SpringBoot初识和快速入门（一）

超、凢脫俗 2022-07-19 01:23 197阅读 0赞

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>版本</th> 
   <th>编写人</th> 
   <th>描述</th> 
   <th>日期</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>1.0</td> 
   <td>Nick</td> 
   <td>快速搭建SpringBoot</td> 
   <td>2016/08/08</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>Nick</td> 
   <td>入门</td> 
   <td>2016/10/15</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

*  SpringBoot
    
     *  框架说明
     *  简单搭建
     *  健壮框架

# SpringBoot #

## 框架说明 ##

SpringBoot久闻大名，我们在自己编写Spring框架的时候，繁琐的Jar包依赖和Jar包管理，令初学者晕头转向，经常因为报一个错误而无奈。SpringBoot是最小化依赖和搭建较优的配置，内嵌服务器，让运行变得越来越简单

## 简单搭建 ##

参考地址：[http://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/][http_projects.spring.io_spring-boot]

*  构建Maven项目，普通的Maven项目就行了，不需要转成Web（过程略，百度较多）
 *  Maven的pom.xml配置如下：

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

*  编写控制器

package hello;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.*;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.*;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.*;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    @Controller
    @EnableAutoConfiguration
    public class SampleController { 
    
        @RequestMapping("/")
        @ResponseBody
        String home() {
            return "Hello World!";
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            SpringApplication.run(SampleController.class, args);
        }
    }

*  右键，运行，即可看到控制台信息如下：

.   ____          _            __ _ _
     /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
    ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
     \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
      ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
     =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
     :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.4.0.RELEASE)
    
    2016-08-08 08:54:56.424  INFO 8164 --- [           main] SampleController.SampleController        : Starting SampleController on WUPINLONG with PID 8164 (D:\WorkSpace\Eclipse\SpringBoot\springboot\target\classes started by NICK in D:\WorkSpace\Eclipse\SpringBoot\springboot)
    2016-08-08 08:54:56.427  INFO 8164 --- [           main] SampleController.SampleController        : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
    2016-08-08 08:54:56.464  INFO 8164 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@384ee98f: startup date [Mon Aug 08 08:54:56 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.759  INFO 8164 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.767  INFO 8164 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.768  INFO 8164 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.4
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.831  INFO 8164 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.831  INFO 8164 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1370 ms
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.962  INFO 8164 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.965  INFO 8164 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.965  INFO 8164 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.965  INFO 8164 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
    2016-08-08 08:54:57.965  INFO 8164 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.195  INFO 8164 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@384ee98f: startup date [Mon Aug 08 08:54:56 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.249  INFO 8164 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/]}" onto java.lang.String SampleController.SampleController.home()
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.253  INFO 8164 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.253  INFO 8164 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.279  INFO 8164 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.280  INFO 8164 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.313  INFO 8164 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.496  INFO 8164 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.548  INFO 8164 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
    2016-08-08 08:54:58.552  INFO 8164 --- [           main] SampleController.SampleController        : Started SampleController in 2.516 seconds (JVM running for 2.757)
    2016-08-08 08:55:05.416  INFO 8164 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
    2016-08-08 08:55:05.416  INFO 8164 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
    2016-08-08 08:55:05.432  INFO 8164 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 16 ms

*  自动绑定8080端口和根目录，打开浏览器访问：[http://localhost:8080/][http_localhost_8080]，即可看到Hello World!，表示简单搭建完成

## 健壮框架 ##

参考博客：[http://my.oschina.net/u/1027043/blog/406558][http_my.oschina.net_u_1027043_blog_406558]

以上是官方Demo

下面贴上我自己测试的配置  
POM.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <groupId>nick</groupId>
        <artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
        <packaging>war</packaging>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>springboot Maven Webapp</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
    
        
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
        </parent>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

然后就可以自己定义Controller了  
注解使用@Controller或者@RestController（表示@Controller和@ResponseBody一起的，表示返回String类型）

[http_projects.spring.io_spring-boot]: http://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/
[http_localhost_8080]: http://localhost:8080/
[http_my.oschina.net_u_1027043_blog_406558]: http://my.oschina.net/u/1027043/blog/406558