apache tomcat 负载均衡集群

快来打我* 2022-07-12 15:09 211阅读 0赞

引用：[http://yjiezhao.blog.163.com/blog/static/1152322392009101835335828/?fromdm&fromSearch&isFromSearchEngine=yes][http_yjiezhao.blog.163.com_blog_static_1152322392009101835335828_fromdm_fromSearch_isFromSearchEngine_yes]

(一)环境说明  
(1)服务器有4台，一台安装apache,三台安装tomcat  
(2)apache2.0.55、tomcat5.5.15、jk2.0.4、jdk1.5.6或jdk1.4.2  
(3)ip配置,一台安装apache的ip为192.168.0.88,三台安装tomcat的服务器ip分别为192.168.0.1/2/4  
(二)安装过程  
(1)在三台要安装tomcat的服务器上先安装jdk  
(2)配置jdk的安装路径,在环境变量path中加入jdk的bin路径,新建环境变量JAVA\_HOME指向jdk的安装路径  
(3)在三台要安装tomcat的服务器上分别安装tomcat,调试三个tomcat到能够正常启动  
(4)tomcat的默认WEB服务端口是8080,默认的模式是单独服务,我的三个tomcat的WEB服务端口修改为7080/8888/9999  
修改位置为tomcat的安装目录下的conf/server.xml  
修改前的配置为  
<Connector port="8080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"  
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"  
enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"  
connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" />  
修改后的配置为  
<Connector port="7080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"  
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"  
enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"  
connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" />  
依次修改每个tomcat的监听端口(7080/8888/9999)  
  
(5)分别测试每个tomcat的启动是否正常  
http://192.168.0.1:7080  
http://192.168.0.2:8888  
http://192.168.0.4:9999  
(三)负载均衡配置过程  
(1)在那台要安装apache的服务器上安装apache2.0.55,我的安装路径为默认C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2  
(2)安装后测试apache能否正常启动，调试到能够正常启动http://192.168.0.88  
(3)下载jk2.0.4后解压缩文件  
(4)将解压缩后的目录中的modules目录中的mod\_jk2.so文件复制到apache的安装目录下的modules目录中,我的为C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/modules  
(5)修改apache的安装目录中的conf目录的配置文件httpd.conf，在文件中加LoadModule模块配置信息的最后加上一句LoadModule jk2\_module modules/mod\_jk2.so  
(6)分别修改三个tomcat的配置文件conf/server.xml，修改内容如下  
修改前  
  
  
  
  
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">  
修改后  
  
  
  
<Engine name="Standalone" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1">  
  
将其中的jvmRoute="jvm1"分别修改为jvmRoute="tomcat1"和jvmRoute="tomcat2"和jvmRoute="tomcat3"  
  
(7)然后重启三个tomcat，调试能够正常启动。  
(8)在apache的安装目录中的conf目录下创建文件workers2.propertie，写入文件内容如下  
  
\# fine the communication channel  
\[channel.socket:192.168.0.1:8009\]  
info=Ajp13 forwarding over socket  
\#配置第一个服务器  
tomcatId=tomcat1 \#要和tomcat的配置文件server.xml中的jvmRoute="tomcat1"名称一致  
debug=0  
lb\_factor=1 \#负载平衡因子，数字越大请求被分配的几率越高  
  
\# Define the communication channel  
\[channel.socket:192.168.0.2:8009\]  
info=Ajp13 forwarding over socket  
tomcatId=tomcat2  
debug=0  
lb\_factor=1  
  
\# Define the communication channel  
\[channel.socket:192.168.0.4:8009\]  
info=Ajp13 forwarding over socket  
tomcatId=tomcat3  
debug=0  
lb\_factor=1  
  
\[status:\]  
info=Status worker, displays runtime information.  
  
\[uri:/jkstatus.jsp\]  
info=Display status information and checks the config file for changes.  
group=status:  
  
\[uri:/\*\]  
info=Map the whole webapp  
debug=0  
(9)在三个tomcat的安装目录中的webapps建立相同的应用,我和应用目录名为TomcatDemo,在三个应用目录中建立相同 WEB-INF目录和页面index.jsp,index.jsp的页面内容如下  
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" %>  
<%@ page import="java.util.\*" %>  
<html><head><title>Cluster App Test</title></head>  
<body>  
Server Info:  
<%  
out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + " : " + request.getLocalPort()+"<br>");%>  
<%  
out.println("<br> ID " + session.getId()+"<br>");  
  
// 如果有新的 Session 属性设置  
String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");  
if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) \{  
String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");  
session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);  
\}  
  
out.print("<b>Session 列表</b>");  
  
Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();  
while (e.hasMoreElements()) \{  
String name = (String)e.nextElement();  
String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();  
out.println( name + " = " + value+"<br>");  
System.out.println( name + " = " + value);  
\}  
%>  
<form action="index.jsp" method="POST">  
名称:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName">  
<br>  
值:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue">  
<br>  
<input type=submit>  
</form>  
</body>  
</html>  
(10)重启apache服务器和三个tomcat服务器,到此负载 均衡已配置完成。测试负载均衡先测试apache,访问http://192.168.0.88/jkstatus.jsp  
能否正常访问，并查询其中的内容，有三个tomcat的相关配置信息和负载说明,访问http://192.168.0.88/TomcatDemo/index.jsp看能够运行,  
能运行，则已建立负载均衡。  
(四)tomcat集群配置  
(1)负载均衡配置的条件下配置tomcat集群  
(2)分别修改三个tomcat的配置文件conf/server.xml,修改内容如下  
修改前  
需要在系统防火墙上打开此端口（udp）！  
mcastFrequency="500"  
mcastDropTime="3000"/>  
  
<Receiver  
className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationListener"  
tcpListenAddress="auto"  
tcpListenPort="4001"  
tcpSelectorTimeout="100"  
tcpThreadCount="6"/>  
  
<Sender  
className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationTransmitter"  
replicationMode="pooled"  
ackTimeout="5000"/>  
  
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationValve"  
filter=".\*/.gif;.\*/.js;.\*/.jpg;.\*/.png;.\*/.htm;.\*/.html;.\*/.css;.\*/.txt;"/>  
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"  
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"  
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"  
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"  
watchEnabled="false"/>  
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>  
</Cluster>  
\-->  
修改后  
  
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"  
managerClassName="org.apache.catalina.cluster.session.DeltaManager"  
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"  
useDirtyFlag="true"  
notifyListenersOnReplication="true">  
  
<Membership  
className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.mcast.McastService"  
mcastAddr="228.0.0.4"  
mcastPort="45564"  
mcastFrequency="500"  
mcastDropTime="3000"/>  
  
<Receiver  
className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationListener"  
tcpListenAddress="auto"  
tcpListenPort="4001"  
tcpSelectorTimeout="100"  
tcpThreadCount="6"/>  
  
<Sender  
className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationTransmitter"  
replicationMode="pooled"  
ackTimeout="5000"/>  
  
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationValve"  
filter=".\*/.gif;.\*/.js;.\*/.jpg;.\*/.png;.\*/.htm;.\*/.html;.\*/.css;.\*/.txt;"/>  
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"  
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"  
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"  
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"  
watchEnabled="false"/>  
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>  
</Cluster>  
  
将集群配置选项的注释放开即可，如上。  
(3)重启三个tomcat。到此tomcat的集群已配置完成。  
  
(五)应用配置  
对于要进行负载和集群的的tomcat目录下的webapps中的应用中的WEB-INF中的web.xml文件要添加如下一句配置  
<distributable/>  
配置前  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app\_2\_4.xsd" version="2.4">  
<display-name>TomcatDemo</display-name>  
</web-app>  
配置后  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app\_2\_4.xsd" version="2.4">  
<display-name>TomcatDemo</display-name>  
<distributable/>  
</web-app>  
  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
每个需要共享session的web应用，需要在对应的web.xml文件追加标记：  
<distributable/>  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#

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