nginx记录响应与POST请求日志

小灰灰 2022-07-25 16:48 461阅读 0赞

生产环境中的某些api出现故障，但是问题无法重现，但是又很想解决掉问题以及我们新项目上线，需要跟踪请求与响应的信息，可以预先找到一些bug，减少大面积的损失。  
安装nginx与ngx\_lua  
响应日志需要lua的支持，  
请参考ttlsa之前的文章《nginx + ngx\_lua安装测试》  
备注：安装过程中，发现nginx-1.9.0版本与ngx\_lua不兼容，所以我换成nginx-1.4.2  
   
nginx日志配置  
  
  
\# vim /usr/local/nginx-1.4.2/conf/nginx.conf  
....省略一些配置....  
log\_format  main  '$remote\_addr | $remote\_user | \[$time\_local\] | "$request" | '  
                      '$status | $body\_bytes\_sent | "$http\_referer"  | '  
                      '"$http\_user\_agent" | "$http\_x\_forwarded\_for" |  "$request\_body" | "$resp\_body"';  
....省略一些配置....  
   
$request\_body变量由nginx自身提供，用于记录POST请求日志  
$resp\_body变量由我们后面再server中定义，由ngx\_lua获取  
   
nginx虚拟主机配置  
  
  
server\{  
       listen      80;  
       server\_name www.ttlsa.com;  
       access\_log /data/logs/nginx/www.ttlsa.com.access.log main;  
  
  
       indexindex.htmlindex.phpindex.html;  
       root/data/site/www.ttlsa.com/;  
       set$resp\_body"";// 这个必须放到最外层，否则日志取不到默认值  
       location/ttlsa/api  
       \{  
        // 以下配置可以放到server里面，如此一来，整个server的请求都会记录到log中  
        lua\_need\_request\_bodyon;  
        body\_filter\_by\_lua'  
                        local resp\_body = string.sub(ngx.arg\[1\], 1, 1000)  
                        ngx.ctx.buffered = (ngx.ctx.buffered or"") .. resp\_body  
                        if ngx.arg\[2\] then  
                                ngx.var.resp\_body = ngx.ctx.buffered  
                        end  
          ';  
         //省略一些配置  
    \}  
   
配置完毕之后，所有/ttlsa/api下的请求都会记录到log中，包含request和response日志  
   
日志结果展示  
10.11.11.11 | - | \[23/May/2015:11:51:11 +0800\] | "POST /ttlsa/api HTTP/1.1" | 200 ~ 519 | "-" | "Apache-HttpClient/4.3.2 (java 1.5)" | "-" | "<xml><appid>10002221</appid><mch\_id>78912321</mch\_id><device\_info>10001</device\_info><nonce\_str>WhQD62S7mW06uGZb09JHZx78VN6Z9VO7</nonce\_str><body>\\xE5\\xBE\\xAE\\xE4\\xBF\\xA1\\xE6\\x9D\\xA1\\xE7\\xA0\\x81\\xE6\\x94\\xAF\\xE4\\xBB\\x98</body><out\_trade\_no>20150523109755485501108746</out\_trade\_no><total\_fee>20910</total\_fee><spbill\_create\_ip>192.168.1.103</spbill\_create\_ip><auth\_code>130145050921275499</auth\_code><sign>8F7C57A99DBA452EFEF685CBE14BE599</sign></xml>" | "<xml><appid>10002221</appid><device\_info>10001</device\_info><err\_code><!\[CDATA\[NOTENOUGH\]\]></err\_code><err\_code\_des><!\[CDATA\[\\xE9\\x93\\xB6\\xE8\\xA1\\x8C\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE4\\xBD\\x99\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x88\\xE5\\xA6\\x82\\xE4\\xBF\\xA1\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x88\\x99\\xE4\\xB8\\xBA\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE9\\x80\\x8F\\xE6\\x94\\xAF\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE5\\xBA\\xA6\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x89\\xEF\\xBC\\x8C\\xE8\\xAF\\xB7\\xE6\\xA0\\xB8\\xE5\\xAE\\x9E\\xE5\\x90\\x8E\\xE5\\x86\\x8D\\xE8\\xAF\\x95\]\]></err\_code\_des><mch\_id>78912321</mch\_id><nonce\_str><!\[CDATA\[PxPXdLScGOhBZ17O\]\]></nonce\_str><result\_code><!\[CDATA\[FAIL\]\]></result\_code><return\_code><!\[CDATA\[SUCCESS\]\]></return\_code><return\_msg><!\[CDATA\[OK\]\]></return\_msg><sign><!\[CDATA\[F04FE3EEF6B3E1E6962616786A177C22\]\]></sign></xml>"  
以上是某个微信支付项目中的日志，通过根据此日志，可以及早发现问题并且修复。有些人可能有疑问，POST里面的一些内容都是\\xE9\\x93\\xB6\\xE8，无法理解。怎么办呢？继续往下看

# NGINX POST十六进制内容转中文 #

回到《[nginx记录响应与POST请求日志][nginx_POST]》一问，我们捕获到了[nginx][] post请求的内容以及响应给用户的内容，但是我们可以看到\\xE5\\xAE\\x9E\\xE5\\x90\\x8E\\xE5\\x86\\x8D\\xE8\\类似的内容，不知何意，接下来我们用[php][]把他给解析出来。

### 日志内容 ###

以下是上篇内容的日志

10.11.11.11 | - | \[23/May/2015:11:51:11 +0800\] | "POST /ttlsa/api HTTP/1.1" | 200 ~ 519 | "-" | "Apache-HttpClient/4.3.2 (java 1.5)" | "-" | "<xml><appid>10002221</appid><mch\_id>78912321</mch\_id><device\_info>10001</device\_info><nonce\_str>WhQD62S7mW06uGZb09JHZx78VN6Z9VO7</nonce\_str><body>\\xE5\\xBE\\xAE\\xE4\\xBF\\xA1\\xE6\\x9D\\xA1\\xE7\\xA0\\x81\\xE6\\x94\\xAF\\xE4\\xBB\\x98</body><out\_trade\_no>20150523109755485501108746</out\_trade\_no><total\_fee>20910</total\_fee><spbill\_create\_ip>192.168.1.103</spbill\_create\_ip><auth\_code>130145050921275499</auth\_code><sign>8F7C57A99DBA452EFEF685CBE14BE599</sign></xml>" | "<xml><appid>10002221</appid><device\_info>10001</device\_info><err\_code><!\[CDATA\[NOTENOUGH\]\]></err\_code><err\_code\_des><!\[CDATA\[\\xE9\\x93\\xB6\\xE8\\xA1\\x8C\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE4\\xBD\\x99\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x88\\xE5\\xA6\\x82\\xE4\\xBF\\xA1\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x88\\x99\\xE4\\xB8\\xBA\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE9\\x80\\x8F\\xE6\\x94\\xAF\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE5\\xBA\\xA6\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x89\\xEF\\xBC\\x8C\\xE8\\xAF\\xB7\\xE6\\xA0\\xB8\\xE5\\xAE\\x9E\\xE5\\x90\\x8E\\xE5\\x86\\x8D\\xE8\\xAF\\x95\]\]></err\_code\_des><mch\_id>78912321</mch\_id><nonce\_str><!\[CDATA\[PxPXdLScGOhBZ17O\]\]></nonce\_str><result\_code><!\[CDATA\[FAIL\]\]></result\_code><return\_code><!\[CDATA\[SUCCESS\]\]></return\_code><return\_msg><!\[CDATA\[OK\]\]></return\_msg><sign><!\[CDATA\[F04FE3EEF6B3E1E6962616786A177C22\]\]></sign></xml>"

我们抓取响应的内容，\\xE9\\x93\\xB6\\xE8\\xA1\\x8C\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE4\\xBD\\x99\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x88\\xE5\\xA6\\x82\\xE4\\xBF\\xA1\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x88\\x99\\xE4\\xB8\\xBA\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE9\\x80\\x8F\\xE6\\x94\\xAF\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE5\\xBA\\xA6\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x89\\xEF\\xBC\\x8C\\xE8\\xAF\\xB7\\xE6\\xA0\\xB8\\xE5\\xAE\\x9E\\xE5\\x90\\x8E\\xE5\\x86\\x8D\\xE8\\xAF\\x95。

### 编写php文件 ###

大体流程，我们通过参数s传值给php，php首先将\\x去掉，将字符串变成完成的十六进制，最后将十六进制转为中文。

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      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">)</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">;</span> 
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      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(255,128,0)!important">preg_replace</span> 
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      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">,</span> 
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      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(189,183,107)!important">$s</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">)</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">;</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:italic!important; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(87,166,74)!important">//十六进制转为汉字</span> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px 5px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; background:0px 50%"> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,111,224)!important"></span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">}</span> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px 5px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; background:rgb(53,53,53)!important"> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,111,224)!important"></span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(189,183,107)!important">$s</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,111,224)!important"> </span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(218,218,218)!important">=</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,111,224)!important"> </span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(189,183,107)!important">$_GET</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">[</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(214,157,133)!important">'s'</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">]</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">;</span> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px 5px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; background:0px 50%"> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,111,224)!important"></span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(189,183,107)!important">$hexEncode</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,111,224)!important"> </span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(218,218,218)!important">=</span>&nbsp; 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,111,224)!important"> </span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(255,128,0)!important">hexEncode</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">(</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(189,183,107)!important">$s</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">)</span> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(216,216,216)!important">;</span> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px 5px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; background:rgb(53,53,53)!important"> 
      <span style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit!important; font-style:inherit; margin:0px; outline:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline; height:inherit; line-height:inherit!important; font-weight:inherit!important; color:rgb(211,90,90)!important">?&gt;</span> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### 测试 ###

网址输入：http://www.ttlsa.com/t.php?s=\\xE9\\x93\\xB6\\xE8\\xA1\\x8C\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE4\\xBD\\x99\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x88\\xE5\\xA6\\x82\\xE4\\xBF\\xA1\\xE7\\x94\\xA8\\xE5\\x8D\\xA1\\xE5\\x88\\x99\\xE4\\xB8\\xBA\\xE5\\x8F\\xAF\\xE9\\x80\\x8F\\xE6\\x94\\xAF\\xE9\\xA2\\x9D\\xE5\\xBA\\xA6\\xE4\\xB8\\x8D\\xE8\\xB6\\xB3\\xEF\\xBC\\x89\\xEF\\xBC\\x8C\\xE8\\xAF\\xB7\\xE6\\xA0\\xB8\\xE5\\xAE\\x9E\\xE5\\x90\\x8E\\xE5\\x86\\x8D\\xE8\\xAF\\x95

输出结果如下：

[![nginx post][]][nginx post]

十六进制转中文

[nginx_POST]: http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-post-response-log/
[nginx]: http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/
[php]: http://www.ttlsa.com/php/
[nginx post]: https://www.ttlsa.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/123.png