Keil5.15使用GCC编译器编译STM32工程

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2022-08-02 04:49 436阅读 0赞

我们使用Keil一般使用ARMCC编译MCU工程代码.其实,Keil也是支持内嵌GCC编译器的.我们可以使用GCC来编译我们的工程代码.

\#一、下载GCC编译器  
[GCC编译器下载地址][GCC]  
![GCC编译器官网][GCC 1]

\#二、安装GCC  
我们可以把GCC解压到keil的安装目录下面.如下图  
![这里写图片描述][format_png]

\#三、配置Keil使用GCC编译器  
![这里写图片描述][format_png 1]

\#\#1、配置CC编译规则,Misc Controls 填写

> \-mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections  
> ![这里写图片描述][format_png 2]

\#\#2、Assembler中规则,Misc Controls 填写

> \-mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb  
> ![这里写图片描述][format_png 3]

\#\#3、Linker中填写,Misc Controls 填写

> \-Wl,–gc-sections

\-Wl,–gc-sections 这个主要是要把没有调用的函数不编译到hex中  
![这里写图片描述][format_png 4]

注意:对于-mcpu=cortex-m4这个,如果你使用的是m3的芯片,则修改成-mcpu=cortex-m3

\#\#4、STM32F405NI\_FLASH.ld的代码参考

/*
    *****************************************************************************
    **
    **  File        : stm32_flash.ld
    **
    **  Abstract    : Linker script for STM32F407VG Device with
    **                1024KByte FLASH, 128KByte RAM
    **
    **                Set heap size, stack size and stack location according
    **                to application requirements.
    **
    **                Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.
    **
    **  Target      : STMicroelectronics STM32
    **
    **  Environment : Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R)
    **
    **  Distribution: The file is distributed 揳s is,?without any warranty
    **                of any kind.
    **
    **  (c)Copyright Atollic AB.
    **  You may use this file as-is or modify it according to the needs of your
    **  project. This file may only be built (assembled or compiled and linked)
    **  using the Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) product. The use of this file together
    **  with other tools than Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) is not permitted.
    **
    *****************************************************************************
    */
    
    /* Entry Point */
    ENTRY(Reset_Handler)
    
    /* Highest address of the user mode stack */
    _estack = 0x2001FFFF;    /* end of RAM */
    
    /* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */
    _Min_Heap_Size = 0x400;      /* required amount of heap  */
    _Min_Stack_Size = 0x800; /* required amount of stack */
    
    /* Specify the memory areas */
    MEMORY
    {
    FLASH (rx)      : ORIGIN = 0x8000000, LENGTH = 1024K
    RAM (xrw)      : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 128K
    CCMRAM (rw)      : ORIGIN = 0x10000000, LENGTH = 64K
    }
    
    /* Define output sections */
    SECTIONS
    {
      /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */
      .isr_vector :
      {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
        . = ALIGN(4);
      } >FLASH
    
      /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */
      .text :
      {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        *(.text)           /* .text sections (code) */
        *(.text*)          /* .text* sections (code) */
        *(.glue_7)         /* glue arm to thumb code */
        *(.glue_7t)        /* glue thumb to arm code */
        *(.eh_frame)
    
        KEEP (*(.init))
        KEEP (*(.fini))
    
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _etext = .;        /* define a global symbols at end of code */
      } >FLASH
    
      /* Constant data goes into FLASH */
      .rodata :
      {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        *(.rodata)         /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
        *(.rodata*)        /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
        . = ALIGN(4);
      } >FLASH
    
      .ARM.extab   : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH
      .ARM : {
        __exidx_start = .;
        *(.ARM.exidx*)
        __exidx_end = .;
      } >FLASH
    
      .preinit_array     :
      {
        PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
        KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
        PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
      } >FLASH
      .init_array :
      {
        PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
        KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
        KEEP (*(.init_array*))
        PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
      } >FLASH
      .fini_array :
      {
        PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
        KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
        KEEP (*(.fini_array*))
        PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
      } >FLASH
    
      /* used by the startup to initialize data */
      _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);
    
      /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */
      .data : 
      {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _sdata = .;        /* create a global symbol at data start */
        *(.data)           /* .data sections */
        *(.data*)          /* .data* sections */
    
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _edata = .;        /* define a global symbol at data end */
      } >RAM AT> FLASH
    
      _siccmram = LOADADDR(.ccmram);
    
      /* CCM-RAM section 
      * 
      * IMPORTANT NOTE! 
      * If initialized variables will be placed in this section, 
      * the startup code needs to be modified to copy the init-values.  
      */
      .ccmram :
      {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _sccmram = .;       /* create a global symbol at ccmram start */
        *(.ccmram)
        *(.ccmram*)
        
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _eccmram = .;       /* create a global symbol at ccmram end */
      } >CCMRAM AT> FLASH
    
      
      /* Uninitialized data section */
      . = ALIGN(4);
      .bss :
      {
        /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */
        _sbss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss start */
        __bss_start__ = _sbss;
        *(.bss)
        *(.bss*)
        *(COMMON)
    
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _ebss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss end */
        __bss_end__ = _ebss;
      } >RAM
    
      /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */
      ._user_heap_stack :
      {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        PROVIDE ( end = . );
        PROVIDE ( _end = . );
        . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
        . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
        . = ALIGN(4);
      } >RAM
    
      
    
      /* Remove information from the standard libraries */
      /DISCARD/ :
      {
        libc.a ( * )
        libm.a ( * )
        libgcc.a ( * )
      }
    
      .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
    }

从我粘贴的代码中,可以知道我是从STM32F407VG这个芯片的配置文件中拷贝过来的.

\#四、修改启动代码,使用GCC专用的.S文件  
由于GCC与ARMCC的汇编代码格式不相同,不信你可以用比较工具看一下支持GCC的.S与支持ARMCC的.S写法是否一样.  
那么我们需要重新写支持GCC的.S的启动代码吗?当然不需要,因为ST的已经为我们写好了.  
如,我使用的gcc路径

> D:\\Code\\project\\Library\\CMSIS\\Device\\ST\\STM32F4xx\\Source\\Templates\\gcc\_ride7

![这里写图片描述][format_png 5]

\#五、配置完毕，编译程序排除解决相关错误  
如果你使用到一些标准的C 库函数,如spirntf这些东西,或者你会报如下错误.

> C:/Keil\_v5/ARM/GCC/bin/…/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.4/…/…/…/…/arm-none-eabi/lib/armv7e-m\\libg.a(lib\_a-sbrkr.o): In function `_sbrk_r': sbrkr.c:(.text._sbrk_r+0xc): undefined reference to`\_sbrk’  
> collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

对与该问题的解决方法可以参考如下链接: [解决\`\_sbrk’错误的方法][sbrk]

这个链接主要告诉我们,如果有使用标准的C 函数,则要包含syscall.c 这个文件.

那么这个文件在哪里可以找到呢?  
在Keil的pack文件目录下可以根据自己的芯片类型找到.如我的路径:

> C:\\Keil\_v5\\ARM\\Pack\\Keil\\STM32F4xx\_DFP\\2.5.0\\Projects\\STM32F4-Discovery\\Examples\\BSP\\SW4STM32

![这里写图片描述][format_png 6]

那么此时,编译代码即可,原来的错误已经没有了.
    
    至于如何设置JLINK及ST-LINK作为调试,这个跟使用ARMCC一样设置.这里大家可以在网上找一些教程,这里就不再介绍了.

来自:http://blog.csdn.net/lan120576664

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhbjEyMDU3NjY2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

[GCC]: https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/
[GCC 1]: /images/20220731/794283a628b246b4858eb1875f178882.png
[format_png]: /images/20220731/fac56daf62e94421b3afb35f1fb811a1.png
[format_png 1]: /images/20220731/0566b9169fc7436d92c39b801266fc67.png
[format_png 2]: /images/20220731/355e6ca55ca34d98a2d43fc88afa5582.png
[format_png 3]: /images/20220731/30ce4b4c79d944659ee6d356003b9293.png
[format_png 4]: /images/20220731/61ce5032bf2e4d3a98e9dc158dded9bd.png
[format_png 5]: /images/20220731/7fafaa670e4845d19c0e364ec708cb0a.png
[sbrk]: http://www1.coocox.org/forum/topic.php?id=3685
[format_png 6]: /images/20220731/aaa61efa1abb46cbbaf3fc79e971cea3.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xhbjEyMDU3NjY2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220731/91fb1441e93243499879f9f2e677eefe.png