Android笔记----对服务器XML以及JSON数据的简单解析

比眉伴天荒 2022-07-16 00:51 83阅读 0赞

1.  服务器搭建  
    Apache官网最新版Apache HTTP Server 2.4安装方法已经不是傻瓜式的下一步,需要解压完成后进行手动配置相关路径和端口信息,昨天由于端口冲突问题折腾了挺长时间终于搞定了.  
    最终设置本地ip(localhost)+端口号作为服务器主站,相对应的数据文件也是放在这里面![这里写图片描述][20160926072958162]  
    丢入test.xml以及testjson.json作为测试.  
    ![这里写图片描述][20160926073419325]

--------------------

*  简单思路摘要:  
    
    
    1.  **XML**  
        通过HttpClient获取网址中xml文件的数据,再Pull方式解析服务器返回的数据.
    2.  **JSON**  
        JSON的解析相对清晰,直接把数据返回到**JSONArray**对象, 并对改对象每个元素的成员调用getString()取出.

But Talk is cheap, show me the code…

新建AndroidProject  
1.先在AndroidManifest声明权限`<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />`

2.布局相对简单,只是个按钮监听实现:  
在onClick里面回调即可

//解析xml
    sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection_xml();
    //JSONArray 解析json
    sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection_json();
    // GSON解析JSON
    sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection_GSON();

具体函数  
**XML**  
网站下的test.xml内容为:

解析的时候是按每个结点(app)进行解析的 ,类似于文件读取操作,遇到结点就判断是否到达文件尾,如果否,则next(app)

public void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection_xml() {
            new Thread(new Runnable() {         
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try{
                        Log.d(TAG,"run");
                        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
                        //指定地址
                        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://10.15.27.157:8080/test.xml");
                        HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                        if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                            Log.d(TAG,"success");
                            //请求响应成功
                            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                            String response = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"utf-8");                     
                            parseXMLWithPull(response);
                        }
                    }catch(Exception e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }           
            }).start();
        }
    
        private void parseXMLWithPull(String xmlData) {
            try {
                Log.d(TAG,"parseXMLWithPull");
                XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance();
                XmlPullParser xmlPullParser = factory.newPullParser();
                xmlPullParser.setInput(new StringReader(xmlData));
                int eventType = xmlPullParser.getEventType();
                String id = "";
                String name = "";
                String version = "";
                while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    //xml未到文件末尾
                    String nodeNameString = xmlPullParser.getName();
                    switch (eventType) {
                    case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:{
                        if ("id".equals(nodeNameString)) {
                            id = xmlPullParser.nextText();
                        }else if ("name".equals(nodeNameString)){
                            name = xmlPullParser.nextText();
                        }else if ("version".equals(nodeNameString)){
                            version = xmlPullParser.nextText();
                        }                   
                        break;
                    }
    
                    case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:{
                        if ("app".equals(nodeNameString)) {
                            Log.d(TAG,"id is "+id);
                            Log.d(TAG,"name is "+name);
                            Log.d(TAG,"Version is "+version);
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                    default :
                        break;
                    }
                    eventType = xmlPullParser.next();
                }           
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

解析结果:  
![这里写图片描述][20160926080237809]

**JSON**  
test\_json.json内容为:

[
        { "id":"5","version":"5.5","name":"AG" },
        { "id":"6","version":"6.0","name":"Six" },
        { "id":"7","version":"7.0","name":"Seven" }
    ]

JSON格式数据体积小,但是.json可读性差,可以借助辅助工具

> [http://www.bejson.com/][http_www.bejson.com] 在线解析  
> ![这里写图片描述][20160926075638917]

这样比较清晰  
![这里写图片描述][20160926075719620]  
JSON的解析相对清晰,直接把数据返回到**JSONArray**对象, 并循环遍历**JSONArray对象**,对该对象每个元素的成员(id,name,version)调用getString()取出.

private void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection_json() {
            new Thread(new Runnable() {         
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try{
                        Log.d(TAG,"run");
                        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
                        //指定地址
                        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://10.15.27.157:8080/test_json.json");
                        HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                        if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                            Log.d(TAG,"success");
                            //请求响应成功
                            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                            String response = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"utf-8");                     
                            parseJSONWithJSONObject(response);
                        }
                    }catch(Exception e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }                   
            }).start();
        }
    
        private void parseJSONWithJSONObject(String jsonData) {
            try {
                JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(jsonData);
                for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {
                    JSONObject jsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
                    String id = jsonObject.getString("id");
                    String name = jsonObject.getString("name");
                    String version = jsonObject.getString("version");
    
                    Log.d(TAG,"id is "+id);
                    Log.d(TAG,"name is "+name);
                    Log.d(TAG,"Version is "+version);
    
                }           
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

解析结果我们通过logcat输出:  
![这里写图片描述][20160926080058063]

*  GSON解析JSON,相对更加方便  
    Eclipse 平台,  
    下载GSON的压缩包 解压得到gson-2.2.4
 *  Step 1 在项目的lib导入gson-2.2.4  
    ![这里写图片描述][20160926081529132]
 *  Step 2 新建类 Data\_GSON

// GSON解析JSON
        private void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection_GSON() {
            new Thread(new Runnable() {         
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try{
                        Log.d(TAG,"GSON解析");
                        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
                        //指定地址
                        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://10.15.27.157:8080/test_json.json");
                        HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                        if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                            Log.d(TAG,"success");
                            //请求响应成功
                            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                            String response = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"utf-8");                     
                            parseJSONWithG(response);
                        }                   
                    }catch(Exception e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }                   
            }).start();
        }
    
        private void parseJSONWithG(String jsonData) {
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            List<Data_GSON>appList = 
                    gson.fromJson(jsonData, new TypeToken<List<Data_GSON>>(){}.getType());
            for (Data_GSON data_GSON : appList) {
                Log.d(TAG,"id is "+ data_GSON.getId());
                Log.d(TAG,"name is "+ data_GSON.getName());
                Log.d(TAG,"Version is "+ data_GSON.getVersion());
            }
        }

以上方法同样可以成功解析,代码和上面的JSONArray方法大同小异,关键地方在于  
此处解析JSON数据只需要通过自定义的类Data\_GSON来进行识别

其实GSON库是将JSON字符串映射成对象,然后匹配相应的成员变量进行获取.

//对JSON数组的统一 
    Gson gson = new Gson();
    
            List<Data_GSON>appList = 
                    gson.fromJson(jsonData, new TypeToken<List<Data_GSON>>(){}.getType());

程序来源<第一行代码>

[20160926072958162]: /images/20220716/bfdf7e4421ae402591ac84b638ad0959.png
[20160926073419325]: /images/20220716/4cc4a1c113bf446290bdf9ab9c39d2d4.png
[20160926080237809]: /images/20220716/75ca71f170004b35a2b6272b7d2392cb.png
[http_www.bejson.com]: http://www.bejson.com/
[20160926075638917]: /images/20220716/d90b226248dd4c76a82820cc9774f842.png
[20160926075719620]: /images/20220716/a49f34015bc648c188bd1d0bc88e8ce3.png
[20160926080058063]: /images/20220716/b8984297c83e4656aa1461cbdd8e599c.png
[20160926081529132]: /images/20220716/545c9d01515e4bb5ae4074c14d087c8f.png