MongoDB导入Shapefile数据

本是古典何须时尚 2022-07-16 03:28 211阅读 0赞

两种解决方案：  
一、将整个shapefile转为GeoJSON然后直接导入mongoDB数据库中  
首先，将shapefile数据转为WGS84地理坐标，然后使用GDAL的命令行工具ogr2ogr进行格式的转换，转换命令如下：  
`ogr2ogr -f geoJSON continents.json continents.shp`  
删除生成JSON文件的前两行`{ "type": "FeatureCollection",`和最后一行`}`。  
最后，使用mongodb的mongoimport工具进行导入：  
`mongoimport --db world --collection continents < continents.json`  
这样子整个shapefile文件在mongodb中是以一个document存在的。

二、更加细粒度的存储方法是将shapefile中的每个feature取出来转为GeoJSON存入mongodb  
具体实现代码入下（Java版本）：

package cn.tzy.mongodb;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.StringWriter;
    
    import org.bson.Document;
    import org.geotools.data.FileDataStore;
    import org.geotools.data.FileDataStoreFinder;
    import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureIterator;
    import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureSource;
    import org.geotools.geojson.feature.FeatureJSON;
    import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
    
    import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
    import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
    import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
    
    public class MongoEx {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    
            final String IP_ADDRESS = "127.0.0.1";
            final String DB_NAME = "SpatialFeatures";
            final String COLLECTION_NAME = "continents";
    
            final String SHAPE_FILE = "/home/theone/Data/World/continent.shp";
    
            MongoClient client = new MongoClient(IP_ADDRESS, 27017);
            MongoDatabase db = client.getDatabase(DB_NAME);
            db.createCollection(COLLECTION_NAME);
    
            MongoCollection<Document> coll = db.getCollection(COLLECTION_NAME);
    
            File shapeFile = new File(SHAPE_FILE);
            FileDataStore store = FileDataStoreFinder.getDataStore(shapeFile);
            SimpleFeatureSource sfSource = store.getFeatureSource();
            SimpleFeatureIterator sfIter = sfSource.getFeatures().features();
            // 依次取出每一个Feature转为GeoJSON格式，然后插入到collection中
            while (sfIter.hasNext()) {
                SimpleFeature feature = (SimpleFeature) sfIter.next();
                FeatureJSON fjson = new FeatureJSON();
                StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
                fjson.writeFeature(feature, writer);
                String sjson = writer.toString();
    
                Document doc = Document.parse(sjson);
                coll.insertOne(doc);
            }
    
            client.close();
        }
    
    }