使用XSD验证xml

小灰灰 2022-07-17 02:22 187阅读 0赞

# 使用XSD验证XML #

本文简单介绍如何使用XSD验证自己的xml。项目中我们经常使用xml作为配置或者数据交互的文件格式，在解析XML前最好验证一下或者在生成xml文件后验证一下生成的文件格式是正确，这样可以避免解析时出现一些低级的xml文件不符合预定义格式的错误。

CSDN无法正确显示这些xsd， xml以及java代码，如果需要请参考[http://yqbjtu.blog.163.com/blog/static/529426201672674444341/][http_yqbjtu.blog.163.com_blog_static_529426201672674444341]  
第一步显示定义XSD，这个参考网上很多教程，本文给出一个简单实例。

order\_v1.xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1" xmlns:tns="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1">
    
    <xsd:element name="shipOrder" type="tns:shipOrder"></xsd:element>
    
      <xsd:complexType name="shipOrder">
        <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1">
            <xsd:element name="orderperson" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"></xsd:element>
            <xsd:element name="order-description" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"></xsd:element>
            <xsd:element name="items" type="tns:items" maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1"></xsd:element>
            <xsd:element name="item-2" type="tns:item-2" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="1"></xsd:element>
        </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:complexType>
    
      <xsd:complexType name="items">
          <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="1">
            <xsd:element name="item" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
              <xsd:complexType>
                <xsd:simpleContent>
                    <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">
                      <xsd:attribute name="index" type="xsd:unsignedLong" />
                    </xsd:extension>
                </xsd:simpleContent>
              </xsd:complexType>
            </xsd:element>
          </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:complexType>
    
    
      <xsd:complexType name="item-2">
          <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1">
              <xsd:element name="title" type="xsd:string"/>
              <xsd:element name="note" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0"/>
              <xsd:element name="quantity" type="xsd:positiveInteger"/>
              <xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:decimal"/>
          </xsd:sequence>
          <xsd:attribute name="index" type="xsd:unsignedLong" />
      </xsd:complexType>
    
    </xsd:schema>

Xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
    
    <shipOrder xmlns="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1" xmlns:server="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    
      <orderperson>John Smith</orderperson>
      <order-description>This document is used for demo sxN#</order-description>
    
      <items>
          <item index="1">
            some potatoes
          </item>
          <item index="2">
            some tomatoes
          </item>
      </items>
    
    
          <item-2 index="1">
                <title>Hide your heart</title>
                <quantity>1</quantity>
                <price>9.90</price>
          </item-2>
          <item-2 index="2">
                <title>Hide your heart</title>
                <note>this is for testing note, it is not required</note>
                <quantity>1</quantity>
                <price>9.90</price>
          </item-2>
    
    
    
    </shipOrder>

最后是我们的java代码

import java.io.File;
    import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
    
    import javax.xml.transform.Source;
    import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
    import javax.xml.validation.Schema;
    import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
    import javax.xml.validation.Validator;
    
    import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
    
    public class index="2"> <title>Hide your heart</title> <note>this is for testing note, it is not required</note> <quantity>1</quantity> <price>9.90</price> </item-2>

其余部分基本类似，比较需要注意的是item类型，它有attribute也有value。

<item index="2"> some tomatoes </item>

它的定义是

<xsd:element name="item" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
              <xsd:complexType>
                <xsd:simpleContent>
                    <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">
                      <xsd:attribute name="index" type="xsd:unsignedLong" />
                    </xsd:extension>
                </xsd:simpleContent>
              </xsd:complexType>
            </xsd:element>

图片  
![这里写图片描述][20160826195431586]

![这里写图片描述][20160826195453034]

[http_yqbjtu.blog.163.com_blog_static_529426201672674444341]: http://yqbjtu.blog.163.com/blog/static/529426201672674444341/
[20160826195431586]: /images/20220717/255571fbebe0455e83a1076e8da4f7ed.png
[20160826195453034]: /images/20220717/e1409a2b12ae4a4d88d6d3dbc1b6c8f8.png