企业生产场景如何对Linux进行分区

迈不过友情╰ 2022-08-13 07:00 182阅读 0赞

前言：  
我们买房子时，会考虑1室1厅，2室1厅，或3室2厅......！那么具体如何选，是要看  
手中的money和家庭的人口数量。  
同理，服务器操作系统在分区时也是如此，到底分3个区，4个区，要不要分/home/ /var，这也要看我们的业务需求，和运维规范或者说运维领导的喜好。  
分多了，分少了，在不同的业务场景都可能会有一些麻烦问题（LVM可以解决这个问题，不过有他的弊端，或者说，某些场景是画蛇添足）。

在阐述这个问题之前我们先来简单说下基础分区/boot分区、swap分区和/(根)分区的作用。

█ **[Linux][]**的/boot分区、swap分区和/(根)分区的作用：  
/boot 引导分区，存放引导文件和Linux内核等。  
启动文件：用于判断你需要启动哪个操作系统或启动哪个内核。  
内核：简单的讲，程序与硬件间的桥梁，你使用应用程序通过内核控制整个计算机。  
分区时一般设定：100-200M，正式环境下，linux引导文件及内核全部大小小于100M。  
  
  
/ 根分区，作为整个文件系统的根目录，硬盘不论分几个区。所有的文件  
都会在根目录下。在windows里，我们把硬盘分为c： d: e: 等，然后  
分别存放系统、程序、游戏、歌曲等。  
而在linux下不一样了：不论你分几个区，你都要在给他们单独起个名字，  
然后分别用 /data，/music，/study这样名字的目录来把分的分区挂载  
到各自的目录上提供访问，和目录完全一样的待遇。  
在linux下，硬盘看起来就像一个分区一样。这个分区的根目录，就是/ 。  
分区时一般设定：分完上面两个区后，剩下的都给根分区即可。  
在生产场景大规模（200台以上服务器）网站运维中，普通服务器的分区，分上面三个区是不

错的选择。

█ 采用/boot分区、swap分区和/(根)分区的方案优缺点:  
优点：  
简单，使用方便，可批量安装部署使用，而且不会因为分多个分区，有的分区满了，  
有的分区剩余很多空间又不能被利用的情况（LVM的情况这里先不阐述）。  
（其实也是可以使用的，可以fdisk删除重建分区，然后进行扩展，不过过程就复杂了，  
有兴趣的朋友可以单独交流）。  
缺点：  
如果系统坏了，重新装系统时，因为数据都在/（根分区），而导致重装系统时数据备份麻烦了，  
如果是加分了/usr,/home ,/var等分区，那么系统坏了。

可以直接在/（根分区）装系统，而不会破坏其它分区的数据。当然，我刚才也说了，如果是集群的节点， 不存在需要备份数据的情况下，本文的分区方案优点非常明显，不需要担心某个分区暴满而其它分区不能使用的问题。

█ 生产环境中安装linux系统时如何进行分区？  
下面是我对本文主题的答案，供大家参考使用。仅代表老男孩的个人观点。  
有很多学生及朋友会在这里纠结，到底产环境中安装linux系统时如何进行分区？  
比如，以上/boot分区、swap分区和/(根)分区是基本的，另外，要不要分/home /var等，甚至要不要把数据单独分区。  
其实，这个问题没有固定的答案。那么不给大家答案你们还不甘心，所以呢，我就再详细说下吧。

提示：以上的分区方式，是可以建立在raid基础上的。有关生产场景不同角色的服务器如何选择raid的问题，我们下次在谈。

█ 附带：其它常用分区目录介绍  
/home 普通用户的家目录默认存放目录；  
/usr 这个是系统存放程序的目录，比如命令、帮助文件等。这个目录下有很多的文件和目录。当我们安装一个Linux发行版官方提供的软件包时，大多安装在这里。如果有涉及服务器配置文件的，会把配置文件安装在/etc目录中。/usr目录下包括涉及字体目录/usr/share/fonts ，帮助目录 /usr/share/man或/usr/share/doc，普通用户可执行文件目录/usr/bin 或/usr/local/bin 或/usr/X11R6/bin ，比如 /usr/sbin 或/usr/X11R6/sbin 或/usr/local/sbin 等；还有程序的头文件存放目录/usr/include。

/var 这个目录的内容是经常变动的，看名字就知道，我们可以理解为vary的缩写，/var下有/var/log 这是用来存放系统日志的目录。/var/www目录是定义Apache服务器站点存放目录；/var/lib 用来存放一些库文件，比如MySQL的，以及MySQL数据库的的存放地；

以下是老鸟对生产场景的分区建议：

<table style="padding:0px; margin:0px auto 10px; font-size:12px; border-collapse:collapse; color:rgb(44,44,44); font-family:宋体,'Arial Narrow',arial,serif; border:medium none"> 
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  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px; height:22.3pt"> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border:1pt solid windowtext; width:86.4pt; height:22.3pt; background:rgb(224,224,224)"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">服务器角色</span> 
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     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">分区建议</span> 
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    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">优点</span> 
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      &nbsp; 
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    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">RAID</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">方案</span> 
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    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">单机服务器</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">如8G内存，300G硬盘</span> 
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    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px">
      &nbsp; 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px">
      &nbsp; 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:189pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/boot 100-200M</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">swap&nbsp;16G</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">，内存大小8G*2</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/&nbsp;80G</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/var 20G</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">（也可不分）</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/data 180G</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">（存放web及db数据）</span> 
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    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px">
      &nbsp; 
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   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:81pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">数据盘和系统盘分开，有利于出问题时维护。</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:69.7pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">视数据及性能要求，一般可采用raid5折中。</span> 
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  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px; height:61.3pt"> 
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    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">负载均衡器（如LVS等）</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:189pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/boot 100-200M</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">swap&nbsp;</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">内存的1-2倍</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/&nbsp;</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:81pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">简单方便，只做转发数据量很少。</span> 
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   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:69.7pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">数据量小，重要性高，可采用RAID1</span> 
    </div> </td> 
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  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px; height:61.3pt"> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-left-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-left-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext; width:86.4pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">负载均衡下的RS server</span> 
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   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:189pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/boot 100-200M</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">swap&nbsp;</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">内存的1-2倍</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/&nbsp;</span> 
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   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:81pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">简单方便，因为有多机，对数据要求低。</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:69.7pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">数据量大，重要性不高，有性能要求，数据要求低，可采用RAID0</span> 
    </div> </td> 
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  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px; height:61.3pt"> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-left-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-left-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext; width:86.4pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">数据库服务器</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">mysql</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">及oracle</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">如16/32G内存</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px">
      &nbsp; 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px">
      &nbsp; 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:189pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/boot 100-200M</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">swap&nbsp;16G</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">，内存的1倍</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/&nbsp;100G</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/data&nbsp;</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">剩余（存放db数据）</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:81pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">数据盘和系统盘分开，有利于出问题时维护,及保持数据完整。</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:69.7pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">视数据及性能要求主库可采取raid10/raid5，从库可采用raid0提高性能（读写分离的情况下。）</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px; height:61.3pt"> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-left-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-left-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext; width:86.4pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">存储服务器</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:189pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/boot 100-200M</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">swap&nbsp;</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">内存的1-2倍</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/&nbsp;100G</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/data(</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">存放数据)</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:81pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">此服务器不要分区太多。只做备份，性能要求低。容量要大。</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:69.7pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">可采取sata盘，raid5</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px; height:61.3pt"> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-left-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-left-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext; width:86.4pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">共享存储服务器（如NFS）</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:189pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/boot 100-200M</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">swap&nbsp;</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">内存的1-2倍</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/&nbsp;100G</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/data(</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">存放数据)</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:81pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">此服务器不要分区太多。NFS共享比存储多的要求就是性能要求。</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:69.7pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">视性能及访问要求可以raid5,raid10,甚至raid0（要有高可用或双写方案）</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px; height:61.3pt"> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-left-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-left-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext; width:86.4pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">监控服务器</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">cacti,nagios</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:189pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/boot 100-200M</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">swap&nbsp;</span> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">内存的1-2倍</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">/&nbsp;</span> 
    </div> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px">
      &nbsp; 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:81pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">重要性一般，数据要求也一般。</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:0pt 5.4pt; margin:0px; border-right-width:1pt; border-bottom-width:1pt; border-right-style:solid; border-bottom-style:solid; border-color:rgb(236,233,216) windowtext windowtext rgb(236,233,216); width:69.7pt; height:61.3pt; background:transparent"> 
    <div style="padding:0px; margin:0pt; line-height:18px"> 
     <span style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:12pt; line-height:24px; font-family:宋体">单盘或双盘raid1即可。三盘就RAID5，看容量要求加盘即可。</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

说明：现在的硬盘已很便宜，硬盘空间也比以前大很多，因此，再细致的去分区的必要性就不大了。简单、易用、方便批量管理（如监控）是基本原则。

转载自：“[老男孩linux运维][linux]”  [http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com/2561410/634725][http_oldboy.blog.51cto.com_2561410_634725]

[Linux]: http://blog.csdn.net/shanzhizi/article/category/781010
[linux]: http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com/
[http_oldboy.blog.51cto.com_2561410_634725]: http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com/2561410/634725