Hibernate的开发前准备以及入门操作

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2022-07-19 11:52 177阅读 0赞

Hibernate是一个非常好用的ORM框架，本篇博客将会讲述Hibernate的简单入门的操作。

在开发前我们可以下载hibernate tools利于开发，下载地址如下：

https://sourceforge.net/projects/jboss/files/JBossTools/JBossTools4.1.x/hibernatetools-Update-4.1.1.Final\_2013-12-08\_01-06-33-B605.zip/download

下载完是hibernatetools-Update-4.1.2.Final\_2014-03-18\_15-46-19-B706.zip这样的一个压缩包，打开eclipse的help==>Install New Software==>Add==>Archive选择刚才下载的压缩包之后默认下一步即可。配置完hibernate tools我们正式进行Hibernate的测试。

1.首先我们需要将Hibernate的包以及数据库驱动包加载进来

<dependency>
    			<groupId>junit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    			<version>4.12</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
    			<version>4.2.4.Final</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
    			<artifactId>oracle_driver</artifactId>
    			<version>oracle11g</version>
    		</dependency>

2.编写hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件,因为安装了hibernate tools我们只需new==>Hibernate  Configuration File即可得到模板，我们再继续加入需要的配置信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
    	<session-factory>
    		<property name="connection.username">mytest</property>
    		<property name="connection.password">a</property>
    		<property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
    		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl</property>
    		
    		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
    
    		
    		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
    		
    		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
    		
    		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
    		
    		<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
    	</session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

3.编写实体类

package com.yc.entity;
    
    import java.sql.Blob;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    public class Student {
    	private int sid;
    	private String sname;
    	private String  gender;
    	private Date birthday;
    	private String address;
    	private Blob picture;
    
    	public Student() {
    
    	}
    	public Student(int sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday,String address) {
    		this.sid = sid;
    		this.sname = sname;
    		this.gender = gender;
    		this.birthday = birthday;
    		this.address = address;
    	}
    
    	public int getSid() {
    		return sid;
    	}
    	public void setSid(int sid) {
    		this.sid = sid;
    	}
    	public String getSname() {
    		return sname;
    	}
    	public void setSname(String sname) {
    		this.sname = sname;
    	}
    	public String getGender() {
    		return gender;
    	}
    	public void setGender(String gender) {
    		this.gender = gender;
    	}
    	public Date getBirthday() {
    		return birthday;
    	}
    	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
    		this.birthday = birthday;
    	}
    	public String getAddress() {
    		return address;
    	}
    	public void setAddress(String address) {
    		this.address = address;
    	}
    	public Blob getPicture() {
    		return picture;
    	}
    	public void setPicture(Blob picture) {
    		this.picture = picture;
    	}
    
    	public String toString() {
    		return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", gender="
    				+ gender + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", address=" + address
    				+ ", picture=" + picture + "]";
    	}
    }

4.编写映射文件，并在cfg文件加上映射路径，右击Student类new==>Hibernate XML Mapping file自动生成如下文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    
    <hibernate-mapping>
        <class name="com.yc.entity.Student" table="STUDENT">
            <id name="sid" type="int">
                <column name="SID" />
                <generator class="sequence" >
                	
                	<param name="sequence">seq_student_aId</param>
                </generator>
            </id>
            <property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="SNAME" />
            </property>
            <property name="gender" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="GENDER" />
            </property>
            
            <property name="birthday" type="date">
                <column name="BIRTHDAY" />
            </property>
            <property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="ADDRESS" />
            </property>
            <property name="picture" type="java.sql.Blob">
         		<column name="PICTURE"></column>   	
            </property>
        </class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

在cfg文件中加入映射信息

<mapping resource="Student.hbm.xml"/>

5.编写测试类测试

package com.yc.test;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.sql.Blob;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.Transaction;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
    import org.junit.After;
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    import com.yc.entity.Info;
    import com.yc.entity.Student;
    
    public class StudentTest {
    	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    	private Session session;
    	private Transaction transaction;
    	
    	@Before
    	public void init(){
    		// 创建配置对象
    		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
    		
    		// 创建服务注册对象
    		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry=new 
    				ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
    		//ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry=new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).build();
    		
    		// 创建会话工厂对象
    		sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
    		
    		//创建会话对象
    		session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    		
    		//开启事务
    		transaction = session.beginTransaction();
    	}
    	
    	@After
    	public void destory(){
    		//提交事务
    		transaction.commit();
    		
    		//关闭会话
    		session.close();
    		
    		//关闭会话工厂
    		sessionFactory.close();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testSave() {
    		Student stu=new Student(1000, "张三", "男", new Date(), "湖南衡阳");
    		session.save(stu);
    	}

6.运行结果

![20160811153220829][]![20160811153227603][]

OK，到此我们的Hibernate开发准备已经完成，并且测试了其是否成功，下篇博客我们将介绍对单表的CRUD操作。

[20160811153220829]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20160811153220829
[20160811153227603]: /images/20220718/7ebb90caa4324f86ae2197b2e2b02d7f.png