【C++ Primer】【学习笔记】【第九章】顺序容器之：顺序容器的操作

柔情只为你懂 2022-08-07 03:57 134阅读 0赞

**一、容器定义的类型别名**

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px; background-color:inherit; width:598px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <strong><span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">容器定义的类型别名</span><br style="background-color:inherit"> </strong> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>说明</strong></span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      size_type 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      无符号整数 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      iterator 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      容器类型的迭代器类型 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      const_iterator 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      元素的只读迭代器类型 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      reverse_iterator 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      按逆序寻址元素的迭代器 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      const_reverse_iterator 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      元素的只读逆序迭代器类型 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:30px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      difference_type 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:30px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 有符号整数，用于存储两个迭代器的差值，可以是负数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:30px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      value_type 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:30px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      元素类型 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:30px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      reference 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:30px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      元素的左值类型，和value_type&amp;意思相同 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      const_reference 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      元素的常量左值类型，和const value_type&amp;意思相同 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**二、容器的begin和end成员**

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <strong>容器的<span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">begin和end操作</span></strong> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>说明</strong></span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> c.begin()</td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 返回迭代器，指向容器c的第一个元素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">c.end()</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">返回迭代器，指向容器c的最后一个元素的下一个位置</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">c.rbegin()</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">返回逆序迭代器，指向容器c的最后一个元素</span><br style="background-color:inherit"> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:171px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">c.rend()</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:385px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">返回逆序迭代器，指向容器c的第一个元素的前一个位置</span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**三、在顺序容器中添加元素**

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px; background-color:inherit; width:636px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:212px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <strong><span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">在顺序容器中添加元素的操作</span><br style="background-color:inherit"> </strong> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:382px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>说明</strong></span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:212px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.push_back(t) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:382px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      在容器c的尾部添加元素，元素值为t。返回void类型。 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:50px; background-color:inherit; width:212px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.push_front(t) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:50px; background-color:inherit; width:382px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">在容器c的前端添加元素，元素值为t。返回void类型。</span> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px"><span style="color:#ff0000; background-color:inherit">只适用于list和deque容器，vector容器没有此操作。</span></span> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:29px; background-color:inherit; width:212px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.insert(p, t) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:29px; background-color:inherit; width:382px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">在迭代器p所指向的元素前面插入值为t的元素。</span> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px"><span style="color:#ff0000; background-color:inherit">返回指向新添加元素的迭代器。</span></span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:212px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">c.insert(p, n, t)</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:382px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">在迭代器p所指向的元素前面插入n个值为t的元素。返回void类型。</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:212px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">c.insert(p, b, e)</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:382px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">在迭代器p所指向的元素前面插入由迭代器b和e标记范围内的元素。返回void类型。</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**四、容器的关系操作符**

**五、容器大小的操作**

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px; background-color:inherit; width:599px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:130px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>顺序容器的大小操作</strong></span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:427px"> <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>说明</strong></span></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:130px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.size() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:427px"> 返回容器c中的元素个数，返回类型为c::size_type</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:130px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.max_size() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:427px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">返回容器c可容纳的最多元素个数，返回类型为c::size_type</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:130px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.empty() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:427px"> 容器为空返回true，否则返回false</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:130px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.resize(n) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:427px"> 调整容器c的容量，使其能够容纳n个元素。如果n小于c.size()，则删除多出来的元素；否则，添加<span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">采用值初始化的</span>新元素。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:130px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">c.resize(n, t)</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:427px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">调整容器c的容量，使其能够容纳n个元素。如果n小于c.size()，则删除多出来的元素；否则，添加</span> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">采用值为t的</span> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">新元素。</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**六、访问容器中的元素**

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px; width:615px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>顺序容器元素的访问操作</strong></span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>说明</strong></span></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.back() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 返回容器c的最后一个元素的引用。如果容器为空，则该操作未定义。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.front() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">返回容器c的第一个元素的引用。如果容器为空，则该操作未定义。</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c(n) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">返回下标为n的元素的引用。如果n&lt;0或者n&gt;=c.size()，则该操作未定义，会产生run-time error。只适用于vector和deque容器。</span></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:66px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.at(n) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:66px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">返回下标为n的元素的引用。如果n&lt;0或者n&gt;=c.size()，则该操作未定义，会抛出out_of_range异常。只适用于vector和deque容器。</span></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**七、删除容器中的元素**

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>顺序容器元素的删除操作</strong></span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>说明</strong></span></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.erase(p) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 删除迭代器p所指向的元素；返回一个迭代器，指向被删除元素后面的元素。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.erase(b, e) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">删除迭代器b和e所标记范围内的所有元素；返回一个迭代器，指向被删除元素段后面的元素。</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.clear() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 删除容器c内的所有元素；返回void。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:66px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.pop_back() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:66px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">删除容器c的最后一个元素；返回void。如果c为空容器，则该函数未定义。</span></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:66px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.pop_front() 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:66px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">删除容器c的第一个元素；返回void。如果c为空容器，则该函数未定义。</span> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px"><span style="color:#ff0000; background-color:inherit">只适用于list或者deque容器。</span></span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**八、赋值与swap**

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>顺序容器的赋值操作</strong></span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> <span style="background-color:inherit"><strong>说明</strong></span></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c1 = c2 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 删除容器c1的所有元素，然后将c2的元素复制给c1。c1和c2的类型（容器类型和元素类型）必须相同。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c1.swap(c2) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:26px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      交换容器c1和c2的内容。 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      c.assign(b, e) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> 重新设置c的元素：将迭代器b和e标记的范围内的所有元素复制到c中。b和e必须不是指向c中元素的容器。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:31px; background-color:inherit; width:177px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">c.assign(n, t)</span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:31px; background-color:inherit; width:396px"> <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px">重新设置c的元素：n个值为t的元素。</span><br style="background-color:inherit"> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

【C++ Primer】【学习笔记】【第九章】顺序容器之：顺序容器的操作

发表评论取消回复

还没有评论，来说两句吧...

相关阅读