Elasticsearch与MongoDB 数据同步及分布式集群搭建（一）

淩亂°似流年 2022-07-15 07:49 133阅读 0赞

转载请注明：转载自 [Yuansir-web菜鸟 | LAMP学习笔记][Yuansir-web_ _ LAMP]

本文链接地址: [Elasticsearch与MongoDB 数据同步及分布式集群搭建 （一）][Elasticsearch_MongoDB _]

[Elasticsearch][] 通过River可以与多种数据源Wikipedia, MongoDB, CouchDB, RabbitMQ, RSS, Sofa, JDBC, FileSystem,Dropbox等同步，公司的业务是用MongoDB，今天测试环境虚拟机上配置了一下Elasticsearch 与 MongoDB的同步，作个大概的过程记录，主要利用 [richardwilly98 / elasticsearch-river-mongodb][richardwilly98 _ elasticsearch-river-mongodb] 。

River通过读取mongodb的oplog来同步数据，oplog这个表来使集群中的不同机器数据同步的，可以保证es里面的数据和mongodb里面的是一样的，所以Mongdb必须是个集群才能拥有oplog. 注意：该插件只支持集群环境下的mongodb，因为集群环境下的mongodb才有oplog这个

Elasticsearch 和 MongoDB需要安装对应的版本才能实现同步，我这里用了最新的Elasticsearch 1.4.2 和 MongoDB 3.0.0,相应的版本要求参考下表

![MR7fumN.png_web][]

elasticsearch-mongodb

MongDB是一个 副本集的集群 ，具体副本集集群的搭建不详细写了，Elasticsearch的安装配置也省略。

#### 1.安装elasticsearch-river-mongodb ####

# ./elasticsearch-1.4.4/bin/plugin -install elasticsearch/elasticsearch-mapper-attachments/2.4.1
    
    # ./elasticsearch-1.4.4/bin/plugin -i com.github.richardwilly98.elasticsearch/elasticsearch-river-mongodb/2.0.5

#### 2.建立river ####

curl -XPUT <span class="string">"http://10.253.1.70:9200/_river/threads_mongo_river/_meta"</span> -d'
    
    {
      "type": "mongodb",
      "mongodb": { 
        "servers":
        [
          { "host": "10.253.1.71", "port": 27017}
        ],
        "db": "threads", 
        "collection": "threads", 
        "gridfs": false
      }, 
      "index": { 
        "name": "test", 
        "type": "threads"
      }
    }'

这里只是简单的配置了建立连接的MongoDB以及相应的db,collection对于的elasticsearch index和type，还有详细的配置没有使用到，比如options等，具体根据业务可以配置，下面是一份详细的配置样例:

$ curl -XPUT "localhost:9200/_river/${es.river.name}/_meta" -d '
    {
      "type": "mongodb",
      "mongodb": { 
        "servers":
        [
          { "host": ${mongo.instance1.host}, "port": ${mongo.instance1.port} },
          { "host": ${mongo.instance2.host}, "port": ${mongo.instance2.port} }
        ],
        "options": { 
          "secondary_read_preference" : true, 
          "drop_collection": ${mongo.drop.collection}, 
          "exclude_fields": ${mongo.exclude.fields},
          "include_fields": ${mongo.include.fields},
          "include_collection": ${mongo.include.collection},
          "import_all_collections": ${mongo.import.all.collections},
          "initial_timestamp": {
            "script_type": ${mongo.initial.timestamp.script.type},
            "script": ${mongo.initial.timestamp.script}
          },
          "skip_initial_import" : ${mongo.skip.initial.import},
          "store_statistics" : ${mongo.store.statistics},
        },
        "credentials":
        [
          { "db": "local", "user": ${mongo.local.user}, "password": ${mongo.local.password} },
          { "db": "admin", "user": ${mongo.db.user}, "password": ${mongo.db.password} }
        ],
        "db": ${mongo.db.name}, 
        "collection": ${mongo.collection.name}, 
        "gridfs": ${mongo.is.gridfs.collection},
        "filter": ${mongo.filter}
      }, 
      "index": { 
        "name": ${es.index.name}, 
        "throttle_size": ${es.throttle.size},
        "bulk_size": ${es.bulk.size},
        "type": ${es.type.name}
        "bulk": {
          "actions": ${es.bulk.actions},
          "size": ${es.bulk.size},
          "concurrent_requests": ${es.bulk.concurrent.requests},
          "flush_interval": ${es.bulk.flush.interval}
        }
      }
    }'

一些配置项的解释如下,具体可以查看github的 [wiki][] :

*  db为同步的数据库名，
 *  host mongodb的ip地址（默认为localhost）
 *  port mongodb的端口
 *  collection 要同步的表名
 *  fields 要同步的字段名（用逗号隔开，默认全部）
 *  gridfs 是否是gridfs文件（如果collection是gridfs的话就设置成true）
 *  local\_db\_user local数据库的用户名（没有的话不用写）
 *  local\_db\_password local数据库的密码（没有的话不用写）
 *  db\_user 要同步的数据库的密码（没有的话不用写）
 *  db\_password 要同步的数据库的密码（没有的话不用写）
 *  name 索引名（不能之前存在）
 *  type 类型
 *  bulk\_size 批量添加的最大数
 *  bulk\_timeout 批量添加的超时时间

3.测试是否成功

我测试的库中数据较少，所以就直接都查出来看看是否能查出来吧

$ curl -XGET "http://10.253.1.70:9200/test/threads/_search" -d '
    {
    	"took": 20,
    	"timed_out": false,
    	"_shards": {
    		"total": 5,
    		"successful": 5,
    		"failed": 0
    	},
    	"hits": {
    		"total": 4,
    		"max_score": 1,
    		"hits": [
    			{
    				"_index": "test",
    				"_type": "threads",
    				"_id": "54fa32b22c44cf67cb6a9d1b",
    				"_score": 1,
    				"_source": {
    					"_id": "54fa32b22c44cf67cb6a9d1b",
    					"title": "where is my car",
    					"content": "ask yourself"
    				}
    			},
    			{
    				"_index": "test",
    				"_type": "threads",
    				"_id": "54fa2f5c2c44cf67cb6a9d19",
    				"_score": 1,
    				"_source": {
    					"_id": "54fa2f5c2c44cf67cb6a9d19",
    					"title": "this is title",
    					"content": "what is the fuck"
    				}
    			},
    			{
    				"_index": "test",
    				"_type": "threads",
    				"_id": "54fa2f892c44cf67cb6a9d1a",
    				"_score": 1,
    				"_source": {
    					"_id": "54fa2f892c44cf67cb6a9d1a",
    					"title": "are you ok",
    					"content": "yes,i am ok"
    				}
    			},
    			{
    				"_index": "test",
    				"_type": "threads",
    				"_id": "54fa49ccc104e2264e02deea",
    				"_score": 1,
    				"_source": {
    					"_id": "54fa49ccc104e2264e02deea",
    					"title": "hello word",
    					"content": "hello hello haha"
    				}
    			}
    		]
    	}
    }

看来数据已经同步过来了，然后在MongoDB 添加一条记录，执行同样的操作查找对于的记录或者 total已经+1那么同步完成了。

转载请注明：转载自 [Yuansir-web菜鸟 | LAMP学习笔记][Yuansir-web_ _ LAMP]

本文链接地址: [Elasticsearch与MongoDB 数据同步及分布式集群搭建 （一）][Elasticsearch_MongoDB _]

[Yuansir-web_ _ LAMP]: http://www.yuansir-web.com/
[Elasticsearch_MongoDB _]: http://www.yuansir-web.com/2015/03/06/elasticsearch%e4%b8%8emongodb-%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%90%8c%e6%ad%a5%e5%8f%8a%e5%88%86%e5%b8%83%e5%bc%8f%e9%9b%86%e7%be%a4%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba-%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89/
[Elasticsearch]: http://www.elasticsearch.org/
[richardwilly98 _ elasticsearch-river-mongodb]: https://github.com/richardwilly98/elasticsearch-river-mongodb
[MR7fumN.png_web]: http://img2.tuicool.com/MR7fumN.png!web
[wiki]: https://github.com/richardwilly98/elasticsearch-river-mongodb/wiki