Django URL传递参数的方法总结

比眉伴天荒 2022-08-10 13:41 186阅读 0赞

**1 无参数情况**

配置URL及其视图如下：

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   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px; text-align:right; color:gray; overflow:visible; background-color:rgb(221,238,255)"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">1
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</pre> </td> 
   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">(r<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">'^hello/$'</span>, hello)
 
<span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>def</strong></span> hello(request):
    <span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>return</strong></span> HttpResponse(<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">"Hello World"</span>)</pre> </td> 
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访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/hello，输出结果为“Hello World”

**2 传递一个参数**  
配置URL及其视图如下,URL中通过正则指定一个参数：

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   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px; text-align:right; color:gray; overflow:visible; background-color:rgb(221,238,255)"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">1
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</pre> </td> 
   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">(r<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">'^plist/(.+)/$'</span>, helloParam）
 
<span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>def</strong></span> helloParam(request，param1):
    <span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>return</strong></span> HttpResponse(<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">"The param is : "</span> + param1)</pre> </td> 
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访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/plist/china，输出结果为”The param is : china”

**3 传递多个参数**  
参照第二种情况，以传递两个参数为例，配置URL及其视图如下,URL中通过正则指定两个参数：

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   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px; text-align:right; color:gray; overflow:visible; background-color:rgb(221,238,255)"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">1
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</pre> </td> 
   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">(r<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">'^plist/p1(<span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><strong>\w</strong></span>+)p2(.+)/$'</span>, helloParams）
 
<span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>def</strong></span> helloParams(request，param1,param2):
    <span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>return</strong></span> HttpResponse(<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">"p1 = "</span> + param1 + <span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">"; p2 = "</span> + param2)</pre> </td> 
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访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/plist/p1chinap22012/  
输出为”p1 = china; p2 = 2012″

从这里可以看出，视图的参数是根据URL的正则式，按顺序匹配并自动赋值的。虽然这样可以实现任意多个参数的传递，但是却不够灵活，URL看起来很混乱，而且由于是正则匹配，有些情况下容易出错。

**4 通过传统的”?”传递参数**  
例如，http://127.0.0.1:8000/plist/?p1=china&p2=2012，url中‘?’之后表示传递的参数，这里传递了p1和p2两个参数。

通过这样的方式传递参数，就不会出现因为正则匹配错误而导致的问题了。在Django中，此类参数的解析是通过request.GET.get方法获取的。

配置URL及其视图如下：

<table style="font-size:undefined; font-weight:inherit; font-style:inherit; font-variant:inherit; border-collapse:collapse"> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px; text-align:right; color:gray; overflow:visible; background-color:rgb(221,238,255)"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">1
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</pre> </td> 
   <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:2px 4px"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; width:auto; float:none; clear:none; overflow:visible; font-size:14px; line-height:1.333">(r<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">'^plist/$'</span>, helloParams1）
 
<span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>def</strong></span> helloParams(request):
    p1 = request.GET.get(<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">'p1'</span>)
    p2 = request.GET.get(<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">'p2'</span>)
    <span style="color:rgb(255,119,0)"><strong>return</strong></span> HttpResponse(<span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">"p1 = "</span> + p1 + <span style="color:rgb(72,61,139)">"; p2 = "</span> + p2)</pre> </td> 
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输出结果为”p1 = china; p2 = 2012″

原文地址：http://www.icodelogic.com/?p=501