Widows下利用OpenSSL生成证书

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2022-07-13 14:56 313阅读 0赞

原文连接：http://www.cnblogs.com/gsls200808/p/4499133.html

1.下载OpenSSL的windows版本

32位：[openssl-1.0.2a-i386-win32.zip][]

64位：[openssl-1.0.2a-x64\_86-win64.zip][openssl-1.0.2a-x64_86-win64.zip]

下载之后解压即可使用，不过软件缺少配置文件

2.建立配置文件

在解压后的目录, 即openssl.exe所在目录新建配置文件，名为openssl-1.0.2a.cnf，内容如下

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

# For use with easy-rsa version 2.0 and OpenSSL 1.0.0*
    
    # This definition stops the following lines choking if HOME isn't
    # defined.
    HOME            = .
    RANDFILE        = $ENV::HOME/.rnd
    openssl_conf        = openssl_init
    
    [ openssl_init ]
    # Extra OBJECT IDENTIFIER info:
    #oid_file        = $ENV::HOME/.oid
    oid_section        = new_oids
    engines            = engine_section
    
    # To use this configuration file with the "-extfile" option of the
    # "openssl x509" utility, name here the section containing the
    # X.509v3 extensions to use:
    # extensions        =
    # (Alternatively, use a configuration file that has only
    # X.509v3 extensions in its main [= default] section.)
    
    [ new_oids ]
    
    # We can add new OIDs in here for use by 'ca' and 'req'.
    # Add a simple OID like this:
    # testoid1=1.2.3.4
    # Or use config file substitution like this:
    # testoid2=${testoid1}.5.6
    
    ####################################################################
    [ ca ]
    default_ca    = CA_default        # The default ca section
    
    ####################################################################
    [ CA_default ]
    
    dir        = $ENV::KEY_DIR        # Where everything is kept
    certs        = $dir            # Where the issued certs are kept
    crl_dir        = $dir            # Where the issued crl are kept
    database    = $dir/index.txt    # database index file.
    new_certs_dir    = $dir            # default place for new certs.
    
    certificate    = $dir/ca.crt         # The CA certificate
    serial        = $dir/serial         # The current serial number
    crl        = $dir/crl.pem         # The current CRL
    private_key    = $dir/ca.key        # The private key
    RANDFILE    = $dir/.rand        # private random number file
    
    x509_extensions    = usr_cert        # The extentions to add to the cert
    
    # Extensions to add to a CRL. Note: Netscape communicator chokes on V2 CRLs
    # so this is commented out by default to leave a V1 CRL.
    # crl_extensions    = crl_ext
    
    default_days    = 3650            # how long to certify for
    default_crl_days= 30            # how long before next CRL
    default_md    = md5            # use public key default MD
    preserve    = no            # keep passed DN ordering
    
    # A few difference way of specifying how similar the request should look
    # For type CA, the listed attributes must be the same, and the optional
    # and supplied fields are just that :-)
    policy        = policy_anything
    
    # For the CA policy
    [ policy_match ]
    countryName        = match
    stateOrProvinceName    = match
    organizationName    = match
    organizationalUnitName    = optional
    commonName        = supplied
    name            = optional
    emailAddress        = optional
    
    # For the 'anything' policy
    # At this point in time, you must list all acceptable 'object'
    # types.
    [ policy_anything ]
    countryName        = optional
    stateOrProvinceName    = optional
    localityName        = optional
    organizationName    = optional
    organizationalUnitName    = optional
    commonName        = supplied
    name            = optional
    emailAddress        = optional
    
    ####################################################################
    [ req ]
    default_bits        = 1024
    default_keyfile     = privkey.pem
    distinguished_name    = req_distinguished_name
    attributes        = req_attributes
    x509_extensions    = v3_ca    # The extentions to add to the self signed cert
    
    # Passwords for private keys if not present they will be prompted for
    # input_password = secret
    # output_password = secret
    
    # This sets a mask for permitted string types. There are several options.
    # default: PrintableString, T61String, BMPString.
    # pkix     : PrintableString, BMPString (PKIX recommendation after 2004).
    # utf8only: only UTF8Strings (PKIX recommendation after 2004).
    # nombstr : PrintableString, T61String (no BMPStrings or UTF8Strings).
    # MASK:XXXX a literal mask value.
    string_mask = nombstr
    
    # req_extensions = v3_req # The extensions to add to a certificate request
    
    [ req_distinguished_name ]
    countryName            = Country Name (2 letter code)
    countryName_default        = CN
    countryName_min            = 2
    countryName_max            = 2
    
    stateOrProvinceName        = State or Province Name (full name)
    stateOrProvinceName_default    = LiaoNing
    
    localityName            = Locality Name (eg, city)
    localityName_default        = DaLian
    
    0.organizationName        = Organization Name (eg, company)
    0.organizationName_default    = KEY_ORG
    
    # we can do this but it is not needed normally :-)
    #1.organizationName        = Second Organization Name (eg, company)
    #1.organizationName_default    = World Wide Web Pty Ltd
    
    organizationalUnitName        = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
    #organizationalUnitName_default    =
    
    commonName            = Common Name (eg, your name or your server\'s hostname)
    commonName_max            = 64
    
    name                = Name
    name_max            = 64
    
    emailAddress            = Email Address
    emailAddress_default        = mail@host.domain
    emailAddress_max        = 40
    
    # JY -- added for batch mode
    organizationalUnitName_default = KEY_OU
    commonName_default = KEY_CN
    name_default = KEY_NAME
    
    
    # SET-ex3            = SET extension number 3
    
    [ req_attributes ]
    challengePassword        = A challenge password
    challengePassword_min        = 4
    challengePassword_max        = 20
    
    unstructuredName        = An optional company name
    
    [ usr_cert ]
    
    # These extensions are added when 'ca' signs a request.
    
    # This goes against PKIX guidelines but some CAs do it and some software
    # requires this to avoid interpreting an end user certificate as a CA.
    
    basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
    
    # Here are some examples of the usage of nsCertType. If it is omitted
    # the certificate can be used for anything *except* object signing.
    
    # This is OK for an SSL server.
    # nsCertType            = server
    
    # For an object signing certificate this would be used.
    # nsCertType = objsign
    
    # For normal client use this is typical
    # nsCertType = client, email
    
    # and for everything including object signing:
    # nsCertType = client, email, objsign
    
    # This is typical in keyUsage for a client certificate.
    # keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
    
    # This will be displayed in Netscape's comment listbox.
    nsComment            = "Easy-RSA Generated Certificate"
    
    # PKIX recommendations harmless if included in all certificates.
    subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
    authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always
    extendedKeyUsage=clientAuth
    keyUsage = digitalSignature
    
    
    # This stuff is for subjectAltName and issuerAltname.
    # Import the email address.
    # subjectAltName=email:copy
    
    # Copy subject details
    # issuerAltName=issuer:copy
    
    #nsCaRevocationUrl        = http://www.domain.dom/ca-crl.pem
    #nsBaseUrl
    #nsRevocationUrl
    #nsRenewalUrl
    #nsCaPolicyUrl
    #nsSslServerName
    
    [ server ]
    
    # JY ADDED -- Make a cert with nsCertType set to "server"
    basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
    nsCertType                     = server
    nsComment                      = "Easy-RSA Generated Server Certificate"
    subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
    authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always
    extendedKeyUsage=serverAuth
    keyUsage = digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
    
    [ v3_req ]
    
    # Extensions to add to a certificate request
    
    basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
    keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
    
    [ v3_ca ]
    
    
    # Extensions for a typical CA
    
    
    # PKIX recommendation.
    
    subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
    
    authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always
    
    # This is what PKIX recommends but some broken software chokes on critical
    # extensions.
    #basicConstraints = critical,CA:true
    # So we do this instead.
    basicConstraints = CA:true
    
    # Key usage: this is typical for a CA certificate. However since it will
    # prevent it being used as an test self-signed certificate it is best
    # left out by default.
    # keyUsage = cRLSign, keyCertSign
    
    # Some might want this also
    # nsCertType = sslCA, emailCA
    
    # Include email address in subject alt name: another PKIX recommendation
    # subjectAltName=email:copy
    # Copy issuer details
    # issuerAltName=issuer:copy
    
    # DER hex encoding of an extension: beware experts only!
    # obj=DER:02:03
    # Where 'obj' is a standard or added object
    # You can even override a supported extension:
    # basicConstraints= critical, DER:30:03:01:01:FF
    
    [ crl_ext ]
    
    # CRL extensions.
    # Only issuerAltName and authorityKeyIdentifier make any sense in a CRL.
    
    # issuerAltName=issuer:copy
    authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always
    
    [ engine_section ]
    #
    # If you are using PKCS#11
    # Install engine_pkcs11 of opensc (www.opensc.org)
    # And uncomment the following
    # verify that dynamic_path points to the correct location
    #
    #pkcs11 = pkcs11_section
    
    [ pkcs11_section ]
    engine_id = pkcs11
    dynamic_path = /usr/lib/engines/engine_pkcs11.so
    MODULE_PATH = changeme
    PIN = 1234
    init = 0

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

3.初始化一些参数

cmd切换到openssl目录，执行以下初始化内容

初始化内容包括，建立keys文件夹，生成index.txt空文本文件，生成serial文件内容为01

rmdir /s /q keys
    mkdir keys
    copy /Y nul keys\index.txt
    echo 01 >keys\serial
    SET HOME=.
    SET KEY_DIR=keys

4.生成ca证书

这一步生成了2个文件：ca.key为CA的私钥文件，ca.crt为CA的证书文件，这两个文件后面的证书签名做准备

openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -x509 -keyout keys\ca.key -out keys\ca.crt -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

5.生成服务端证书

生成服务器证书请求文件和服务器私钥

openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -keyout keys\server.key -out keys\server.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

CA签名

openssl ca -days 3650 -out keys\server.crt -in keys\server.csr -extensions server -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

清除.old文件防止将来创建文件出现错误

del /q keys\*.old

6.生成客户端证书

生成客户端证书请求文件和客户端私钥

openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -keyout keys\client.key -out keys\client.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

CA签名

openssl ca -days 3650 -out keys\client.crt -in keys\client.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf

清除.old文件防止将来创建文件出现错误

del /q keys\*.old

生成的证书文件都在keys文件夹中

笔者生成的证书下载：[http://download.csdn.net/detail/gsls200808/8697633][http_download.csdn.net_detail_gsls200808_8697633]

[openssl-1.0.2a-i386-win32.zip]: http://download.csdn.net/detail/gsls200808/8688735
[openssl-1.0.2a-x64_86-win64.zip]: http://download.csdn.net/detail/gsls200808/8688737
[copycode.gif]: /images/20220713/f6d639e6af2848c8b9e26918db4a597c.png
[http_download.csdn.net_detail_gsls200808_8697633]: http://download.csdn.net/detail/gsls200808/8697633