hbase常用的shell命令例子

旧城等待， 2022-07-31 15:24 281阅读 0赞

**1、hbase shell    进入hbase**

\[ [hadoop@mdw][hadoop_mdw] ~\]$  hbase shell  
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.  
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell  
Version 0.94.16, r1557241, Fri Jan 10 20:10:24 UTC 2014

**2、whoami    查看当前访问hbase的用户**

hbase(main):001:0>  whoami

hadoop

**3、version    查看当前hbase的版本信息**

hbase(main):002:0>  version

0.94.16, r1557241, Fri Jan 10 20:10:24 UTC 2014

**4、status    查看当前hbase的状态**

hbase(main):003:0>  status

2 servers, 0 dead, 1.0000 average load

也可以通过增加参数查看，status 'simple' 查看简单的信息、status 'summary' 查看概要信息、status 'detailed' 查看详细信息

**5、create    创建表**

hbase(main):007:0>  create 'member','member\_id','address','info'

0 row(s) in 1.1590 seconds

**6、list    查看数据库中的表**

hbase(main):008:0>  list

TABLE

member

1 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds

**7、describe 表名    查看表的信息**

hbase(main):009:0> describe member

NameError: undefined local variable or method \`member' for \#<Object:0x453c47>

hbase(main):010:0> describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION                                                                                                                  ENABLED

'member', \{NAME => ' address', DATA\_BLOCK\_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMF    true

ILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION\_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRES

SION => 'NONE', MIN\_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP\_DELE

TED\_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN\_MEMORY => 'false', E

NCODE\_ON\_DISK => 'true', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'\}, \{NAME => ' info', DA

TA\_BLOCK\_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION\_SCO

PE => '0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN\_VERSIONS =>

'0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP\_DELETED\_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE

=> '65536', IN\_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE\_ON\_DISK => 'true', BLOCKCA

CHE => 'true'\}, \{NAME => ' member\_id', DATA\_BLOCK\_ENCODING => 'NONE'

, BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION\_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '3',

COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN\_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', K

EEP\_DELETED\_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN\_MEMORY => 'f

alse', ENCODE\_ON\_DISK => 'true', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'\}

1 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds

hbase(main):011:0>

**8、删除列族**

删除列族 需要先禁用表，否则会报以下错误：

hbase(main):006:0>  alter 'member',NAME=>'member\_id',METHOD=>'delete'

ERROR: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableNotDisabledException: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableNotDisabledException: member

at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.HMaster.checkTableModifiable(HMaster.java:1525)

at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.handler.TableEventHandler.<init>(TableEventHandler.java:72)

at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.handler.TableDeleteFamilyHandler.<init>(TableDeleteFamilyHandler.java:41)

at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.HMaster.deleteColumn(HMaster.java:1430)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)

at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ipc.WritableRpcEngine$Server.call(WritableRpcEngine.java:323)

at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ipc.HBaseServer$Handler.run(HBaseServer.java:1426)

删除列族的正确方法：

先禁用表：

hbase(main):007:0>  disable 'member'

0 row(s) in 1.1690 seconds

然后删除列族(注意NAME和METHOD要大写)：

hbase(main):008:0>  alter 'member',NAME=>'member\_id',METHOD=>'delete'

Updating all regions with the new schema...

1/1 regions updated.

Done.

0 row(s) in 1.1640 seconds

删除列族之后再启用表：

hbase(main):009:0>  enable 'member'

0 row(s) in 1.2250 seconds

再次查看表信息，便可以发现member\_id已经被删除

hbase(main):010:0> describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION                                                                                                                                                                                            ENABLED

'member', \{NAME => ' address', DATA\_BLOCK\_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION\_SCOPE => '     true

0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN\_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP\_DELETED\_CELLS =

> 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN\_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE\_ON\_DISK => 'true', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'\}, \{N

AME => ' info', DATA\_BLOCK\_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION\_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS =>

'3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN\_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP\_DELETED\_CELLS => 'false', BLOC

KSIZE => '65536', IN\_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE\_ON\_DISK => 'true', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'\}

1 row(s) in 0.0420 seconds

**9、drop 表名    删除表**

删除表时也需要先将表disable，否则会报错，为方便先创建个临时表(user表)，然后将user表删除

hbase(main):019:0> create 'user','name','age'

0 row(s) in 1.0900 seconds

没有禁用user表，直接删除，报以下错误：

hbase(main):020:0>  drop 'user'

ERROR: Table user is enabled. Disable it first.'

Here is some help for this command:

Drop the named table. Table must first be disabled: e.g. "hbase> drop 't1'"

正确删除方法如下：

先禁用表：

hbase(main):021:0>  disable 'user'

0 row(s) in 1.1660 seconds

然后删除表：

hbase(main):022:0>  drop 'user'

0 row(s) in 1.0710 seconds

hbase(main):023:0>

**10、exists 表名    查看一个表是否存在**

hbase(main):023:0>  exists 'user'

Table user  does not exist

0 row(s) in 0.0230 seconds

hbase(main):024:0>  exists 'member'

Table member  does exist

0 row(s) in 0.0750 seconds

**11、is\_enabled    判断表是否enable**

hbase(main):025:0>  is\_enabled 'member'

true

0 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds

**12、is\_disabled    判断表是否disable**

hbase(main):026:0>  is\_disabled 'member'

false

0 row(s) in 0.0220 seconds

**13、put    插入数据**

hbase(main):076:0>  put 'member','xueba','info:age','25'

0 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds

为了方便使用下面命令的，这里多插入一些数据：

put 'member','xueba','info:age','25'

put 'member','xueba','info:birthday','1989-06-19'

put 'member','xueba','info:company','tecent'

put 'member','xueba','address:contry','china'

put 'member','xueba','address:province','guangdong'

put 'member','xueba','address:city','shenzhen'

put 'member','xiaoming','info:age','24'

put 'member','xiaoming','info:birthday','1990-03-22'

put 'member','xiaoming','info:company','tecent'

put 'member','xiaoming','info:favorite','movie'

put 'member','xiaoming','address:contry','china'

put 'member','xiaoming','address:province','guangdong'

put 'member','xiaoming','address:city','guangzhou'

**14、get    获取表数据**

获取xueba的信息：

hbase(main):090:0>  get 'member','xueba'

COLUMN                      CELL

address:city               timestamp=1436932081705, value=shenzhen

address:contry             timestamp=1436932081662, value=china

address:province           timestamp=1436932081686, value=guangdong

info:age                   timestamp=1436932081590, value=25

info:birthday              timestamp=1436932081619, value=1989-06-19

info:company               timestamp=1436932081642, value=tecent

6 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds

获取xiaoming的info信息：

hbase(main):091:0>  get 'member','xiaoming','info'

COLUMN                      CELL

info:age                   timestamp=1436932081724, value=24

info:birthday              timestamp=1436932081745, value=1990-03-22

info:company               timestamp=1436932081764, value=tecent

info:favorite              timestamp=1436932081784, value=movie

4 row(s) in 0.0560 seconds

获取xiaoming的age信息

hbase(main):092:0>  get 'member','xiaoming','info:age'

COLUMN                      CELL

info:age                   timestamp=1436932081724, value=24

1 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds

**15、put    更新记录**

将xueba的age改为26：

hbase(main):093:0>  put 'member','xueba','info:age','26'

0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds

查看修改结果：

hbase(main):094:0>  get 'member','xueba','info:age'

COLUMN                      CELL

info:age                   timestamp=1436932900139, value=26

1 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds

**16、通过timestamp获取数据**

hbase(main):099:0>  get 'member','xueba',\{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1436936294957\}

COLUMN                      CELL

info:age                   timestamp=1436936294957, value=26

1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds

**17、scan 表名    全表扫描**

hbase(main):101:0>  scan 'member'

ROW                         COLUMN+CELL

xiaoming                   column=address:city, timestamp=1436932131672, value=guangzhou

xiaoming                   column=address:contry, timestamp=1436932081802, value=china

xiaoming                   column=address:province, timestamp=1436932081821, value=guangdong

xiaoming                   column=info:age, timestamp=1436932081724, value=24

xiaoming                   column=info:birthday, timestamp=1436932081745, value=1990-03-22

xiaoming                   column=info:company, timestamp=1436932081764, value=tecent

xiaoming                   column=info:favorite, timestamp=1436932081784, value=movie

xueba                      column=address:city, timestamp=1436932081705, value=shenzhen

xueba                      column=address:contry, timestamp=1436932081662, value=china

xueba                      column=address:province, timestamp=1436932081686, value=guangdong

xueba                      column=info:age, timestamp=1436936294957, value=26

xueba                      column=info:birthday, timestamp=1436932081619, value=1989-06-19

xueba                      column=info:company, timestamp=1436932081642, value=tecent

2 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds

这里数据是2行，分别是xiaoming、xueba

**18、delete    删除数据**

删除xueba的age数据

hbase(main):102:0>  delete 'member','xueba','info:age'

0 row(s) in 0.0400 seconds

删除后查看xueba信息，已没有age数据

hbase(main):103:0>  get 'member','xueba'

COLUMN                      CELL

address:city               timestamp=1436932081705, value=shenzhen

address:contry             timestamp=1436932081662, value=china

address:province           timestamp=1436932081686, value=guangdong

info:birthday              timestamp=1436932081619, value=1989-06-19

info:company               timestamp=1436932081642, value=tecent

5 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds

**19、deleteall    删除整行**

删除xiaoming的数据：

hbase(main):104:0>  deleteall 'member','xiaoming'

0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds

查看删除情况，可以看出已没有xiaoming的数据

hbase(main):105:0>  get 'member','xiaoming'

COLUMN                      CELL

0 row(s) in 0.0050 seconds

**20、count 表名    查询表中总共有多少行数据**

hbase(main):106:0> count 'member'

1 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds

总共插入两行数据，上面将xiaoming的数据全部删除了，所以只剩一行xueba的数据

**21、truncate 表名    清空表**

hbase(main):107:0>  truncate 'member'

Truncating 'member' table (it may take a while):

- Disabling table...

- Dropping table...

- Creating table...

0 row(s) in 3.2460 seconds

通过上面信息可以看出，清空表的操作是先禁用表，然后删除表，再重新创建表

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hbase常用的shell命令例子

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