PHP文件处理--操作文件

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2022-07-26 08:39 207阅读 0赞

除了可以对文件内容进行读写，对文件本身同样也可以进行操作，如复制文件、重新命名、查看修改日期等。PHP内置了大量的文件操作函数，常用的文件函数如下表：

<table style="font-size:undefined; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom:10px; display:table; background-color:inherit; width:720px"> 
 <tbody style="background-color:inherit"> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      函数原型 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      函数说明 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 举例</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:27.75px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      bool copy(string path1,string path2) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:27.75px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 将文件从path1复制到path2。如果成功则返回true，失败返回false。</td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:27.75px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      copy('tm.txt','../tm.txt') 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      bool rename(string filename1,string filename2) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 把name1重新命名为name2</td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      rename('1.txt','test.txt') 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      bool unlink(string filename) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      删除文件，成功返回true，失败返回false。 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> unlink('tm.txt')</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      int fileatime(string filename) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      返回文件最后一次被访问的时间，以Linux时间戳的方式返回 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> fileatime('test.txt')</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      int filemtime(string filename) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      返回文件最后一次被修改的时间，以Linux时间戳的方式返回 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px; color:#000000; background-color:rgb(255,255,255); font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; text-align:start">date("Y-m-d H:i:s",filemtime("test.txt"))</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      int filesize(string filename) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      取得文件filename的大小 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      （bytes） 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      filesize('1.txt') 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      array pathinfo(string name[,int options]) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      返回一个数组，包含文件的name的路径信息。有dirname,basename和extension。可通过option设置要返回的信息，有PATHINFO_DIRNAME、PATHINFO_BASENAME和PATHINFO_EXTENSION。默认为返回全部 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      $arr=pathinfo('/tm/s1/16/4/9/1.txt'); 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      foreach($arr as $method=&gt;$value){ 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit"> 
     <span style="font-family:微软雅黑; font-size:14px; color:#000000; background-color:rgb(255,255,255); font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; text-align:start">&nbsp; &nbsp;echo $method.":".$value."&lt;br&gt;";</span> 
     <br style="background-color:inherit"> 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      } 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> string realpath(string filename)</td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      返回文件filename的绝对路径，如D:\wampserver\www\test\test.txt 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      realpath(test.txt) 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="background-color:inherit"> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:238px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      array stat(string filename) 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:190px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      返回一个数组，包括文件的相关信息，如上面提到的文件大小、最后修改时间等。 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 16px 5px 12px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:229px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      $arr=stat('test.txt'); 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      foreach($arr as $method=&gt;$value){ 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; echo $method.":".$value."&lt;br&gt;"; 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      } 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

说明：

在读写文件时，除了file()、readfile()等少数几个函数外，其他操作必须要先使用fopen()函数打开文件，最后用fclose()函数关闭文件，而文件的信息函数(filesize(),filemtime()等)则都不需要打开文件，只要文件存在即可。