python基础篇--time,datetime(日期和时间)

r囧r小猫 2022-07-13 14:55 189阅读 0赞

日期和时间（time， datetime）

**获取当前时间：**

import time
    import datetime
    
    localtime = time.localtime(time.time())
    print localtime
    # 输出结果：
    # time.struct_time(tm_year=2017, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=6, tm_hour=10, tm_min=50, tm_sec=7, tm_wday=4, tm_yday=6, tm_isdst=0)

**详解：**

<table style="table-layout:fixed; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #ccc; width:279px"> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">参数</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">内容</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_year</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">年 &nbsp;2017</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_mon</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">月 1-12</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_mday</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">日 1-31</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_hour</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">小时 0-23</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_min</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">分钟 0-59</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_sec</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">秒&nbsp; 0-61（60或61是闰秒）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_wday</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">0-6（0是周一）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_yday</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">1-366（当年的第几天）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:122px; height:23px">tm_isdst</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:157px; height:23px">-1,0,1，-1是否为夏令时的旗帜</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**获取格式化的时间：**

import time
    import datetime
    
    print time.asctime()
    print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    print datetime.datetime.strftime(datetime.datetime.now(), '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    print str(datetime.datetime.now())[:19]
    # 输出结果：
    # Fri Jan 06 11:17:25 2017
    # 2017-01-06 11:17:25
    # 2017-01-06 11:17:25
    # 2017-01-06 11:17:25

**时间转化为时间格式：**

import time
    import datetime
    
    s_time = "2017-01-06 11:11:24"
    d_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(s_time, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    print 'type:%s , d_time:%s' % (type(d_time), d_time)
    # 输出结果：
    # type:<type 'datetime.datetime'> , d_time:2017-01-06 11:11:24

**获取时间差：**

**获取某段时间**

import time
    import datetime
    
    print datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=1)  # 1 毫秒
    print datetime.timedelta(seconds=1)  # 1秒
    print datetime.timedelta(minutes=1)  # 1分钟
    print datetime.timedelta(hours=1)  # 1小时
    print datetime.timedelta(days=1)  # 1天
    print datetime.timedelta(weeks=1)   # 一个星期7天
    # 输出结果：
    # 0:00:00.001000
    # 0:00:01
    # 0:01:00
    # 1:00:00
    # 1 day, 0:00:00
    # 7 days, 0:00:00

**计算时间差：**

import time
    import datetime
    
    oneday = datetime.timedelta(days=1)  # 1天时间
    today = datetime.date.today()  # 今天时间
    yesterday = datetime.date.today() - oneday
    tomorrow = datetime.date.today() + oneday
    today_zero_time = datetime.datetime.strftime(today, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    
    print yesterday
    print tomorrow
    print today_zero_time
    # 输出结果
    # 2017-01-12
    # 2017-01-14
    # 2017-01-13 00:00:00