在Centos上运行不同版本C++运行库的解决办法

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2022-07-26 11:10 204阅读 0赞

来由：生产环境的Centos6.4,gcc 4.4.7，不支持C++11，如果全部升级gcc费劲，尝试以下办法解决

1.在centos6.4虚拟机上编译gcc5.3.0，安装在/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0目录下

2.写CMakeList文件，修改rpath目录为运行目录，具体内容是

CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.6)
    project(test)
    
    SET(CMAKE_C_COMPILER /usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/bin/gcc)
    SET(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER /usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/bin/g++)
    
    INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/include/c++/5.3.0/  ./)
    LINK_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/lib64/)
    #以下为修改rpath
    SET(CMAKE_SKIP_RPATH FALSE) 
    SET(CMAKE_SKIP_BUILD_RPATH FALSE)
    SET(CMAKE_BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH FALSE)
    SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN'" )
    
    MESSAGE("build test")
    
    IF (NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
        SET(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Debug)
    ENDIF(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
    
    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -std=gnu99 -pedantic -s  -Wunused-function")#-Wno-long-long
    SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG} -g")
    SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE} -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections")#-O2 -Os 
    
    SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall -pedantic -s -std=c++11 -fpermissive")#-Wno-long-long
    SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG}  -g")
    SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE} -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections")#-O2 -Os 
    SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_RELEASE} -Wl,--gc-sections")
    
    MESSAGE("makefile in build mode: ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}")
    
    ADD_EXECUTABLE(
    	test
    	test.cpp
    )
    
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(
    	test
    	dl
    	pthread
    )

3.编写测试程序

#include <stdlib.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <thread>
    int main(void)
    {
    	std::thread t([]()
    	{
    		printf("hello,world!\n");
    	});
    	t.join();
    	return 0;
    }

4.执行命令

cmake ./src/ -DCMAKE\_BUILD\_TYPE=Debug && make

5.查看rpath

readelf -d ./test

Dynamic section at offset 0x4980 contains 26 entries:
      Tag        Type                         Name/Value
     0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libdl.so.2]
     0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
     0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libstdc++.so.6]
     0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libm.so.6]
     0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libgcc_s.so.1]
     0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libc.so.6]
     0x000000000000000f (RPATH)              Library rpath: [$ORIGIN:/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/lib64]
     0x000000000000000c (INIT)               0x401b68
     0x000000000000000d (FINI)               0x4033a8
     0x0000000000000004 (HASH)               0x400240
     0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB)             0x400c88
     0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB)             0x4004a8
     0x000000000000000a (STRSZ)              3027 (bytes)
     0x000000000000000b (SYMENT)             24 (bytes)
     0x0000000000000015 (DEBUG)              0x0
     0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT)             0x604b78
     0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ)           360 (bytes)
     0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL)             RELA
     0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL)             0x401a00
     0x0000000000000007 (RELA)               0x4019b8
     0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ)             72 (bytes)
     0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT)            24 (bytes)
     0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED)            0x401908
     0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM)         4
     0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM)             0x40185c
     0x0000000000000000 (NULL)               0x0

6.查看依赖的运行库

[root@*****] ldd ./test
    	linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007fff3c92b000)
    	libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x0000003753800000)
    	libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x0000003753c00000)
    	libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007fa8c6207000)
    	libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x0000003754800000)
    	libgcc_s.so.1 => /usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007fa8c5ff0000)
    	libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x0000003753400000)        
    	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003753000000)

看出依赖两个库：libstdc++.so.6 libgcc\_s.so.1

7.拷贝依赖库和程序到生产机器上目录test内，在上一级目录执行验证

./test/test

02:07 [root@*****]$ ./test/test 
    hello,world!
    tty:[1] jobs:[0] cwd:[/opt/xx]