Android与服务器端数据交互（基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice）

小鱼儿 2022-08-05 02:21 170阅读 0赞

通过http协议，采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据。当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种。WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，

那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：

首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包

然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：

![2011041910424662.jpg][]

以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject 对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

//命名空间
        private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
        //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
        private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
    
    //实例化SoapObject对象
            SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
    
    复制代码

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):

//获得序列化的Envelope
            SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            envelope.bodyOut=request;
    
    第四步：注册Envelope,
    
    (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：

//请求URL
        private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
    //Android传输对象
            AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
            transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象):

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
                    return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
                }
    
    /**************
         * 解析XML
         * @param str
         * @return
         */
        private static List<String> parse(String str){
            String temp;
            List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
            if(str!=null && str.length()>0){
                int start=str.indexOf("string");
                int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");
                temp=str.substring(start, end-3);
                String []test=temp.split(";");
                
                 for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){
                     if(i==0){
                         temp=test[i].substring(7);
                     }else{
                         temp=test[i].substring(8);
                     }
                     int index=temp.indexOf(",");
                     list.add(temp.substring(0, index));
                 }
            }
            return list;
        }

这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧，这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的，我这里只提供获取城市列表：

//命名空间
        private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
        //请求URL
        private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
        //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
        private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
        //调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
        private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
        //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
        private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";

然后你可以在浏览器中输入地址（WSDL）：serviceURL,你会看到一些可供调用的方法：

![2011041911122138.jpg][]

我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后调用，你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 
    - <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
      <string>直辖市</string> 
      <string>特别行政区</string> 
      <string>黑龙江</string> 
      <string>吉林</string> 
      <string>辽宁</string> 
      <string>内蒙古</string> 
      <string>河北</string> 
      <string>河南</string> 
      <string>山东</string> 
      <string>山西</string> 
      <string>江苏</string> 
      <string>安徽</string> 
      <string>陕西</string> 
      <string>宁夏</string> 
      <string>甘肃</string> 
      <string>青海</string> 
      <string>湖北</string> 
      <string>湖南</string> 
      <string>浙江</string> 
      <string>江西</string> 
      <string>福建</string> 
      <string>贵州</string> 
      <string>四川</string> 
      <string>广东</string> 
      <string>广西</string> 
      <string>云南</string> 
      <string>海南</string> 
      <string>新疆</string> 
      <string>西藏</string> 
      <string>台湾</string> 
      <string>亚洲</string> 
      <string>欧洲</string> 
      <string>非洲</string> 
      <string>北美洲</string> 
      <string>南美洲</string> 
      <string>大洋洲</string> 
      </ArrayOfString>

我们可以用 listview来显示：

那么下面我将给出全部代码：

public class WebServiceHelper {
       
        //WSDL文档中的命名空间
        private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
        //WSDL文档中的URL
        private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
           
        //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
        private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
        //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)
        private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
        //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数
        private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
    
    
        /********
         * 获得州，国内外省份和城市信息
         * @return
         */
        public  List<String> getProvince(){
            List<String> provinces=new ArrayList<String>();
            String str="";
            SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);
            //request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
            
            SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            envelope.dotNet=true;
            envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
            
            
            AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
            //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
            try {
                
                httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope);
                SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
                //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
                //str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString();
                
                int count=result.getPropertyCount();
                for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
                    provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
                }
                
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } 
            return provinces;
        }
        
        /**********
         * 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合
         * @param province
         * @return
         */
        public  List<String> getCitys(String province){
            List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>();
            SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
            soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province);
            SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            envelope.dotNet=true;
            envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
            
            AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
            try {
                httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope);
                SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
                int count=result.getPropertyCount();
                for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
                    citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
                }
                
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } 
            return citys;
        }
        
        /***************************
         * 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息
         * @param city
         * @return
         ***************************/
        public  WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){
            
            WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();
    
            SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
            soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
            
            SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            envelope.dotNet=true;
            envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
            
            
            AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
            //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
            try {
                httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
                SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
                //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
                bean=parserWeather(result);
                 
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } 
            return bean;
        }
        
        /**
         * 解析返回的结果
         * @param soapObject
         */
        protected   WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
            WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();
            
            List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
            
            
            Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
            
            //城市名
            bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString());
            //城市简介
            bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString());
            //天气实况+建议
            bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString());
            
            //其他数据
            //日期，
            String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString();
            //---------------------------------------------------
            String weatherToday="今天：" + date.split(" ")[0];  
            weatherToday+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; 
            weatherToday+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString();
            weatherToday+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString();
            weatherToday+="\n";
            
            List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
        
            icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString()));      
            icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString()));
             
            map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday);
            map.put("icons",icons);
            list.add(map);
            
            
            
    
            //-------------------------------------------------
            map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); 
            date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString();
            String weatherTomorrow="明天：" + date.split(" ")[0];  
            weatherTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; 
            weatherTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString();
            weatherTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString();
            weatherTomorrow+="\n";
            
            icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
             
            icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString()));      
            icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString()));
            
            map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow);
            map.put("icons",icons);
            list.add(map);
            //--------------------------------------------------------------
            map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); 
            
            date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString();
            String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天：" + date.split(" ")[0];  
            weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; 
            weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString();
            weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString();
            weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n";
            
            icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
            icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString()));      
            icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString()));
            
            map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow);
            map.put("icons",icons);
            list.add(map); 
            //--------------------------------------------------------------
            
            bean.setList(list);
            return bean;
        }
        
         //解析图标字符串
         private int parseIcon(String data){
            // 0.gif，返回名称0,
             int resID=32;
             String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim();
              // String []icon=data.split(".");
              // String result=icon[0].trim();
              //   Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim());
              
               if(!result.equals("nothing")){
                   resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim());
               }
             return resID;
             //return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0]; 
         } 
    }
    
    复制代码
    
    以及帮助类：
    复制代码
    
    public class WebServiceUtil {
       
        //命名空间
        private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
        //请求URL
        private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
        //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
        private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
        //调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
        private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
        //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
        private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
         
        /*************
         * @return城市列表
         *************/
        public static List<String> getCityList(){
            //实例化SoapObject对象
            SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
            //获得序列化的Envelope
            SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            envelope.bodyOut=request;
            (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
            //Android传输对象
            AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
            transport.debug=true;
            
            //调用
            try {
                transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
                if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
                    return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
                }
                
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            
            
            return null;
        }
        
        
        public static List<String> getProviceList(){
            //实例化SoapObject对象
            SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince);
            //获得序列化的Envelope
            SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            envelope.bodyOut=request;
            (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
            //Android传输对象
            AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
            transport.debug=true;
            
            //调用
            try {
                transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
                if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
                    return null;
                }
                
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            
            
            return null;
        } 
        
        /*************
         * @param cityName
         * @return
         *************/
        public static String getWeather(String cityName){
         
            return "";
        }
        
        /**************
         * 解析XML
         * @param str
         * @return
         */
        private static List<String> parse(String str){
            String temp;
            List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
            if(str!=null && str.length()>0){
                int start=str.indexOf("string");
                int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");
                temp=str.substring(start, end-3);
                String []test=temp.split(";");
                
                 for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){
                     if(i==0){
                         temp=test[i].substring(7);
                     }else{
                         temp=test[i].substring(8);
                     }
                     int index=temp.indexOf(",");
                     list.add(temp.substring(0, index));
                 }
            }
            return list;
        }
        
         /*********
          * 获取天气
          * @param soapObject
          */
         private void parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
             //String date=soapObject.getProperty(6);
         } 
    }

以上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了，读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现，相信很快就搞明白了，运行结果如下：

![2011041911341420.jpg][]![2011041911343861.jpg][]![2011041911350194.jpg][]

![2011041911354626.jpg][]![2011041911360689.jpg][]

[2011041910424662.jpg]: /images/20220805/4f3e0127235546cfabf202a6b9684da3.png
[2011041911122138.jpg]: /images/20220805/a0a94877f83d4b3785e8c700719ed9b8.png
[2011041911341420.jpg]: http://pic002.cnblogs.com/images/2011/100754/2011041911341420.jpg
[2011041911343861.jpg]: http://pic002.cnblogs.com/images/2011/100754/2011041911343861.jpg
[2011041911350194.jpg]: /images/20220805/5f6179b595674df7a8bd8c7500012068.png
[2011041911354626.jpg]: http://pic002.cnblogs.com/images/2011/100754/2011041911354626.jpg
[2011041911360689.jpg]: /images/20220805/5426bb9366804413a21d2a341924087c.png