创建本地菜单

缺乏、安全感 2022-08-12 08:29 123阅读 0赞

**创建本地菜单**

要创建一个菜单，先构造一个NativeMenu对象作为根菜单：

var root:NativeMenu = new NativeMenu();

作为窗体或应用程序的根菜单，所有的菜单项必须为子菜单（上下文菜单的根菜单可包含所有三种类型的菜单项），AIR提供了两种方法创建子菜单。你可以通过菜单的addSubmenu()方法添加菜单项：

var editMenu:NativeMenuItem = root.addSubmenu(new NativeMenu(), "Edit");

你也可以创建菜单项然后再赋值给子菜单：

var editMenu:NativeMenuItem = root.addItem("Edit");

editMenu.submenu = new NativeMenu();

菜单创建好后，再赋值给应用程序，窗体或上下文菜单：

**设置应用程序菜单：**

Shell.shell.menu = root;

**设置窗体菜单：**

nativeWindowObject.menu = root;

**设置上下文菜单：**

interactiveObject.contextMenu = root;

**设置dock icon菜单**

DockIcon(Shell.shell.icon).menu = root;

**设置系统托盘菜单**

SystemTrayIcon(Shell.shell.icon).menu = root;

**定义菜单项，子菜单和分隔符**

一个菜单项可以是一个命令项，一个子菜单或一个分隔符。一个菜单项如果设置构造函数的isSeparator参数为true这变成一个分隔符。一个菜单项如果赋值给NativeMenu对象的submenu属性则变成一个子菜单（或使用addSubmenu() 方法），否则菜单项就是一个命令项，只有命令项可以发出select事件。

菜单中的菜单项顺序就是其加入的先后顺序，除非你自己修改了其索引值，如通过addItemAt()方法在指定位置加入菜单项。

**创建一个命令项：**

var copy:NativeMenuItem = new NativeMenuItem("Copy",false);

copy.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,onCopyCommand);

editMenu.addItem(copy);

**创建一个子菜单****：**

var editMenu:NativeMenuItem = new NativeMenuItem("Edit", false);

editMenu.submenu = new NativeMenu();

也可以使用菜单的addSubmenu()方法添加菜单项：

var editMenu:NativeMenuItem = root.addSubmenu(new NativeMenu(), "Edit");

**创建一个分隔符：**

var separatorA:NativeMenuItem = new NativeMenuItem("A", true);

editMenu.addItem(separatorA);

**创建一个上下文菜单**

在AIR，ContextMenu API 类继承自NativeMenu类。ContextMenu提供了一个事件属性，ContextMenuEvent.mouseTarget，其确定打开该菜单的对象。

上下文菜单（Context menus）可赋值给任何继承自InteractiveObject 类的Flash对象。通过设置对象的contextMenu属性进行赋值。

上下文菜单仍可以包含命令项及分隔符，在AIR上下文菜单中没有默认的菜单项。

下面的例子创建了一个简单的edit 菜单：

var editContextMenu:ContextMenu = new ContextMenu();

var item:NativeMenuItem;

item = editContextMenu.addItem(new ContextMenuItem("Cut"));

item.name="Cut";

editContextMenu.addItem(new ContextMenuItem("Copy"));

item.name="Copy";

editContextMenu.addItem(new ContextMenuItem("Paste"));

item.name="Paste";

editContextMenu.addEventListener(ContextMenuEvent.MENU\_ITEM\_SELECT, function(event:ContextMenuEvent):void\{

var command:NativeMenuItem = event.target as NativeMenuItem;

switch (command.name)\{

case "Cut" :

doCutCommand(event.mouseTarget);

break;

case "Copy" :

doCopyCommand(event.mouseTarget);

break;

case "Paste" :

doPasteCommand(event.mouseTarget);

break;

\});

this.contextMenu = editContextMenu; //Where "this" is an InteractiveObject

**显示弹出式菜单**

通过调用菜单的display()方法可以随时在窗体的任意位置显示弹出式菜单。

下面的方法显示一个定义弹出式对象的菜单：

private function onMouseClick(event:MouseEvent):void\{

popupMenu.display(event.target.stage, event.stageX, event.stageY);

注意：实际上没有必要在事件处理函数中显示菜单，任何方法都可以调用display()方法。

**处理菜单事件**

当一个菜单项被点击时，事件就会被触发，AIR程序会对此作出反应。

下面的代码输出被激活的菜单名称：

var submenu:NativeMenu = new NativeMenu();

var red:NativeMenuItem = new NativeMenuItem("Red");

red.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,announceSelection)

var green:NativeMenuItem = new NativeMenuItem("Green");

green.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,announceSelection)

var blue:NativeMenuItem = new NativeMenuItem("Blue");

blue.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,announceSelection)

var menuItem:NativeMenuItem = new NativeMenuItem("Change Color");

submenu.addItem(red);

submenu.addItem(green);

submenu.addItem(blue);

menuItem.submenu = submenu;

Shell.shell.menu.addItem(menuItem);

function announceSelection(e:Event):void \{

var menuItem:NativeMenuItem = e.target as NativeMenuItem;

trace(menuItem.label + " has been selected")

**声明式定义菜单**

输入菜单和菜单项的属性是一件很枯燥的事情，不过菜单是一个有规律的层级结构，可以使用XML格式定义直接写在函数里。

下面的类继承自NativeMenu，在构造函数里传入XML对象，像这样：

![None.gif][] package   
![None.gif][]  
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedBlock.gif][] ... \{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.display.NativeMenu;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.display.NativeMenuItem;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.events.Event;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]publicclass DeclarativeMenu extends NativeMenu  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]public function DeclarativeMenu(XMLMenuDefinition:XML):void...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]super();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] addChildrenToMenu(this, XMLMenuDefinition.children());  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]private function addChildrenToMenu(menu:NativeMenu,  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][] children:XMLList):NativeMenuItem...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var menuItem:NativeMenuItem;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var submenu:NativeMenu;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]for each (var child:XML in children)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(String(child.@label).length >0)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem =new NativeMenuItem(child.@label);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem.name = child.name();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][] \}else...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem =new NativeMenuItem(child.name());  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem.name = child.name();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menu.addItem(menuItem);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(child.children().length() >0)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem.submenu =new NativeMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] addChildrenToMenu(menuItem.submenu,child.children());  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]return menuItem;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}//End class   
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif][]\} // End package

要使用这个类创建菜单，只需要传入一个XML格式的菜单定义即可：

var menuDefinition:String =

"<root>" +

"<FileMenu label='File'>" +

"<NewMenu label='New'>" +

"<NewTextFile label='Text file'/>" +

"<NewFolder label='Folder'/>" +

"<NewProject label='Project'/>" +

"</NewMenu>" +

"<OpenCommand label='Open'/>" +

"<SaveCommand label='Save'/>" +

"</FileMenu>" +

"<EditMenu label='Edit'/>" +

"<CutCommand label='Cut'/>" +

"<CopyCommand label='Copy'/>" +

"<PasteCommand label='Paste'/>" +

"<EditMenu/>" +

"<FoodItems label='Food Items'>" +

"<Jellyfish/>" +

"<Tripe/>" +

"<Gizzard/>" +

"</FoodItems>" +

"</root>";

var test:DeclarativeMenu = new DeclarativeMenu(new XML(menuDefinition));

要监听菜单事件，你可以直接监听根菜单即可，通过event.target.name属性判定哪个命令项被触发，你也可以根据菜单名称搜索菜单项并添加独立的事件监听器。

**例子：窗体和应用程序菜单**

下面的例子使用菜单结构创建菜单，该例子也演示了事件处理过程：

![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][] ![ContractedBlock.gif][] package  ... \{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.display.NativeMenu;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.display.NativeMenuItem;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.display.NativeWindow;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.display.Sprite;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.events.Event;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.filesystem.File;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]import flash.system.Shell;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]publicclass MenuExample extends Sprite  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]private var recentDocuments:Array =new Array(new File("c:/GreatGatsby.pdf"),  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]new File("c:/WarAndPeace.pdf"),  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]new File("c:/Iliad.pdf"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]public function MenuExample()  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var fileMenu:NativeMenuItem;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var editMenu:NativeMenuItem;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(NativeWindow.supportsMenu)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] stage.nativeWindow.menu =new NativeMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] stage.nativeWindow.menu.addEventListener(Event.SELECT, selectCommandMenu);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] fileMenu = stage.nativeWindow.menu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("File"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] fileMenu.submenu = createFileMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu = stage.nativeWindow.menu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("Edit"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu.submenu = createEditMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(Shell.supportsMenu)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] Shell.shell.menu.addEventListener(Event.SELECT, selectCommandMenu);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] fileMenu = Shell.shell.menu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("File"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] fileMenu.submenu = createFileMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu = Shell.shell.menu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("Edit"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu.submenu = createEditMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]public function createFileMenu():NativeMenu...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var fileMenu:NativeMenu =new NativeMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] fileMenu.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommandMenu);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var newCommand:NativeMenuItem = fileMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("New"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] newCommand.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommand);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var saveCommand:NativeMenuItem = fileMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("Save"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] saveCommand.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommand);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var openRecentMenu:NativeMenuItem =  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] fileMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("Open Recent"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] openRecentMenu.submenu =new NativeMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] openRecentMenu.submenu.addEventListener(Event.DISPLAYING,  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] updateRecentDocumentMenu);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] openRecentMenu.submenu.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommandMenu);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]return fileMenu;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]public function createEditMenu():NativeMenu...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var editMenu:NativeMenu =new NativeMenu();  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommandMenu);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var copyCommand:NativeMenuItem = editMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("Copy"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] copyCommand.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommand);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var pasteCommand:NativeMenuItem =  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("Paste"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] pasteCommand.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommand);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("",true));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var preferencesCommand:NativeMenuItem =  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] editMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem("Preferences"));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] preferencesCommand.addEventListener(Event.SELECT,selectCommand);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]return editMenu;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]private function updateRecentDocumentMenu(event:Event):void...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] trace("Updating recent document menu.");  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var docMenu:NativeMenu = NativeMenu(event.target);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]for each(var item:NativeMenuItem in docMenu.items)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] docMenu.removeItem(item);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]for each(var file:File in recentDocuments)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var menuItem:NativeMenuItem =  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] docMenu.addItem(new NativeMenuItem(file.name));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem.data = file;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem.addEventListener(Event.SELECT, selectRecentDocument);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]private function selectRecentDocument(event:Event):void...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] trace("Selected recent document: "\+ event.target.data.name);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]private function selectCommand(event:Event):void...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] trace("Selected command: "\+ event.target.label);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]private function selectCommandMenu(event:Event):void...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(event.currentTarget.parent)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] var menuItem:NativeMenuItem =  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] findItemForMenu(NativeMenu(event.currentTarget));  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(menuItem)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] trace("Select event for ""\+  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] event.target.label \+  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]"" command handled by menu: "\+  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] menuItem.label);  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][] \}else...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] trace("Select event for ""\+  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][] event.target.label \+  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]"" command handled by root menu.");  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]private function findItemForMenu(menu:NativeMenu):NativeMenuItem...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]for each(var item:NativeMenuItem in menu.parent.items)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(item)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif][]![ContractedSubBlock.gif][]if(item.submenu == menu)...\{  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]return item;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![InBlock.gif][]returnnull;  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif][] \}  
![InBlock.gif][]  
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif][]\}

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