4] = ci[3]; 
 		co[5] = ci[2]; 
 		co[6] = ci[1]; 
 		co[7] = ci[0]; 
 	} 
 	return c+8; 
 }
 
 CRTMPStream::CRTMPStream(void):
 m_pRtmp(NULL),
 m_nFileBufSize(0),
 m_nCurPos(0)
 {
 	m_pFileBuf = new unsigned char[FILEBUFSIZE];
 	memset(m_pFileBuf,0,FILEBUFSIZE);
 	InitSockets();
 	m_pRtmp = RTMP_Alloc(); 
 	RTMP_Init(m_pRtmp); 
 }
 
 CRTMPStream::~CRTMPStream(void)
 {
 	Close();
 	WSACleanup(); 
 	delete[] m_pFileBuf;
 }
 
 bool CRTMPStream::Connect(const char* url)
 {
 	if(RTMP_SetupURL(m_pRtmp, (char*)url)<0)
 	{
 		return FALSE;
 	}
 	RTMP_EnableWrite(m_pRtmp);
 	if(RTMP_Connect(m_pRtmp, NULL)<0)
 	{
 		return FALSE;
 	}
 	if(RTMP_ConnectStream(m_pRtmp,0)<0)
 	{
 		return FALSE;
 	}
 	return TRUE;
 }
 
 void CRTMPStream::Close()
 {
 	if(m_pRtmp)
 	{
 		RTMP_Close(m_pRtmp);
 		RTMP_Free(m_pRtmp);
 		m_pRtmp = NULL;
 	}
 }
 
 int CRTMPStream::SendPacket(unsigned int nPacketType,unsigned char *data,unsigned int size,unsigned int nTimestamp)
 {
 	if(m_pRtmp == NULL)
 	{
 		return FALSE;
 	}
 
 	RTMPPacket packet;
 	RTMPPacket_Reset(&packet);
 	RTMPPacket_Alloc(&packet,size);
 
 	packet.m_packetType = nPacketType;
 	packet.m_nChannel = 0x04; 
 	packet.m_headerType = RTMP_PACKET_SIZE_LARGE; 
 	packet.m_nTimeStamp = nTimestamp; 
 	packet.m_nInfoField2 = m_pRtmp->m_stream_id;
 	packet.m_nBodySize = size;
 	memcpy(packet.m_body,data,size);
 
 	int nRet = RTMP_SendPacket(m_pRtmp,&packet,0);
 
 	RTMPPacket_Free(&packet);
 
 	return nRet;
 }
 
 bool CRTMPStream::SendMetadata(LPRTMPMetadata lpMetaData)
 {
 	if(lpMetaData == NULL)
 	{
 		return false;
 	}
 	char body[1024] = {0};;
 
 char * p = (char *)body; 
 	p = put_byte(p, AMF_STRING );
 	p = put_amf_string(p , "@setDataFrame" );
 
 	p = put_byte( p, AMF_STRING );
 	p = put_amf_string( p, "onMetaData" );
 
 	p = put_byte(p, AMF_OBJECT ); 
 	p = put_amf_string( p, "copyright" ); 
 	p = put_byte(p, AMF_STRING ); 
 	p = put_amf_string( p, "firehood" ); 
 
 	p =put_amf_string( p, "width");
 	p =put_amf_double( p, lpMetaData->nWidth);
 
 	p =put_amf_string( p, "height");
 	p =put_amf_double( p, lpMetaData->nHeight);
 
 	p =put_amf_string( p, "framerate" );
 	p =put_amf_double( p, lpMetaData->nFrameRate); 
 
 	p =put_amf_string( p, "videocodecid" );
 	p =put_amf_double( p, FLV_CODECID_H264 );
 
 	p =put_amf_string( p, "" );
 	p =put_byte( p, AMF_OBJECT_END );
 
 	int index = p-body;
 
 	SendPacket(RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_INFO,(unsigned char*)body,p-body,0);
 
 	int i = 0;
 	body[i++] = 0x17; // 1:keyframe 7:AVC
 	body[i++] = 0x00; // AVC sequence header
 
 	body[i++] = 0x00;
 	body[i++] = 0x00;
 	body[i++] = 0x00; // fill in 0;
 
 	// AVCDecoderConfigurationRecord.
 	body[i++] = 0x01; // configurationVersion
 	body[i++] = lpMetaData->Sps[1]; // AVCProfileIndication
 	body[i++] = lpMetaData->Sps[2]; // profile_compatibility
 	body[i++] = lpMetaData->Sps[3]; // AVCLevelIndication 
 body[i++] = 0xff; // lengthSizeMinusOne 
 
 // sps nums
 	body[i++] = 0xE1; //&0x1f
 	// sps data length
 	body[i++] = lpMetaData->nSpsLen>>8;
 	body[i++] = lpMetaData->nSpsLen&0xff;
 	// sps data
 	memcpy(&body[i],lpMetaData->Sps,lpMetaData->nSpsLen);
 	i= i+lpMetaData->nSpsLen;
 
 	// pps nums
 	body[i++] = 0x01; //&0x1f
 	// pps data length 
 	body[i++] = lpMetaData->nPpsLen>>8;
 	body[i++] = lpMetaData->nPpsLen&0xff;
 	// sps data
 	memcpy(&body[i],lpMetaData->Pps,lpMetaData->nPpsLen);
 	i= i+lpMetaData->nPpsLen;
 
 	return SendPacket(RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_VIDEO,(unsigned char*)body,i,0);
 
 }
 
 bool CRTMPStream::SendH264Packet(unsigned char *data,unsigned int size,bool bIsKeyFrame,unsigned int nTimeStamp)
 {
 	if(data == NULL && size<11)
 	{
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	unsigned char *body = new unsigned char[size+9];
 
 	int i = 0;
 	if(bIsKeyFrame)
 	{
 		body[i++] = 0x17;// 1:Iframe 7:AVC
 	}
 	else
 	{
 		body[i++] = 0x27;// 2:Pframe 7:AVC
 	}
 	body[i++] = 0x01;// AVC NALU
 	body[i++] = 0x00;
 	body[i++] = 0x00;
 	body[i++] = 0x00;
 
 	// NALU size
 	body[i++] = size>>24;
 	body[i++] = size>>16;
 	body[i++] = size>>8;
 	body[i++] = size&0xff;;
 
 	// NALU data
 	memcpy(&body[i],data,size);
 
 	bool bRet = SendPacket(RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_VIDEO,body,i+size,nTimeStamp);
 
 	delete[] body;
 
 	return bRet;
 }
 
 bool CRTMPStream::SendH264File(const char *pFileName)
 {
 	if(pFileName == NULL)
 	{
 		return FALSE;
 	}
 	FILE *fp = fopen(pFileName, "rb"); 
 	if(!fp) 
 	{ 
 		printf("ERROR:open file %s failed!",pFileName);
 	} 
 	fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
 	m_nFileBufSize = fread(m_pFileBuf, sizeof(unsigned char), FILEBUFSIZE, fp);
 	if(m_nFileBufSize >= FILEBUFSIZE)
 	{
 		printf("warning : File size is larger than BUFSIZE\n");
 	}
 	fclose(fp); 
 
 	RTMPMetadata metaData;
 	memset(&metaData,0,sizeof(RTMPMetadata));
 
 NaluUnit naluUnit;
 	// 读取SPS帧
 ReadOneNaluFromBuf(naluUnit);
 	metaData.nSpsLen = naluUnit.size;
 	memcpy(metaData.Sps,naluUnit.data,naluUnit.size);
 
 	// 读取PPS帧
 	ReadOneNaluFromBuf(naluUnit);
 	metaData.nPpsLen = naluUnit.size;
 	memcpy(metaData.Pps,naluUnit.data,naluUnit.size);
 
 	// 解码SPS,获取视频图像宽、高信息
 	int width = 0,height = 0;
 h264_decode_sps(metaData.Sps,metaData.nSpsLen,width,height);
 	metaData.nWidth = width;
 metaData.nHeight = height;
 	metaData.nFrameRate = 25;
 
 	// 发送MetaData
 SendMetadata(&metaData);
 
 	unsigned int tick = 0;
 	while(ReadOneNaluFromBuf(naluUnit))
 	{
 		bool bKeyframe = (naluUnit.type == 0x05) ? TRUE : FALSE;
 		// 发送H264数据帧
 		SendH264Packet(naluUnit.data,naluUnit.size,bKeyframe,tick);
 		msleep(40);
 		tick +=40;
 	}
 
 	return TRUE;
 }
 
 bool CRTMPStream::ReadOneNaluFromBuf(NaluUnit &nalu)
 {
 	int i = m_nCurPos;
 	while(i<m_nFileBufSize-4)
 	{
 		if(m_pFileBuf[i++] == 0x00 &&
 			m_pFileBuf[i++] == 0x00 &&
 			m_pFileBuf[i++] == 0x00 &&
 			m_pFileBuf[i++] == 0x01
 			)
 		{
 			int pos = i;
 			while (pos<m_nFileBufSize-4)
 			{
 				if(m_pFileBuf[pos++] == 0x00 &&
 					m_pFileBuf[pos++] == 0x00 &&
 					m_pFileBuf[pos++] == 0x00 &&
 					m_pFileBuf[pos++] == 0x01
 					)
 				{
 					break;
 				}
 			}
 			nalu.type = m_pFileBuf[i]&0x1f;
 			nalu.size = (pos-4)-i;
 			nalu.data = &m_pFileBuf[i];
 
 			m_nCurPos = pos-4;
 			return TRUE;
 		}
 	}
 	return FALSE;
 }