列表、元组

列表

普通列表
混合列表
空列表

member=['Python','c语言','c++','java']
number=[1,2,3,4,5]
mix=['china',2,[1,2],['girl','boy',2]]
empty=[]
print(member)
print(number)
print(mix)
print(empty)

输出结果：

['Python', 'c语言', 'c++', 'java']
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
['china', 2, [1, 2], ['girl', 'boy', 2]]
[]

向列表里面添加元素

append()：在列表末尾添加一个元素
extend()：可以添加多个元素，要以列表的形式添加
insert()：向列表里的指定位置添加元素，从0开始。

member=[‘Python’,’c语言’,’c++’,’java’]
member.append(‘嘻嘻’)
member
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’, ‘c++’, ‘java’, ‘嘻嘻’]
member.extend([‘小明’,’小黄’])
member
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’, ‘c++’, ‘java’, ‘嘻嘻’, ‘小明’, ‘小黄’]
member.insert(2,’3’)
member
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’, ‘3’, ‘c++’, ‘java’, ‘嘻嘻’, ‘小明’, ‘小黄’]

从列表中获取元素

>>> member=['Python','c语言','c++','java']
>>> member[3]
'java'

从列表中删除元素

remove()：从列表中删除指定元素

member=[‘Python’,’c语言’,’c++’,’java’]
member.remove(‘java’)
member
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’, ‘c++’]

del ：按列表元素索引删除元素；或者删除整个列表

member
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’, ‘c++’]
del member[0]
member
[‘c语言’, ‘c++’]
del member
member
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ““, line 1, in
member
NameError: name ‘member’ is not defined

pop()：取出列表中最后一个元素并返回；或者按索引取

member=[‘Python’,’c语言’,’c++’,’java’]
member.pop()
‘java’
member
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’, ‘c++’]
member.pop(1)
‘c语言’
member
[‘Python’, ‘c++’]

列表分片

利用索引值，可以从列表中获取多个元素

member=[‘Python’,’c语言’,’c++’,’java’]
member[1:3]
[‘c语言’, ‘c++’]
member[1:]
[‘c语言’, ‘c++’, ‘java’]
member[:2]
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’]
member[:]
[‘Python’, ‘c语言’, ‘c++’, ‘java’]