Java串口通信（代码+测试工具）

秒速五厘米 2022-08-09 00:57 467阅读 0赞

1.window7 64位操作系统的话  要使用java 64位的串口通信包：http://download.csdn.net/detail/likekobe2012/9149871

将里面的三个文件分别放到这里  <JAVA\_HOME>代表你的jdk安装目录，比如我的是C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Java\\jdk1.6.0\_31

Copy RXTXcomm.jar ---> <JAVA\_HOME>/jre/lib/ext  
Copy rxtxSerial.dll ---> <JAVA\_HOME>/jre/lib/i386/  
Copy rxtxParallel.dll ---> <JAVA\_HOME>/jre/lib/i386/

2.再把rxtxSerial.dll、rxtxParallel.dll复制到C:\\Windows\\System32文件夹下

3.开启MyEclipse新建项目，BuildPath导入RXTXcomm.jar

4.利用虚拟串口工具建立一个虚拟串口对，http://download.csdn.net/detail/likekobe2012/9149879，这里将COM2、COM5建立串口对

5.利用串口调试工具，开启两个，进行测试，com2、com5是可以通信的，http://download.csdn.net/detail/likekobe2012/9149929

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6.代码

package com;
    
    import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier;
    import gnu.io.PortInUseException;
    import gnu.io.SerialPort;
    import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent;
    import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener;
    
    import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
    import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.util.Enumeration;
    import java.util.TooManyListenersException;
    
    /**
     * 
     * 串口工具的调试
     * <功能详细描述>
     * 
     * @author  like
     * @version  [版本号, 2015-9-30]
     * @see  [相关类/方法]
     * @since  [产品/模块版本]
     */
    public class CommTest implements Runnable, SerialPortEventListener
    {
        private String m_sAppName = "串口测试工具Like";
        
        /**
         * 端口的等待时间
         */
        private int m_iWaitTime = 2000;
        
        /**
         * 线程时间
         */
        private int m_iThreadTime = 0;
        
        private CommPortIdentifier m_commPort;
        
        private SerialPort m_serialPort;
        
        private InputStream m_inputStream;
        
        private OutputStream m_outputStream;
        
        /**
         * 列出所有端口
         * <功能详细描述>
         * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员]
         */
        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        public void listPort()
        {
            CommPortIdentifier commPortIdentifier;
            Enumeration enumeration = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();
            System.out.println("现在列出所有PC端口：" + enumeration);
            
            while (enumeration.hasMoreElements())
            {
                commPortIdentifier = (CommPortIdentifier)enumeration.nextElement();
                if (commPortIdentifier.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL)
                {
                    System.out.println(commPortIdentifier.getName() + "," + commPortIdentifier.getCurrentOwner());
                }
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 根据端口名选中端口
         * <功能详细描述>
         * @param sPortName
         * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员]
         */
        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        public void selectPort(String sPortName)
        {
            m_commPort = null;
            CommPortIdentifier commPortIdentifier;
            Enumeration enumeration = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();
            
            while (enumeration.hasMoreElements())
            {
                commPortIdentifier = (CommPortIdentifier)enumeration.nextElement();
                
                if (commPortIdentifier.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL
                    && commPortIdentifier.getName().equals(sPortName))
                {
                    m_commPort = commPortIdentifier;
                    openPort();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 打开端口
         * <功能详细描述>
         * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员]
         */
        public void openPort()
        {
            if (m_commPort == null)
            {
                log(String.format("无法找到名字为'%1$s'的串口", m_commPort.getName()));
                
            }
            else
            {
                log("端口选择成功，当前端口：" + m_commPort.getName() + "，现在实例化 serialPort:");
                
                try
                {
                    m_serialPort = (SerialPort)m_commPort.open(m_sAppName, m_iWaitTime);
                    log("实例化 serialPort成功！");
                }
                catch (PortInUseException e)
                {
                    throw new RuntimeException(String.format("端口'%1$s'正在使用中!", m_commPort.getName()));
                }
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 检查端口是否正确连接 
         * <功能详细描述>
         * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员]
         */
        public void checkPort()
        {
            if (m_commPort == null)
            {
                throw new RuntimeException("没有选择端口，请使用 selectPort(string sPortName)方法选择端口");
            }
            if (m_serialPort == null)
            {
                throw new RuntimeException("serialPort对象为null");
                
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 向端口发送数据
         * <功能详细描述>
         * @param sMessage
         * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员]
         */
        public void write(String sMessage)
        {
            checkPort();
            try
            {
                m_outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(m_serialPort.getOutputStream());
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                throw new RuntimeException("获取端口的OutputStream出错" + e.getMessage());
            }
            
            try
            {
                m_outputStream.write(sMessage.getBytes());
                log("向端口发送信息成功：" + sMessage);
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                throw new RuntimeException("向端口发送信息时出错：" + e.getMessage());
            }
            finally
            {
                try
                {
                    m_outputStream.close();
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    
                }
                
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 开始监听从端口中接收的数据
         * <功能详细描述>
         * @param iTime
         * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员]
         */
        public void startRead(int iTime)
        {
            checkPort();
            try
            {
                m_inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(m_serialPort.getInputStream());
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                throw new RuntimeException("获取端口的InputStream出错：" + e.getMessage());
            }
            
            try
            {
                m_serialPort.addEventListener(this);
            }
            catch (TooManyListenersException e)
            {
                throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
            }
            
            m_serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);
            
            log(String.format("开始监听来自'%1$s'的数据----------", m_commPort.getName()));
            if (iTime > 0)
            {
                m_iThreadTime = iTime * 1000;
                Thread thread = new Thread(this);
                thread.start();
                log(String.format("监听程序将在%1$d秒后关闭", m_iThreadTime));
            }
        }
        
        public void close()
        {
            m_serialPort.close();
            m_serialPort = null;
            m_commPort = null;
        }
        
        /**
         * 记录日志
         * <功能详细描述>
         * @param sMessage 日志信息
         * @see [类、类#方法、类#成员]
         */
        public void log(String sMessage)
        {
            System.out.println(m_sAppName + "-->" + sMessage);
        }
        
        @Override
        public void run()
        {
            try
            {
                Thread.sleep(m_iThreadTime);
                m_serialPort.close();
                log(String.format("端口'%1$s'监听关闭了！", m_commPort.getName()));
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        
        @Override
        public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent arg0)
        {
            switch (arg0.getEventType())
            {
                case SerialPortEvent.BI:/*Break interrupt,通讯中断*/
                case SerialPortEvent.OE:/*Overrun error，溢位错误*/
                case SerialPortEvent.FE:/*Framing error，传帧错误*/
                case SerialPortEvent.PE:/*Parity error，校验错误*/
                case SerialPortEvent.CD:/*Carrier detect，载波检测*/
                case SerialPortEvent.CTS:/*Clear to send，清除发送*/
                case SerialPortEvent.DSR:/*Data set ready，数据设备就绪*/
                case SerialPortEvent.RI:/*Ring indicator，响铃指示*/
                case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY:/*Output buffer is empty，输出缓冲区清空*/
                    break;
                case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE:/*Data available at the serial port，端口有可用数据。读到缓冲数组，输出到终端*/
                    byte[] readBuffer = new byte[1024];
                    String readStr = "";
                    String s2 = "";
                    
                    try
                    {
                        while (m_inputStream.available() > 0)
                        {
                            m_inputStream.read(readBuffer);
                            readStr += new String(readBuffer).trim();
                        }
                        
                        s2 = new String(readBuffer).trim();
                        
                        log("接收到端口返回数据(长度为" + readStr.length() + ")：" + readStr);
                        log(s2);
                    }
                    catch (IOException e)
                    {
                    }
            }
            
        }
        
    }

7.由于com2、com5是连接的，我们测试的时候，向com2写数据，串口调试助手com5里面是可以接收到数据的

package com;
    
    public class CommUseTest
    {
        public static void main(String[] args)
            throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
        {
            CommTest com = new CommTest();
            
            com.listPort();
            
            com.selectPort("COM2");
            com.write("Too young Too simple,sometimes naive!!!");
            com.startRead(10);
        }
        
    }

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8.利用java程序接收从串口调试助手发来的信息，串口调试助手利用com5发送数据

package com;
    
    public class CommUseTest
    {
        public static void main(String[] args)
            throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
        {
            CommTest com = new CommTest();
            
            com.listPort();
            
            com.selectPort("COM2");
            //com.write("Too young Too simple,sometimes naive!!!");
            com.startRead(100);
        }
        
    }

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[SouthEast]: /images/20220731/636508493e1e40bda5409dddcc706846.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220731/b647146c2464487da34d3e9598156964.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220731/0ca1404a9097455799ae987cfda19590.png