Windows下Redis安装和使用

怼烎@ 2022-07-24 03:26 182阅读 0赞

最近学习数据缓存技术，在网上搜索了一下，发现JAVA缓存技术比较流行的有Redis和memcached等，出于学习的目的，这里不做他们的比较。

这篇博客主要介绍缓存技术中的一种Redis的安装和使用.

一、下载Redis for windows

在网络中搜索Redis fow windows,就可以下载Redis的压缩包。解压包。![Center][]

会发现其中有32位和64位的不同版本的包，根据需要，使用对应的压缩包即可。

二、解压

我使用的是redisbin\_x64.zip的压缩包，将其解压到redis的文件夹中。![Center 1][]

解压之后，会发现内容只有一些**.exe**的文件。到这里，redis就算做好了一般了。

三、配置

在redis下新建一个conf的文件夹，并创建 redis.conf 文本文件。将一下内容复制到配置文件中。

# Redis configuration file example
    
    # By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
    # Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
    # 是否以后台进程的形式运行，默认为no
    daemonize no
    
    # When run as a daemon, Redis write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by default.
    # You can specify a custom pid file location here.
    # 如果指定以后台形式执行，则需要指定一个pid文件
    pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
    
    # Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379
    #监听端口号
    port 6379
    
    # If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not
    # specified all the interfaces will listen for connections.
    # 绑定主机IP
    # bind 127.0.0.1
    
    # Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
    # 客户端空闲超时时间，设置为0，则没有超时。过了空闲时间，则会将客户端的连接关闭
    timeout 300
    
    # Set server verbosity to 'debug'
    # it can be one of:
    # debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
    # notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
    # warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
    # 日志记录等级
    loglevel debug
    
    # Specify the log file name. Also 'stdout' can be used to force
    # the demon to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
    # output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
    # 日志记录方式
    logfile stdout
    
    # Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
    # a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
    # dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
    # 可用数据库数目
    databases 16
    
    ################################ SNAPSHOTTING  #################################
    #
    # Save the DB on disk:
    #
    #   save <seconds> <changes>
    #
    #   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
    #   number of write operations against the DB occurred.
    #
    #   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
    #   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
    #   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
    #   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
    save 900 1
    save 300 10
    save 60 10000
    
    # Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
    # For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
    # If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
    # the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
    # 存储到本地数据库时，是否需要压缩数据
    rdbcompression yes
    
    # The filename where to dump the DB
    #本地数据名称
    dbfilename dump.rdb
    
    # For default save/load DB in/from the working directory
    # Note that you must specify a directory not a file name.
    # 本地数据库存放路径
    dir ./
    
    ################################# REPLICATION #################################
    
    # Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
    # another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave
    # so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a
    # different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.
    # 当该服务为从服务时，设置主服务的ip地址和端口号
    #
    # slaveof <masterip> <masterport>
    
    # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
    # directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
    # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
    # refuse the slave request.
    # 当该服务为从服务时，设置主服务的连接密码
    # 
    # masterauth <master-password>
    
    ################################## SECURITY ###################################
    
    # Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
    # commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
    # others with access to the host running redis-server.
    #
    # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
    # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
    # 连接密码
    #
    # requirepass foobared
    
    ################################### LIMITS ####################################
    
    # Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there
    # is no limit, and it's up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process
    # is able to open. The special value '0' means no limts.
    # Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
    # an error 'max number of clients reached'.
    # 最大客户端连接数，默认不设置
    #
    # maxclients 128
    
    # Don't use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.
    # When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an
    # EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire
    # in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.
    # Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.
    #
    # If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
    # that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
    # to reply to most read-only commands like GET.
    #
    # WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a
    # 'state' server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real
    # database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if
    # it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you'll have the time
    # to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you'll start to get
    # errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.
    # 设置最大内存，达到最大内存设置后，Redis线尝试清楚已到期或即将到期的key,当此方法处理后，达到最大内存设置，将不能在进行写入操作。
    #
    # maxmemory <bytes>
    
    ############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
    
    # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live
    # with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash
    # happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot
    # about your data and don't want to that a single record can get lost you should
    # enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append
    # every write operation received in the file appendonly.log. This file will
    # be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.
    #
    # Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you
    # like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).
    # Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the
    # log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.
    #
    # The name of the append only file is "appendonly.log"
    #
    # IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append
    # log file in background when it gets too big.
    # 设置Redis服务器在每次操作完成后，是否更新日志操作，如果关闭，可能会在断电时导致一段时间内的数据丢失，
    # 因为Redis本身同步数据文件是按照上面的save条件来同步的，所以有的数据会在一段时间内存储于内存中。
    
    appendonly no
    
    # 更新日志文件名
    # appendfilename appendonly.aof
    
    # The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
    # instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
    # data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
    #
    # Redis supports three different modes:
    #
    # no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
    # always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
    # everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.
    #
    # The default is "always" that's the safer of the options. It's up to you to
    # understand if you can relax this to "everysec" that will fsync every second
    # or to "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
    # it want, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
    # some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting).
    # 更新日志条件,有三个可选值:
    
    appendfsync always
    # appendfsync everysec
    # appendfsync no
    
    ############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
    
    # Glue small output buffers together in order to send small replies in a
    # single TCP packet. Uses a bit more CPU but most of the times it is a win
    # in terms of number of queries per second. Use 'yes' if unsure.
    #glueoutputbuf yes
    
    # Use object sharing. Can save a lot of memory if you have many common
    # string in your dataset, but performs lookups against the shared objects
    # pool so it uses more CPU and can be a bit slower. Usually it's a good
    # idea.
    #
    # When object sharing is enabled (shareobjects yes) you can use
    # shareobjectspoolsize to control the size of the pool used in order to try
    # object sharing. A bigger pool size will lead to better sharing capabilities.
    # In general you want this value to be at least the double of the number of
    # very common strings you have in your dataset.
    #
    # WARNING: object sharing is experimental, don't enable this feature
    # in production before of Redis 1.0-stable. Still please try this feature in
    # your development environment so that we can test it better.
    
    # shareobjects no
    # shareobjectspoolsize 1024 
    
    # 是否使用虚拟内存
    #vm-enabled no;
    
    # 虚拟内存文件路径,不能多个redis共享
    # vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap
    
    # 将所有大于vm-max-memory 的数据存入虚拟内存。无论vm-max-memory值大小，所有的索引数据都是内存数据。
    # 如果将vm-max-memory设置为0，则所有的数据都存放在磁盘。
    # vm-max-memory 0

四、启动redis服务器

使用一下命令启动 redis服务器。

redis-server.exe conf/redis.conf

启动成功之后，你会看到如下的提示:

![Center 2][]

五、连接redis服务器

使用redis自带的命令，能够连接服务器。

redis-cli.exe -h localhost -p 6379

连接成功之后，会提示以下内容:

![Center 3][]

**这个时候，你就能够使用redis的一下指令操作数据。其他指令，请在网上具体查看一下。**

[Center]: /images/20220722/5fe8df4609be489baf92dfdf24e7ee84.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220722/24e69457f9034a908bbf01f734dbb38a.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220722/cbd5782a8fdf4697af185e4ba9f75211.png
[Center 3]: /images/20220722/05e394d89c464c07be3d182b8390caa0.png