android-----ListView和GridView的用法

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2022-08-09 00:56 248阅读 0赞

ListView和GridView都是比较常用的控件，都是用来显示数据的。ListView主要用来显示列表型的数据（如播放列表），而GridView主要用来显示表格型的数据（如九宫格图）。

ListView和GridView的使用都需要用到Adapter，并且之间的用法也比较相似。

ListView的使用

activity\_main.xml布局文件：

item.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >
        
        <ImageView 
             android:id="@+id/imageView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="TextView" />
    
    </LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java文件：

package com.pegatron.listview;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.Menu;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.AdapterView;
    import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
    import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
    import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
    import android.widget.ListView;
    import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    	private ListView lv;
    	private ArrayAdapter<String>  adapter;
    	private SimpleAdapter sa;
    	private List<HashMap<String, String>> list;
    	private HashMap<String, String> map;
    	private String[] names;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            lv=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView1);
            /**
             * 配合arrayadapter的使用
             */
           /* names=new String[]{"mike1","liz1","sasa1","osean1","mike2","liz2","sasa2","osean2","mike3","liz3","sasa3","osean3"};
            adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, names);
            lv.setAdapter(adapter);*/
            
            list=new ArrayList<HashMap<String,String>>();
            for(int i=0;i<50;i++){
            	map=new HashMap<String, String>();
            	map.put("textView1", "hello"+i);
            	list.add(map);
            };
            
            /**
             * 配合simpleadapter的使用
             */
            /* sa=new SimpleAdapter(this, list, R.layout.item, new String[]{"textView1"}, new int[]{R.id.textView1});
            lv.setAdapter(sa);*/
            
            
            /**
             * 自定义的adapter
             */
            lv.setAdapter(new MyAdapter());
            lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
    
    			@Override
    			public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
    					int position, long id) {
    				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您选择了："+position, 1).show();
    				
    			}
            	
    		});
            
        }
    
        private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
    
    		@Override
    		public int getCount() {
    			if(list!=null){
    				return list.size();
    			}else{
    				return 0;
    			}
    			
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public Object getItem(int position) {
    			return list.get(position);
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public long getItemId(int position) {
    			return 0;
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    			HashMap<String, String> listItem=list.get(position);
    			View v=View.inflate(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.item, null);
    			TextView tv=(TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
    			tv.setText(listItem.get("textView1"));
    			return v;
    		}
        	
        }
    
        
        
    }

配合ArrayAdapter使用、配合SimpleAdapter使用、自定义的MyAdapter三种方式的运行效果图：

![Center][]![Center 1][]

![Center 2][]

GridView的使用：

布局文件：

items.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical" >
    
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="TextView" />
    
    </LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java文件：

package com.pega.gridview;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.zip.Inflater;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.Menu;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.AdapterView;
    import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
    import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
    import android.widget.GridView;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    	private GridView gv;
    	private MyAdapter ma;
    	private String[] picture=new String[]{
    			"picture1","picture2","picture3",
    			"picture4","picture5","picture6",
    			"picture7","picture8","picture9",
    			"picture10","picture11","picture12",
    			"picture13","picture14","picture15"};
    	private int[] images=new int[]{
    			R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
    			R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
    			R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
    			R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
    			R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher
    	};
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            gv=(GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView1);
            ma=new MyAdapter(picture,images,this);
            
            gv.setAdapter(ma);
            gv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
    
    			@Override
    			public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
    					int position, long id) {
    				// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
    				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "picture"+(position+1), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    			}
            	
    		});
        }
    
    
        class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
        	private List<Picture> lists;
    
        	public MyAdapter(){
        	}
    		public MyAdapter(String[] picture, int[] images,
    				MainActivity mainActivity) {
    			lists=new ArrayList<MainActivity.Picture>();
    			for(int i=0;i<images.length;i++){
    				Picture pic=new Picture(images[i],picture[i]);
    				lists.add(pic);
    				
    			}
    			
    		}
    		@Override
    		public int getCount() {
    			
    			return lists.size();
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public Object getItem(int position) {
    			// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
    			return lists.get(position);
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public long getItemId(int position) {
    			// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
    			return lists.get(position).getPid();
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    			if(convertView==null){
    				convertView=LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.items, null);
    				ImageView iv=(ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
    				TextView tv=(TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
    				iv.setImageResource(lists.get(position).getPid());
    				tv.setText(lists.get(position).getPdesc());
    				
    			}
    			return convertView;
    		}
        	
        }
        class Picture{
        	private int pid;
        	private String pdesc;
        	public Picture() {
    			
    		}
    		public Picture(int pid, String pdesc) {
    			super();
    			this.pid = pid;
    			this.pdesc = pdesc;
    		}
    		public int getPid() {
    			return pid;
    		}
    		public void setPid(int pid) {
    			this.pid = pid;
    		}
    		public String getPdesc() {
    			return pdesc;
    		}
    		public void setPdesc(String pdesc) {
    			this.pdesc = pdesc;
    		}
        	
        }
        
    }

这里只是用了自定义的Adapter，运行的效果图：

![Center 3][]

另外的两种Adapter的用法跟ListView的用法类似。

[Center]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150930135415886?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 1]: /images/20220731/57ab3d1d5b654abc90b90dd9100f7855.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220731/062595312de24337bb535c998301e29e.png
[Center 3]: /images/20220731/ba18582ea7854fc9b0c0d75585d3e7b6.png