Redis系列~列表(List)（八）

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2022-07-15 01:11 177阅读 0赞

Redis列表是简单的字符串列表，按照插入顺序排序。你可以添加一个元素导列表的头部（左边）或者尾部（右边）

一个列表最多可以包含 232 - 1 个元素 (4294967295, 每个列表超过40亿个元素)。

### 实例 ###

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> LPUSH runoobkey redis
    (integer) 1
    redis 127.0.0.1:6379> LPUSH runoobkey mongodb
    (integer) 2
    redis 127.0.0.1:6379> LPUSH runoobkey mysql
    (integer) 3
    redis 127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE runoobkey 0 10
    
    1) "mysql"
    2) "mongodb"
    3) "redis"

在以上实例中我们使用了 **LPUSH** 将三个值插入了名为 runoobkey 的列表当中。

### Redis 列表命令 ###

下表列出了列表相关的基本命令：

<table style="border:0px; margin:4px 0px; padding:0px; border-collapse:collapse; width:729px; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;,&quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;,Helvetica,Arial,STHeiti,&quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;,sans-serif; font-size:12px"> 
 <tbody style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <th style="border:1px solid rgb(85,85,85); margin:0px; padding:3px; color:rgb(255,255,255); background-color:rgb(85,85,85); vertical-align:top; text-align:left; width:29px"> 序号</th> 
   <th style="border:1px solid rgb(85,85,85); margin:0px; padding:3px; color:rgb(255,255,255); background-color:rgb(85,85,85); vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> 命令及描述</th> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 1</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-blpop.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">BLPOP key1 [key2 ] timeout</a>&nbsp;<br> 移出并获取列表的第一个元素， 如果列表没有元素会阻塞列表直到等待超时或发现可弹出元素为止。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 2</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-brpop.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">BRPOP key1 [key2 ] timeout</a>&nbsp;<br> 移出并获取列表的最后一个元素， 如果列表没有元素会阻塞列表直到等待超时或发现可弹出元素为止。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 3</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-brpoplpush.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">BRPOPLPUSH source destination timeout</a>&nbsp;<br> 从列表中弹出一个值，将弹出的元素插入到另外一个列表中并返回它； 如果列表没有元素会阻塞列表直到等待超时或发现可弹出元素为止。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 4</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-lindex.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LINDEX key index</a>&nbsp;<br> 通过索引获取列表中的元素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 5</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-linsert.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LINSERT key BEFORE|AFTER pivot value</a>&nbsp;<br> 在列表的元素前或者后插入元素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 6</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-llen.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LLEN key</a>&nbsp;<br> 获取列表长度</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 7</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-lpop.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LPOP key</a>&nbsp;<br> 移出并获取列表的第一个元素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 8</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-lpush.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LPUSH key value1 [value2]</a>&nbsp;<br> 将一个或多个值插入到列表头部</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 9</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-lpushx.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LPUSHX key value</a>&nbsp;<br> 将一个或多个值插入到已存在的列表头部</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 10</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-lrange.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LRANGE key start stop</a>&nbsp;<br> 获取列表指定范围内的元素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 11</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-lrem.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LREM key count value</a>&nbsp;<br> 移除列表元素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 12</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-lset.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LSET key index value</a>&nbsp;<br> 通过索引设置列表元素的值</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 13</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-ltrim.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">LTRIM key start stop</a>&nbsp;<br> 对一个列表进行修剪(trim)，就是说，让列表只保留指定区间内的元素，不在指定区间之内的元素都将被删除。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 14</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-rpop.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">RPOP key</a>&nbsp;<br> 移除并获取列表最后一个元素</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 15</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-rpoplpush.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">RPOPLPUSH source destination</a>&nbsp;<br> 移除列表的最后一个元素，并将该元素添加到另一个列表并返回</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; background-color:rgb(246,244,240)"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 16</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-rpush.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">RPUSH key value1 [value2]</a>&nbsp;<br> 在列表中添加一个或多个值</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> 17</td> 
   <td style="border:1px solid rgb(212,212,212); margin:0px; padding:7px 5px; font-size:1em; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; vertical-align:top"> <a href="http://www.runoob.com/redis/lists-rpushx.html" style="border:0px; margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(100,133,76)" rel="nofollow">RPUSHX key value</a>&nbsp;<br> 为已存在的列表添加值</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>