Windows Unix Toolkit

男娘i 2022-07-13 04:10 156阅读 0赞

##### Windows Unix Toolkit #####

> Building on Windows requires a Unix-like environment, notably a Unix-like shell. There are several such environments available of which [Cygwin][] and [MinGW/MSYS][MinGW_MSYS] are currently supported for the OpenJDK build. One of the differences of these systems from standard Windows tools is the way they handle Windows path names, particularly path names which contain spaces, backslashes as path separators and possibly drive letters. Depending on the use case and the specifics of each environment these path problems can be solved by a combination of quoting whole paths, translating backslashes to forward slashes, escaping backslashes with additional backslashes and translating the path names to their ["8.3" version][8.3_ version].
> 
> ###### CYGWIN ######
> 
> > CYGWIN is an open source, Linux-like environment which tries to emulate a complete POSIX layer on Windows. It tries to be smart about path names and can usually handle all kinds of paths if they are correctly quoted or escaped although internally it maps drive letters `<drive>:` to a virtual directory `/cygdrive/<drive>`.
> > 
> > You can always use the `cygpath` utility to map pathnames with spaces or the backslash character into the `C:/` style of pathname (called 'mixed'), e.g. `cygpath -s -m "path"`.
> > 
> > Note that the use of CYGWIN creates a unique problem with regards to setting `PATH`. Normally on Windows the `PATH` variable contains directories separated with the ";" character (Solaris and Linux use ":"). With CYGWIN, it uses ":", but that means that paths like "C:/path" cannot be placed in the CYGWIN version of `PATH` and instead CYGWIN uses something like `/cygdrive/c/path` which CYGWIN understands, but only CYGWIN understands.
> > 
> > The OpenJDK build requires CYGWIN version 1.7.16 or newer. Information about CYGWIN can be obtained from the CYGWIN website at [www.cygwin.com][Cygwin].
> > 
> > By default CYGWIN doesn't install all the tools required for building the OpenJDK. Along with the default installation, you need to install the following tools.
> > 
> > > <table> 
> > >  <thead> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>Binary Name</td> 
> > >    <td>Category</td> 
> > >    <td>Package</td> 
> > >    <td>Description</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >  </thead> 
> > >  <tbody> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>ar.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Devel</td> 
> > >    <td>binutils</td> 
> > >    <td>The GNU assembler, linker and binary utilities</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>make.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Devel</td> 
> > >    <td>make</td> 
> > >    <td>The GNU version of the 'make' utility built for CYGWIN</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>m4.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Interpreters</td> 
> > >    <td>m4</td> 
> > >    <td>GNU implementation of the traditional Unix macro processor</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>cpio.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Utils</td> 
> > >    <td>cpio</td> 
> > >    <td>A program to manage archives of files</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>gawk.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Utils</td> 
> > >    <td>awk</td> 
> > >    <td>Pattern-directed scanning and processing language</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>file.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Utils</td> 
> > >    <td>file</td> 
> > >    <td>Determines file type using 'magic' numbers</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>zip.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Archive</td> 
> > >    <td>zip</td> 
> > >    <td>Package and compress (archive) files</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>unzip.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>Archive</td> 
> > >    <td>unzip</td> 
> > >    <td>Extract compressed files in a ZIP archive</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >   <tr> 
> > >    <td>free.exe</td> 
> > >    <td>System</td> 
> > >    <td>procps</td> 
> > >    <td>Display amount of free and used memory in the system</td> 
> > >   </tr> 
> > >  </tbody> 
> > > </table>
> > 
> > Note that the CYGWIN software can conflict with other non-CYGWIN software on your Windows system. CYGWIN provides a [FAQ][] for known issues and problems, of particular interest is the section on [BLODA (applications that interfere with CYGWIN)][BLODA _applications that interfere with CYGWIN].
> 
> ###### MinGW/MSYS ######
> 
> > MinGW ("Minimalist GNU for Windows") is a collection of free Windows specific header files and import libraries combined with GNU toolsets that allow one to produce native Windows programs that do not rely on any 3rd-party C runtime DLLs. MSYS is a supplement to MinGW which allows building applications and programs which rely on traditional UNIX tools to be present. Among others this includes tools like `bash` and `make`. See [MinGW/MSYS][MinGW_MSYS] for more information.
> > 
> > Like Cygwin, MinGW/MSYS can handle different types of path formats. They are internally converted to paths with forward slashes and drive letters `<drive>:` replaced by a virtual directory `/<drive>`. Additionally, MSYS automatically detects binaries compiled for the MSYS environment and feeds them with the internal, Unix-style path names. If native Windows applications are called from within MSYS programs their path arguments are automatically converted back to Windows style path names with drive letters and backslashes as path separators. This may cause problems for Windows applications which use forward slashes as parameter separator (e.g. `cl /nologo /I`) because MSYS may wrongly [replace such parameters by drive letters][].
> > 
> > In addition to the tools which will be installed by default, you have to manually install the `msys-zip` and `msys-unzip` packages. This can be easily done with the MinGW command line installer:
> > 
> > > `mingw-get.exe install msys-zip`  
> > > `mingw-get.exe install msys-unzip`

[Cygwin]: http://www.cygwin.com/
[MinGW_MSYS]: http://www.mingw.org/wiki/MSYS
[8.3_ version]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8.3_filename
[FAQ]: http://cygwin.com/faq/faq.using.html
[BLODA _applications that interfere with CYGWIN]: http://cygwin.com/faq/faq.using.html#faq.using.bloda
[replace such parameters by drive letters]: http://mingw.org/wiki/Posix_path_conversion