Java-springMVC框架:springMVC简单搭建一

小咪咪 2022-07-13 12:10 303阅读 0赞

一个简单的MVC框架，基本要熟悉以下步骤

  1. 1：定义一个Controller类
  2. 2：配置如何配置
  3. 3：如何定义url地址 进入方法
  4. 4：如何将查询的数据放入作用域(拿到request,response对象)
  5. 5：如何返回页面，转发/重定向

springmvc的配置：

1: 引入jar包 

  1. commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar
  2.     commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
  3.     commons-io-2.0.1.jar
  4.     commons-lang3-3.1.jar
  5.     commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
  6.     commons-pool-1.2.jar
  7.     spring-aop-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  8.     spring-aspects-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  9.     spring-beans-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  10.     spring-context-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  11.     spring-context-support-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  12.     spring-core-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  13.     spring-expression-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  14.     spring-web-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  15.     spring-webmvc-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar
  16.     spring-webmvc-portlet-4.1.5.RELEASE.jar

2：在web.xml定义Springmvc的核心类Servlet类 

  1. springmvc的配置和applicationContext.xml是一种父子关系    
  2.      在web-inf下建立一个叫："servlet-name"-servlet.xml文件  zpupload-servlet.xml
  3.      如果想改变名称：在servlet核心类中加入：
  4.      <init-param>
  5.         <param-name>namespace</param-name>
  6.         <param-value>fylupload</param-value>
  7.     </init-param>
  8.     web.xml中所有代码如下：
  11. <display-name>zpupload</display-name>
  12.   <welcome-file-list>
  13.       <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  14.   </welcome-file-list>
  16.   <!-- 加载和初始化spring应用上下文 application.setAttribute("contextConfigLocation","classpath:applicationContext.xml") -->
  17.   <context-param>
  18.       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  19.       <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  20.   </context-param>
  21.   <!-- 这个监听器就是专门去坚挺上面application的作用域的变化，如果发生了改变(setAttribute),那么它就会把spring 应用用上下文applicationContext(WebApplicationContext)初始化放入到appliation的作用域 -->
  22.   <listener>
  23.       <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  24.   </listener>
  26.   <!-- springmvc的核心类 -->
  27.   <servlet>
  28.       <servlet-name>zpupload</servlet-name>
  29.       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  30.       <init-param>
  31.           <param-name>namespace</param-name>
  32.           <param-value>fylupload</param-value>
  33.       </init-param>
  34.   </servlet>
  35.   <servlet-mapping>
  36.       <servlet-name>zpupload</servlet-name>
  37.       <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
  38.   </servlet-mapping>
  41.    <!-- 乱码问题,post请求乱码 -->
  42.    <filter>
  43.        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
  44.        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  45.        <init-param>
  46.            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
  47.            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  48.        </init-param>
  49.    </filter>
  50.    <filter-mapping>
  51.        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
  52.        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  53.    </filter-mapping>

3：配置fylupload.xml

  1. <!-- 扫包 -->
  2.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.zp.upload"></context:component-scan>
  4.      <!-- 视图渲染 -->
  5.      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  6.          <!-- 制定页面存放的路径 -->
  7.          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
  8.          <!-- 文件的后缀 -->
  9.          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
  10.      </bean>

4：定义一个类IndexController测试

  1. package com.zp.upload;
  3. import java.util.HashMap;
  5. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  6. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  7. import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
  9. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
  10. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  11. import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
  14. @Controller
  15. @RequestMapping("/upload")
  16. public class IndexController {
  18.     @RequestMapping("/test")
  19.     public String test() {
  20.         System.out.println("进来了嘛？？");
  21.         return null;
  22.     }
  24.     // http://localhost:8080/zpupload/upload/index1.html
  25.     @RequestMapping("/index1")
  26.     public String index1(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) {
  27.         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
  28.         map.put("name", "MM-index1");
  29.         map.put("age", "17");
  30.         // 把map放入作用域，jsp用EL表达式取值
  31.         request.setAttribute("map", map);
  32.         // 返回page，路径为视图渲染配种中的
  33.         // name="prefix"+@RequestMapping("/upload")+@RequestMapping("/index1")+name="suffix"
  34.         // 当我们访问 http://localhost:8080/zpupload/upload/index1.html 他实际找的jsp文件为
  35.         // /WEB-INF/pages/upload/index1.jsp
  36.         return "index1";
  37.     }
  39.     @RequestMapping("index2")
  40.     public ModelAndView index2() {
  41.         ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
  42.         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
  43.         map.put("name", "MM-index2-ModelAndView");
  44.         map.put("age", "18");
  45.         modelAndView.addObject("map", map);// request.setAttribute("map", map);
  46.         modelAndView.setViewName("upload/index2");// return "index1";
  47.         return modelAndView;
  48.     }
  50.     // 带参数的get访问
  51.     // http://localhost:8080/zpupload/upload/index3.html?username=你好
  52.     @RequestMapping("index3")
  53.     public String index3(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) {
  54.         String username = request.getParameter("username");
  55.         System.out.println("username========>" + username);
  56.         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
  57.         map.put("name", "MM-index3-Parameter");
  58.         map.put("age", "18");
  59.         request.setAttribute("map", map);
  60.         return "index3";
  61.     }
  63.     // 重定向：http://localhost:8080/zpupload/upload/index4.html?username=你好
  64.     @RequestMapping("index4")
  65.     public String index4(HttpServletRequest request) {
  66.         String username = request.getParameter("username");
  67.         System.out.println("username========>" + username);
  68.         HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
  69.         map.put("name", "MM-index4-redirect");
  70.         map.put("age", "18");
  71.         request.setAttribute("map", map);
  72. //        return "redirect:success.html?username=mm";
  73. //        return "redirect:/success.jsp";
  74.         return "forward:/success.jsp";
  75.         /**
  76.          * return "redirect:/success.jsp";时
  77.          * 会跳转 http://localhost:8080/zpupload/success.jsp
  78.          * 访问WebContent下的success.jsp文件
  79.          *  return "redirect:success.jsp";  --->  不加/
  80.          * 是基于命名空间@RequestMapping("/upload")，会跳转/zpupload/upload/success.jsp
  81.          * 重定向(不走视图解析，不会拼接路径)一定是webroot下面的页面或者是requestMapping路径,
  82.          * WEB-INF下的文件不允许直接访问，需要借助中间跳转 
  83.          * return "redirect:/success.html"; 时
  84.          * 会跳转 http://localhost:8080/zpupload/upload/success.html
  85.          * 被@RequestMapping("/success")拦截 访问return "common/success";
  86.          * 访问 /WEB-INF/pages/common/success.jsp 文件
  87.          * 
  88.          * return "forward:/success.jsp";
  89.          * 转发也会跳过视图解析，不拼接路径，访问WebContent下的success.jsp文件
  90.          */
  92.     }
  94.     @RequestMapping("/success")
  95.     public String success() {
  96.         return "common/success";
  97.     }
  98. }

代码详见

  1. http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013820054/9732369

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