Nagios 监控实例部署

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2022-07-12 09:40 583阅读 0赞

Nagios是一款企业级开源软件，专注于监控服务器上服务是否正常，不生成图形，提供报警机制，邮件或者短信发送监控状态，它通过各种插件实现不同的功能。

Nagios 监控平台主程序

Nagios-plugins 必选插件

NRPE 监控远程服务器的主机资源

NSClient++ 用于监控Windows主机

NDOUtils 将数据写入数据库

**一、安装RHEL7.2**

最小化安装，配置IP，时间同步，本地yum源，安装vim（个人习惯）、bash-completion（命令补齐）

\# hostnamectl set-hostname nagios\_cacti

\# yum install vim

\# yum install bash-completion

\# yum install chrony

\# systemctl enable chronyd

\# systemctl start chronyd

\# vim /etc/chrony.conf

server 10.100.2.5 iburst //增加一行时间源

\# yum install ntpdate

\# ntpdate 10.100.2.5 //手动同步时间

**配置CentOS 163 yum源**

\# yum install wget

\# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.2.1511/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm

\# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.2.1511/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86\_64.rpm

\# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.2.1511/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm

\# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

\# rpm -qa|grep yum //检查redhat是否安装了yum，及有哪些Yum包

\# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps //删除redhat自带的yum包

\# rpm -ivh yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86\_64.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm

\# mv CentOS7-Base-163.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/

\# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo //通过":1,$s/$releasever/7/gc"和":1,$s/$basearch/x86\_64/gc"查找和替换文件内容

\# yum clean all //清除yum缓存

\# yum makecache //重建缓存，以提高搜索软件包速度

\# yum update //更新系统（省略）

实例应用：

1 监控快速部署

监控需要安装http php nagios nagios-plugins NRPE软件包

yum install -y gd gd-devel openssl openssl-devel httpd php gcc glibc glib-common make wget

net-snmp

setenforce 0

iptables -F

安装nagios 源码包下载安装

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nagios-3.x/nagios-3.5.0/nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz/download

groupadd nagios

useradd -g nagios nagios

tar -zxf nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nagios

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

make all

make install

make install-init \#安装启动脚本

make install-commandmode \#安装与配置目录权限

make install-config \#安装配置文件模板

make install-webconf \#web监控界面配置

安装nagios-plugins和nrpe

wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagiosplug/nagiosplug/1.4.16/nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

tar -zxf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-1.4.16

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/

make && make install

wget wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.14/nrpe-2.14.tar.gz

tar -zxf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.14

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

chown -R nagions.nagions /usr/local/nagios

创建账户信息

htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagions/etc/htpasswd.users tomcat

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

service iptables save

**启动服务**

service httpd start

/etc/init.d/nagios start

chkconfig httpd on

chkconfig --add nagios

chkconfig nagios on

2 修改配置文件

nagios的配置文件较多，**主要位于/usr/local/nagios/etc 下**

nagios.conf 主配置文件

nrpe.cfg 远程监控配置文件

cgi.conf CGI配置文件

commands.cfg 命令定义文件

contacts.cfg 定义联系人文件

timepreriods.cfg 时间周期定义文件

tempaltes.cfg 对象定义参考模板

localhost.cfg 监控本机配置模板

printer.cfg 监控打印机模板

switch.cfg 监控交换模板

windows.cfg 监控Windows配置模板

很多配置文件无需修改可以直接使用

修改主配置文件nagios.cfg,主要是用cfg\_file配置加载其他配置文件。

**vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg**

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/web1.cfg

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/web2.cfg

修改CGI配置文件cgi.cfg,添加tomcat账户进来

**vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg**

default\_user\_name=tomcat

authorized\_for\_system\_information=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized\_for\_configuration\_information=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized\_for\_system\_commands=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized\_for\_all\_services=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized\_for\_all\_hosts=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized\_for\_all\_service\_commands=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized\_for\_all\_host\_commands=nagiosadmin,tomcat

修改命令配置文件command.cfg,定义命令实现的方式，如邮件报警，使用工具，内容格式等。

**vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg**

define command\{

command\_name check\_nrpe

command\_line $USER1$/check\_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -t 30 -c $ARG1$

define command\{

command\_name check\_nrpe\_args

command\_line $USER1$/check\_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -t 30 -c $ARG1$ -a $ARG2$

**修改联系人配置文件contacts.cfg 报警的联系人及联系方式**

define contact\{

contact\_name nagiosadmin

use generic-contact

alias Nagios Admin

email yourname@domain.com

修改报警时间周期timeperiods.cfg

**vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg**

define timeperiods\{

timeperiod\_name 24x7 \#监控所有时间段（7＊24小时）

alias 24 Hours A Day, 7 Days A Week

sunday 00:00-24:00

monday 00:00-24:00

tuesday 00:00-24:00

wednesday 00:00-24:00

thursday 00:00-24:00

friday 00:00-24:00

saturday 00:00-24:00

**修改本机的配置localhost.cfg**

define host\{

use linux-server

host\_name duangr-1

alias duangr-1

address 192.168.56.10

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description Host Alive

check\_command check-host-alive

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description Users

check\_command check\_local\_users!20!50

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description CPU

check\_command check\_local\_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description Disk Root

check\_command check\_local\_disk!20%!10%!/

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description Disk Home

check\_command check\_local\_disk!20%!10%!/export/home

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description Zombie Procs

check\_command check\_local\_procs!5!10!Z

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description Total Procs

check\_command check\_local\_procs!250!400!RSZDT

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-1

service\_description Swap Usage

check\_command check\_local\_swap!20!10

**修改模板文件templates.cfg**

**vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg**

\#联系人模板generic-contact

define contact\{

name generic-contact

service\_notification\_period 24x7

host\_notification\_period 24x7

service\_notification\_options w,u,c,r,f,s

host\_notification\_options d,u,r,f,s

service\_notification\_commands notify-service-by-email

host\_notification\_commands notify-host-by-email

\#定义generic-host主机模板

define host\{

name generic-host

notifications\_enabled 1

event\_handler\_enabled 1

flap\_detection\_enabled 1

failure\_prediction\_enabled 1

process\_perf\_data 1

retain\_status\_information 1

retain\_nonstatus\_information 1

notification\_period 24x7

\#定义Linux主机模板

define host\{

name linux-server

use generic-host

check\_period 24x7

check\_interval 5

retry\_interval 1

max\_check\_attempts 10

check\_command check-host-alive

notification\_period workhours

notification\_interval 120

notification\_options d,u,r

contact\_groups admins

创建远程监控web1.cfg

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/web1.cfg

define host\{

use linux-server

host\_name duangr-2

alias duangr-2

address 192.168.56.11

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description Host Alive

check\_command check-host-alive

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description Users

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_users!5 10

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description CPU

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_load!15,10,5 30,25,20

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description Disk Root

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_disk!20% 10% /

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description Disk /export/home

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_disk!20% 10% /export/home

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description Procs Zombie

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs!5 10 Z

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description Procs Total

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-w400 -c600" \}

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description Swap Usage

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_swap!20% 10%

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

;; 下面是一些常用进程的监控,主要是云平台相关进程

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

;; 监控crond进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: crond

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Ccrond" \}

;; 监控zookeeper进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: QuorumPeerMain

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.quorum.QuorumPeerMain" \}

;;监控storm的从节点进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: supervisor

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -adaemon.supervisor" \}

;; 监控storm的主节点进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: nimbus

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -adaemon.nimbus" \}

;; 监控MetaQ进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: MetaQ

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -ametamorphosis-server-w" \}

;; 监控Redis进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: redis-server

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Credis-server" \}

;; 监控hadoop主节点NameNode进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: NameNode

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.namenode.NameNode" \}

;; 监控hadoop主节点SecondaryNameNode进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: SecondaryNameNode

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.namenode.SecondaryNameNode" \}

;; 监控hadoop主节点ResourceManager进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: ResourceManager

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.resourcemanager.ResourceManager" \}

;; 监控hadoop从节点DataNode进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: DataNode

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.datanode.DataNode" \}

;;监控hadoop从节点NodeManager进程

define service\{

use local-service

host\_name duangr-2

service\_description PS: NodeManager

check\_command check\_nrpe\_args!check\_procs\_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.nodemanager.NodeManager" \}

由于duangr-2是远程主机,因此使用check\_nrpe\_args命令来监控.

/etc/init.d/nagios restart

快速定位配置文件问题所在命令

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -V /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

3 **被监控机安装软件 nagios-plugin nrpe**

yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

groupadd nagios

useradd -g nagios -s /sbin/nologin nagios

tar -zxf nagios-plugins-2.1.6.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-2.1.6

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/ --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

make && make install

tar -zxf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.14

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

修改客户端的NRPE配置文件

command\[check\_users\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_users -w 5 -c 10

command\[check\_load\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20

command\[check\_sda2\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2

command\[check\_swap\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/shm

command\[check\_home\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

command\[check\_zombie\_procs\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command\[check\_total\_procs\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_procs -w 200 -c 300

command\[check\_ping81\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_ping -H 10.155.0.1 -w 100.0,20% -c 500.0,60%\#

command\[check\_hda1\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_disk -w 20 -c 10 -p /dev/hda1

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d" >> /etc/rc.local

netstat -lnupt |grep 5666

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5666 -j ACCEPT

service iptables save

检查监控命令配置是否ok

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H localhost -c check\_users -a 5 10

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H localhost -c check\_load -a 15,10,5 30,25,20

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H localhost -c check\_disk -a 20% 10% /

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H localhost -c check\_procs -a 200 400 RSZDT

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H localhost -c check\_swap -a 20% 10%

没有问题就可以用浏览器访问nagios了

**二、安装Nagios**

**1、下载软件包并安装Nagios**

Nagios-4.2.1：

http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/nagios-4.x/nagios-4.2.1/nagios-4.2.1.tar.gz

Nagios-plugins-2.1.3：

https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.1.3.tar.gz

NRPE-3.0.1：

https://codeload.github.com/NagiosEnterprises/nrpe/tar.gz/3.0.1

官方安装文档：Nagios QuickstartInstallation Guides

https://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagioscore/docs/nagioscore/4/en/quickstart.html

\# yum install httpd php gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel

\# yum install unzip //编译所需，否则会报错。

\# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nagios

\# usermod -aG nagios apache

\# tar zxvf nagios-4.2.1.tar.gz

\# cd nagios-4.2.1/

\# make all

\# make install

\# make install-init

\# make install-config

\# make install-commandmode

\# make install-webconf

\# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

email xxx@xxx.com //修改nagios警告信息的邮件地址

\# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagios //配置登录账号和密码

**2、安装nagios-plugins插件**

\# tar zxvfnagios-plugins-2.1.3.tar.gz

\# cd nagios-plugins-2.1.3/

\# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

\# make

\# make install

\# chown -R nagios.nagios/usr/local/nagios/

\# systemctl enable httpd

\# systemctl start httpd

\# systemctl enable nagios

\# systemctl start nagios

\# /etc/init.d/nagios checkconfig //检查nagios配置文件是否有错误，或使用以下命令检查：

\# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

\# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http –permanent

\# firewall-cmd –reload

\# systemctl restart firewalld

使用[http://10.100.2.158/nagios][http_10.100.2.158_nagios]登录控制台，输入配置的账号密码即可登录。

[![wKiom1fo3t6jkVoQAAHA1QTH65w052.jpg][]][wKiom1fo3t6jkVoQAAHA1QTH65w052.jpg]

注：如果web管理员不是使用默认的nagiosadmin，需要修改cgi.cfg

\# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg

//把所有的nagiosadmin改为自定义的用户名，否则查看Services时会提示权限不够。

[![wKiom1fo4TqjdDWYAACuiYSp7tE237.jpg][]][wKiom1fo4TqjdDWYAACuiYSp7tE237.jpg]

默认HTTP会有告警信息，解决办法：在/var/www/html目录新建一个空白index.html文件即可。

\# touch /var/www/html/index.html

重启nagios和httpd服务，等待几分钟即恢复正常。

**3、安装NRPE插件**

\# tar zxvf nrpe-3.0.1.tar.gz

\# cd nrpe-3.0.1/

\# yum install openssl-devel //解决checking for SSL headers... configure: error: Cannotfind ssl headers错误问题

\# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl

\# make all //编译和安装nrpe

\# make install-plugin

\# make install-daemon

\# make install-config //注：nrpe3.0以下请使用\# make install-daemon-config

\# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d //启动nrpe服务

\# yum install net-tools

\# netstat –tnpl //可以看到5666端口已处于监听状态，说明nrpe服务已启动

\# echo “/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d” >> /etc/rc.local

\# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local //设置开机自启动，手动重启方法如下：

\# pkill nrpe && /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d

\# **vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg** //末尾增加以下内容

define command\{

command\_name check\_nrpe

command\_line $USER1$/check\_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

//允许check\_nrpe命令定义nagios服务，-c后面带的$ARG1$参数是传给nrpe daemon执行的检测命令，它必须是nrpe.cfg中所定义的命令。

//自定义的Servers下的cfg配置文件中使用check\_nrpe的时候要用”!”带上这个参数。

//可通过\# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe –h查看插件的命令参数。

\# mkdir /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers //创建servers监控配置文件集中存储目录

\# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg //修改配置文件

cfg\_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers //启用此规则，即默认读取处理此目录下的配置文件

4、添加客户端（Client被监控端）

1>、**客户端安装NRPE和插件nagios-plugins**

下载所需软件包

nagios-plugins-2.1.3.tar.gz

nrpe-3.0.1.tar.gz

新建用户

\# useradd –M –s /sbin/nologinnagios

**先安装nagios-plugins（NRPE依赖于nagios-plugins）**

\# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.1.3.tar.gz

\# cd nagios-plugins-2.1.3

\# ./configure--with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

\# make all

\# make install

**再安装NRPE**

\# yum install openssl-devel

\# tar zxvf nrpe-3.0.1.tar.gz

\# cd nrpe-3.0.1

\# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl

\# make all

\# make install-plugin

\# make install-daemon

\# make install-config

\# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ //查看安装成功的NRPE插件，有check\_nrpe说明安装成功

\# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg //配置nrpe

allowed\_hosts=127.0.0.1,10.100.2.158 //添加服务端IP

dont\_blame\_nrpe=1 //把0改为1，允许命令参数

\#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d //启动nrpe服务

为了便于NRPE服务的启动，可以定义一个/etc/init.d/nrpe脚本

\# vim /etc/init.d/nrpe //输入以下内容：

\#!/bin/bash

\# chkconfig: 2345 88 12

\# description: NRPE DAEMON

NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe

NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

case "$1" in

start)

echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."

$NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d

echo " done."

;;

stop)

echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."

pkill -u nagios nrpe

echo " done."

;;

restart)

$0 stop

sleep 2

$0 start

;;

\*)

echo "Usage: $0start|stop|restart"

;;

esac

exit 0

\# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nrpe //赋予脚本执行权限，即可以通过systemctl或service执行启动，停止了。

\# service nrpe start //启动nrpe

\#echo “/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d” >> /etc/rc.local

或\# chkconfig nrpe on //设置为开机自启动

\# netstat –tnlp //查看5666端口是否成功启动

测试监控主机和被监控设备之间的连通性（Server上）：

\#/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H 10.100.2.200

NRPE v3.0.1 //通信成功

2>、Server监控端创建Client被监控端配置文件

\# **vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/test.cfg** //监控主机上新建Client端配置文件

define host\{

use linux-server

host\_name commission

alias commission

address 10.100.2.200

max\_check\_attempts 5

check\_period 24x7

notification\_interval 30

notification\_period 24x7

define service\{

use generic-service

host\_name commission

service\_description PING

check\_command check\_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%

define service\{

use generic-service

host\_name commission

service\_description SSH

check\_command check\_ssh

notifications\_enabled 0 ;disable notification

define service\{

use generic-service

host\_name commission

service\_description CPU

check\_command check\_nrpe!check\_cpu

notifications\_enabled 1

define service\{

use generic-service

host\_name commission

service\_description Physical Memory

check\_command check\_nrpe!check\_mem

notifications\_enabled 1

//可以以templates.cfg模板进行修改

关于check\_cpu和check\_mem自定义插件的使用方法（插件见附件）：

2.1从官网下载需要的插件，注意修改+x执行权限和属性

2.2修改Client端配置：修改nrpe.cfg，增加以下内容

command\[check\_mem\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_mem -w 10 -c 5

command\[check\_cpu\]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_cpu -w 80 -c 90

2.3重启nrpe服务

\# **pkill nrpe&&/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d**

2.4修改Server端配置：修改test.cfg，在define service中定义check\_command

check\_command check\_nrpe!check\_mem

check\_command check\_nrpe!check\_cpu

3>、利用NSClicent++监控远程Windows系统

下载插件包NSCP-0.4.4.19-x64.msi

在Windows客户端安装插件包：

![wKiom1fuASiw0zYTAAHibsedLsU348.png][]

查看服务是否启动，勾选登录中的“允许服务与桌面交互”

[![wKiom1fuAYGwrzdoAANNKghjEpM605.png][]][wKiom1fuAYGwrzdoAANNKghjEpM605.png]

安装完成查看启动的端口，5666是nrpe，12489是NSClient++

[![wKioL1fuAZiBKLcoAACLVIDWWhk865.jpg][]][wKioL1fuAZiBKLcoAACLVIDWWhk865.jpg]

在监控主机的commands.cfg配置文件中修改以下部分，添加-s 密码：

\# **vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg**

\# 'check\_nt' command definition

define command\{

command\_name check\_nt

command\_line $USER1$/check\_nt -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p 12489 -s 123456 -v $ARG1$ $ARG2$

添加监控客户端：

\# **vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg**

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg //启用windows监控，如果有添加启用cfg\_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers目录则需要注释掉windows.cfg，否则会有冲突

以windows.cfg为模板，添加新的windows服务器

\# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/wintest.cfg

//修改配置中的host\_name，IP地址等。

\# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nt -H 10.100.2.189 -p 12489 -s 123456 -v UPTIME

//测试客户端连通性（注意有特殊符号需要单引号），以下信息表示连接正常。

System Uptime - 20 day(s) 4 hour(s)11 minute(s) |uptime=29051

\# **/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg //测试配置**

\# **systemctl restart nagios** //重启nagios服务

默认check\_nt!MEMUSE!-w 80 –c 90监控的是物理内存和虚拟内存的总和，单独监控物理内存方法：

1） 修改Client的nsclient.ini文件三个选项：

\[/settings/NRPE/server\]下的insecure = true、verify mode = none、allow arguments = true

修改完成后，通过\# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H 10.100.2.189测试连通性，

I (0.4.4.19 2015-12-08) seem to bedoing fine...表示连接正常，如果提示

CHECK\_NRPE: Error - Couldnot complete SSL handshake.则表示未修改正确。

查看监控显示结果：

\# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H 10.100.2.189 -p 5666 -c CheckMEM -a MaxWarn=80% MaxCrit=90% type=physicalShowAll

2） 修改Server的commands.cfg文件，定义物理内存监控服务

define command\{

command\_name check\_winmem

command\_line $USER1$/check\_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p 5666-c CheckMEM -a MaxWarn=$ARG1$% MaxCrit=$ARG2$% ShowAll=long type=physical

3） 修改Server的客户端配置文件xenapp.cfg，定义监控内容

define service\{

use generic-service

host\_name xenapp

service\_description PhysicalMemory

check\_command check\_winmem!80!90

4） 检测配置文件是否有错误：\# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

5） 重启nagios服务：\# systemctl restart nagios

**三、安装Cacti**

1、下载软件包并安装

Cacti-0.8.8h：

http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.8h.tar.gz

Cacti-spine-0.8.8h：

http://www.cacti.net/downloads/spine/cacti-spine-0.8.8h.tar.gz

官方安装手册：

http://docs.cacti.net/manual:088:1\_installation.1\_install\_unix

配置安装环境：

\#yum install httpd php php-mysql php-snmp php-xml mariadb mariadb-server

**2、安装RRDtool工具**

\# yum install rrdtool

\# rrdtool -h

**3、安装SNMP服务**

\# yum install net-snmp net-snmp-utils

\# systemctl enable snmpd

\# systemctl start snmpd

**4、安装cacti-spine（高效采集器）**

\# yum install net-snmp-devel mariadb-devel openssl-devel

\# yum install autoconf automake binutils dos2unix gcc cpplibtool glibc-devel glibc-headers kernel-headers

\# yum install wget patch

\# tar zxvf cacti-spine-0.8.8h.tar.gz

\# cd cacti-spine-0.8.8h/

\# aclocal

\# libtoolize –force

\# autoheader

\# autoconf

\# automake

\# ./configure

\# make

\# make install

\# cp /usr/local/spine/bin/spine /usr/bin/spine

\# cp /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf.dist /etc/spine.conf

\# chown nagios.nagios /etc/spine.conf

\# vim /etc/spine.conf

DB\_Host localhost

DB\_Database cacti

DB\_User cactiuser

DB\_Pass 123456

DB\_Port 3306

\# /usr/bin/spine //执行检查是否有错，安装完cacti后再执行

**5、创建cacti数据库**

启动数据库：

\# systemctl enable mariadb

\# systemctl start mariadb

\# mysqladmin -uroot password 'rootpasswd' //Mariadb默认密码为空，先设置密码

\# mysql -uroot -p //使用root权限账号登录

create database cacti; //创建数据库

grant all on cacti.\* to cactiuser@'localhost' identified by '123456'; //授于本地登录权限

**6、安装cacti程序**

\# tar zxvf cacti-0.8.8h.tar.gz

\# mv cacti-0.8.8h /var/www/html/cacti

\# mysql -u cactiuser -p cacti</var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sql //导入数据库

\# chmod -R 777 /var/www/html/cacti/rra //授于rra和log文件夹777权限

\# chmod -R 777 /var/www/html/cacti/log

\# /usr/bin/spine //显示以下内容表示连接正常

SPINE:Using spine config file \[/etc/spine.conf\]

SPINE:Version 0.8.8h starting

SPINE:Time: 0.0455 s, Threads: 5, Hosts: 2

**7、修改cacti全局配置文件**

\# vim /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php

修改默认数据库名及连接数据库的用户名和密码

$database\_default= "cacti";

$database\_username= "cactiuser";

$database\_password= "123456";

修改cacti系统时区，否则php会有告警日志信息

\# vim /var/www/html/cacti/include/global.php //增加一行

date\_default\_timezone\_set('Asia/Shanghai');

**8、添加RRDtool抓图任务计划**

\# crontab -e

输入以下任务计划：

\*/5 \* \* \*\* /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php >> /tmp/cacti\_rrdtool.log2>&1

9、配置SELinux

测试php模块是否正常，http://10.100.2.158/phpinfo.php

\#vim phpinfo.php //在html首页目录下

<?php phpinfo();?> //测试完成后删除文件

\-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

测试Mysql数据库的连接是否正常，http://10.100.2.158/mysqltest.php

\#vim mysqltest.php //html首页目录下，名称随意起

<?php $link=mysql\_connect(‘127.0.0.1’,’cactiuser’,’123456’);

If($link) echo “connect success!”;

else echo “connect fail!”;?>

**测试数据库连接性前，需要修改sebool值：在SELinux启用情况下，php连接mysql测试会失败**

\#getsebool -a |grep httpd\_can\_network\_connect //查看httpd进程连接模式，默认为off

\#setsebool -P httpd\_can\_network\_connect=1 //启用连接后即可测试正常

\------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

配置SELinux上下文，否则访问cacti时会提示禁止访问：

\# **yum install policycoreutils-python //安装semanage工具，默认未安装**

\# ls -Zd cacti/ //查看当前cacti目录的上下文，为admin\_home\_t

\# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd\_sys\_content\_t '/var/www/html/cacti(/.\*)?' //定义cacti目录的上下文规则

\# restorecon -RFvv cacti/ //更改cacti目录的上下文

修改完成后重启httpd

\# **vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg**

\# 'check\_nt' command definition

define command\{

command\_name check\_nt

command\_line $USER1$/check\_nt -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p 12489 -s 123456 -v $ARG1$ $ARG2$

添加监控客户端：

\# **vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg**

cfg\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg //启用windows监控，如果有添加启用cfg\_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers目录则需要注释掉windows.cfg，否则会有冲突

以windows.cfg为模板，添加新的windows服务器

\# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/wintest.cfg

//修改配置中的host\_name，IP地址等。

\# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nt -H 10.100.2.189 -p 12489 -s 123456 -v UPTIME

//测试客户端连通性（注意有特殊符号需要单引号），以下信息表示连接正常。

System Uptime - 20 day(s) 4 hour(s)11 minute(s) |uptime=29051

\# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg //测试配置

\# systemctl restart nagios //重启nagios服务

默认check\_nt!MEMUSE!-w 80 –c 90监控的是物理内存和虚拟内存的总和，单独监控物理内存方法：

1） 修改Client的nsclient.ini文件三个选项：

\[/settings/NRPE/server\]下的insecure = true、verify mode = none、allow arguments = true

修改完成后，通过\# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H 10.100.2.189测试连通性，

I (0.4.4.19 2015-12-08) seem to bedoing fine...表示连接正常，如果提示

CHECK\_NRPE: Error - Couldnot complete SSL handshake.则表示未修改正确。

查看监控显示结果：

\# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check\_nrpe -H 10.100.2.189 -p 5666 -c CheckMEM -a MaxWarn=80% MaxCrit=90% type=physicalShowAll

2） 修改Server的commands.cfg文件，定义物理内存监控服务

define command\{

command\_name check\_winmem

command\_line $USER1$/check\_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p 5666-c CheckMEM -a MaxWarn=$ARG1$% MaxCrit=$ARG2$% ShowAll=long type=physical

3） 修改Server的客户端配置文件xenapp.cfg，定义监控内容

define service\{

use generic-service

host\_name xenapp

service\_description PhysicalMemory

check\_command check\_winmem!80!90

4） 检测配置文件是否有错误：\# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

5） 重启nagios服务：\# systemctl restart nagios

四、Nagios和Cacti整合

1、安装Ndoutils

Ndoutils是Nagios的一个插件，可以用来把nagios获取的数据导入mysql数据库中，也可以实现与cacti的插件NPC的集成。.

注：Nagios4.2.1至少需要Ndoutils2.1.0及以上版本，否则不兼容

下载Ndoutils

[http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/ndoutils-2.x/ndoutils-2.1.1/ndoutils-2.1.1.tar.gz][http_nchc.dl.sourceforge.net_project_nagios_ndoutils-2.x_ndoutils-2.1.1_ndoutils-2.1.1.tar.gz]

安装Ndoutils：

\# tar zxvf ndoutils-2.1.1.tar.gz

\# cd ndoutils-2.1.1/

\# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/ --enable-mysql --with-ndo2db-user=nagios --with-ndo2db-group=nagios

\# make all

\# make install

准备配置文件：

\# cd db

\# ./installdb -ucactiuser -p123456 -h localhost -d cacti

//导入mysql.sql，可省略，cacti的npc插件会自动生成相关数据库表。

\# cd ..

\# cp src/\{ndomod-4x.o,ndo2db-4x,log2ndo,file2sock\} /usr/local/nagios/bin/

//nagios是4.x的版本就使用-4x，如果是3.x版本则复制对应的-3x。

\# cp config/ndo2db.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

\# cp config/ndomod.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

\# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc

\# chown nagios.nagiosndo2db.cfg ndomod.cfg

\# chmod 664 ndo2db.cfgndomod.cfg

\# cd /usr/local/nagios/bin/

\# mv ndo2db-4x ndo2db

\# mv ndomod-4x.o ndomod.o

\# chown nagios.nagios \*

修改配置文件：

\# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

socket\_type=tcp

tcp\_port=5668

db\_servertype=mysql

db\_host=localhost

db\_port=3306

db\_name=cacti

db\_prefix=npc\_

db\_user=cactiuser

db\_pass=123456 //密码不能加引号

debug\_level=1

\# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

output\_type=tcpsocket

output=127.0.0.1

\# vim/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

在末尾添加以下内容：

broker\_module=/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndomod.o config\_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

// broker\_module和config\_file放在一行，中间空格隔开。

修改以下选项：

event\_broker\_options=-1 //默认选项，无需修改。为nagios开启event broker

process\_performance\_data=1

启动守护进程和nagios：

\# /usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

\# netstat –tnlp //可以查看5668端口处于监听状态

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5668 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 30411/ndo2db

\# tail -20 /var/log/messages //查看是否有报错

新建启动脚本和服务，以便开机自动启动：

\# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/ndo2db //新建脚本，如下：

\#!/bin/bash

\#Start ndo2db service

/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

\# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/ndo2db

\# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/ndo2db /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/S98ndo2db

\# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/ndo2db /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S98ndo2db

\# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/ndo2db /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S98ndo2db

//设置235运行级别自动运行(启动顺序98，nagios为99)

如果日志/var/log/messages有以下信息

错误：Sep 23 13:38:10nagios\_cacti nagios: ndomod: Still unable to connect to data sink. 0 items lost, 368 queued items to flush.

原因：Ndoutils需要先启动才能再启动Nagios，否则会报错。

解决办法：

\# systemctl stop nagios

\# pkill ndo2db

\#/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

\# systemctl start nagios

2、安装Npc插件

全称Nagios Plugin for Cacti，将nagios的数据通过ndo2db导入到mysql数据库（前面设置的npc\_开头的表），然后cacti读取数据库信息将nagios的结果通过NPC展示出来。

下载插件：NPC

[http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/gibtmirdas/npc-2.0.4.tar.gz][http_jaist.dl.sourceforge.net_project_gibtmirdas_npc-2.0.4.tar.gz]

\# tar zxvf npc-2.0.4.tar.gz

\# mv npc /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/

\# chown -R nagios.nagios /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/

\# cd /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/

配置SELinux上下文，否则在插件管理页面会显示no plugins found：

\# ls -Zd npc/ //查看当前npc上下文，为admin\_home\_t

\# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd\_sys\_content\_t '/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/npc(/.\*)?' //定义npc上下文规则

\# restorecon -RFvv npc/ //更改npc的上下文

登录cacti控制台，打开Plugin Management页面，找到Npc插件，点击install Plugin->enable Plugin，此时graphs旁边就有了npc选项了

[![wKioL1frhnPAzQ-yAAC-utYK5fE271.png][]][wKioL1frhnPAzQ-yAAC-utYK5fE271.png]

修改npc配置：Configuration->Settings->NPC，如下图：

勾选Remote Commands，输入Nagios Command File Path\[/usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.cmd\]，Nagios URL\[http://10.100.2.158/nagios/\]，勾选Host Icons、Service Icons，Save保存。

[![wKiom1frhtDDySvRAAFrQlAurtU754.png][]][wKiom1frhtDDySvRAAFrQlAurtU754.png]

重启相关服务：

\# systemctl stop nagios

\# systemctl restartmariadb

\# systemctl restart httpd

\# /usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db -c /usr/local/nagios//etc/ndo2db.cfg

\# systemctl start nagios

\# tail -20/var/log/messages //此时查看日志会有错误信息

修改mysql数据库表：

\# mysql -ucactiuser -p

use cacti;

Nagios4.0及以上版本sql脚本（蓝色字体为4.0以下脚本）：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS \`npc\_service\_parentservices\` (

\`service\_parentservice\_id\` int(11) NOT NULL auto\_increment,

\`instance\_id\` smallint(6) NOT NULL default '0',

\`service\_id\` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',

\`parent\_service\_object\_id\` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',

PRIMARY KEY (\`service\_parentservice\_id\`),

UNIQUE KEY \`instance\_id\` (\`service\_id\`,\`parent\_service\_object\_id\`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM COMMENT='Parent services';

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_hostchecks\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_hoststatus\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_servicechecks\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_servicestatus\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_statehistory\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_eventhandlers\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_systemcommands\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_notifications\` ADD COLUMN \`long\_output\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`output\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_services\` ADD COLUMN \`importance\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`icon\_image\_alt\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_hosts\` ADD COLUMN \`importance\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`z\_3d\`;

ALTER TABLE \`npc\_contacts\` ADD COLUMN \`minimum\_importance\` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER \`notify\_host\_downtime\`;

[![wKioL1fweyTjfoySAAGj3fMU7s0891.jpg][]][wKioL1fweyTjfoySAAGj3fMU7s0891.jpg]

3、安装Settings、Thold、Monitor、realtime等插件

下载地址：[http://docs.cacti.net/plugins][http_docs.cacti.net_plugins]

解压缩后，移动到plugins目录，例如：

\# tar zxvf settings-v0.71-1.tgz

\# mv settings /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/ //其他插件类似

\# chown -R nagios.nagios /var/www/html/cacti/plugins

\# restorecon -RFvv /var/www/html/cacti/plugins

打开Plugin Management页面，选择相关插件Install Plugint->Enable Plugin

插件配置和使用：

1、 使用monitor插件

a. 打开“Console → Settings → Misc”，可以调整Monitor的各项配置。

例如：勾选“Show Icon Legend”可以在监控页面显示图例，“View”可以选用Tiles类型，以显示设备状态表格。

b. 为cacti添加新设备时，勾选上“Monitor Host”项。对已添加的设备可以通过“Management → Devices”进去修改。

c. 单击Web页面上方的“monitor”标签链接，可以进入查看各设备/主机的状态图示。

2、 使用realtime插件

安装完realtime，在每一个监控图边上，都会有一个小图标，此时点击这个小图标，不会出来实时的数据，会报“The Image Cache Directorydirectory does not exist. Please first create it and set permissions and thenattempt to open another realtime graph”。

提示出没有Cache目录以及权限等的错误，需要进一步配置后才能取到数据。

a. 设置Cache目录及权限

\# cd /var/www/html/cacti/

\# mkdir cache

\# chown –R nagios.nagios cache

\# chmod –R 777 cache

\# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd\_cache\_t '/var/www/html/cacti/cache(/.\*)?'

\# restorecon -RFvv cache/

b. 登录cacti网页

打开“Console →Settings → Misc”，设置“Cache Diredtiory”为“/var/www/html/cacti/cache”,保存后会出现 \[OK: DIRFOUND\]

此时再点击上图的小图标就会出来数据了，如果启用SELinux，注意修改设置否则提示无写入权限。

3、 使用thold插件

使用thold之前先要配置email参数

a. 配置email参数

\# yum install mailx,sendmail

\# systemctl mask postfix

\# systemctl enable sendmail

\# systemctl start sendmail

[![wKiom1ghjP\_hzF-iAAL-N8A-x-8008.jpg][wKiom1ghjP_hzF-iAAL-N8A-x-8008.jpg]][wKiom1ghjP_hzF-iAAL-N8A-x-8008.jpg]

b. 设置thold模板

c. 创建通知列表（可省略）

d. 创建告警模板

e. 告警的项

4、绘制Nagios监控图

基本流程：定义数据输入方法－定义数据模版－定义绘图模版

打开需要绘图服务的详细信息：

[![wKioL1ghjhXTpDHaAAA-tmO8rg4870.png][]][wKioL1ghjhXTpDHaAAA-tmO8rg4870.png]

点击“Data Input Method”，选择Yes往cacti里引入一条数据输入脚本

[![wKioL1ghjkKjweSjAADHtcCK2kU326.png][]][wKioL1ghjkKjweSjAADHtcCK2kU326.png]

此时在Cacti主控制台的Data Input Methods页面就有了一条新的记录

[![wKiom1ghjmeyL-jcAABg3o1d6qA902.png][]][wKiom1ghjmeyL-jcAABg3o1d6qA902.png]

下面Output Fields栏显示的是这个输入方法定义的输出字段名，下面要定义的数据模版就要引用这些字段（没有这些字段可以参考Unix – Get Load Average新增）

[![wKioL1ghjoyClCadAAB59MAW4IY499.png][]][wKioL1ghjoyClCadAAB59MAW4IY499.png]

在Console控制台的Data Templates页面，新建一个数据模板（可以通过已有模板复制），如下：

[![wKiom1ghjrfRXZH1AACeNPYtsOA166.png][]][wKiom1ghjrfRXZH1AACeNPYtsOA166.png]

输入新建模板的名称，Data Input Method改为上面新增的[NPC - Perfdata - commission: CPU][NPC - Perfdata - commission_ CPU]，勾选上Hourly（1 Minute Average），Step值改为60。另外注意检查Output Field的值和Data Source Item名称是否相对应。如下图：

[![wKioL1ghjt-CGzjrAADWoFCfC9U601.png][]][wKioL1ghjt-CGzjrAADWoFCfC9U601.png]

在Console的Graph Templates页面，新建一个绘图模板，方法同上，可以选择一条类似的模板复制生成，然后再修改。

[![wKioL1ghjwXQ\_gMRAACUk2K2xnI388.png][wKioL1ghjwXQ_gMRAACUk2K2xnI388.png]][wKioL1ghjwXQ_gMRAACUk2K2xnI388.png]

中间Graph Item Inputs有三个数据源，这是绘图的三个输入数据项名称。每个数据项又是引用的上面Graph Item中的某项。如下图：

[![wKioL1ghjySRqHpdAABkSXELBJA491.png][]][wKioL1ghjySRqHpdAABkSXELBJA491.png]

分别打开Item \# 1至\# 6，修改Data Source为上面新建的相对应时间的数据源，如下：

[![wKiom1ghj0bAyJ8kAACM3puIz5s450.png][]][wKiom1ghj0bAyJ8kAACM3puIz5s450.png]

新增设备：同Cacti添加设备操作，在Devices页面，点击ADD添加

[![wKiom1ghj2uAHqoSAADGOGZXIsU859.png][]][wKiom1ghj2uAHqoSAADGOGZXIsU859.png]

再在Graph Trees添加主机

[![wKiom1ghj5OTnHDBAABK\_q9V4K0193.png][wKiom1ghj5OTnHDBAABK_q9V4K0193.png]][wKiom1ghj5OTnHDBAABK_q9V4K0193.png]

然后在graphs控制台就可以看到新增加的绘制的图像了

[![wKioL1ghj7vQ\_TaUAABzdW1uX0o483.png][wKioL1ghj7vQ_TaUAABzdW1uX0o483.png]][wKioL1ghj7vQ_TaUAABzdW1uX0o483.png]

把绘图添加到Graph Trees几分钟后就可以看到图表了，如果没有，检查下rra目录权限是否正确。或者直接用npc的那个脚本看能不能获取数据，在Data Input Methods里点开自己定义的数据输入方法，可以查到npc里自己这个服务的编号。然后用php -q 路径/perfdata.php --type=service --id=服务编号，看能不能获取到数据。如下：

[![wKiom1ghj-OwJSNMAAAPLP1eWfs426.png][]][wKiom1ghj-OwJSNMAAAPLP1eWfs426.png]

整合完成后在NPC里查看监控图时显示不了，查看图片的URL地址发现路径不对，如下：http://10.100.2.158/graph\_image.php?action=view&local\_graph\_id=17&rra\_id=1

[![wKioL1ghkAzQoF7gAAA3Hp6v5Ag335.png][]][wKioL1ghkAzQoF7gAAA3Hp6v5Ag335.png]

正确路径为：/cacti/graph\_image.php

解决办法：修改/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/npc/目录下的以下js文件

js/src/monitoring/services/serviceDetail.js

js/src/monitoring/services/services.js

js/src/monitoring/hosts/hosts.js

js/src/monitoring/hosts/hostDetail.js

js/src/npc.js

js/npc-all-min.js

把/graph\_image.php?这一串修改为：/cacti/graph\_image.php?即添加/cacti/目录即可

可使用以下查找替换命令：

:1,$s/\\/graph\_image.php?/\\/cacti\\/graph\_image.php?/gc

修改完成后清空浏览器缓存，再重新打开就可以看到图像了。

[http_10.100.2.158_nagios]: http://10.100.2.158/nagios
[wKiom1fo3t6jkVoQAAHA1QTH65w052.jpg]: /images/20220710/07ff1ab363a84c4da6226a20cc38dadc.png
[wKiom1fo4TqjdDWYAACuiYSp7tE237.jpg]: /images/20220710/71f2555225ed4708a280a89e4ca6c7da.png
[wKiom1fuASiw0zYTAAHibsedLsU348.png]: /images/20220710/1bdbe77c2bb24b1e867840d15ffbfc42.png
[wKiom1fuAYGwrzdoAANNKghjEpM605.png]: /images/20220710/bab6e179ada14c91bf304b669bc143ed.png
[wKioL1fuAZiBKLcoAACLVIDWWhk865.jpg]: /images/20220710/eb50047a365c4d02b59674ed84e4d44f.png
[http_nchc.dl.sourceforge.net_project_nagios_ndoutils-2.x_ndoutils-2.1.1_ndoutils-2.1.1.tar.gz]: http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/ndoutils-2.x/ndoutils-2.1.1/ndoutils-2.1.1.tar.gz
[http_jaist.dl.sourceforge.net_project_gibtmirdas_npc-2.0.4.tar.gz]: http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/gibtmirdas/npc-2.0.4.tar.gz
[wKioL1frhnPAzQ-yAAC-utYK5fE271.png]: /images/20220710/a6b66bb647f04804834004711a933763.png
[wKiom1frhtDDySvRAAFrQlAurtU754.png]: /images/20220710/41d6110497a84770adfe6cf8a943a0fc.png
[wKioL1fweyTjfoySAAGj3fMU7s0891.jpg]: /images/20220710/fc68ea1444634930ba7efef1af53f3b1.png
[http_docs.cacti.net_plugins]: http://docs.cacti.net/plugins
[wKiom1ghjP_hzF-iAAL-N8A-x-8008.jpg]: /images/20220710/fd832ba9e59c4c9792f1e1cbdd1cc285.png
[wKioL1ghjhXTpDHaAAA-tmO8rg4870.png]: /images/20220710/6851ada4340c47c6871c4067914405b2.png
[wKioL1ghjkKjweSjAADHtcCK2kU326.png]: /images/20220710/ff78ae0bf0d04038b28d5648e3e48aaf.png
[wKiom1ghjmeyL-jcAABg3o1d6qA902.png]: /images/20220710/08611624ddb9419fb936704e84ad3fda.png
[wKioL1ghjoyClCadAAB59MAW4IY499.png]: /images/20220710/7c28f29f6be04ee291870834a30db3c7.png
[wKiom1ghjrfRXZH1AACeNPYtsOA166.png]: /images/20220710/4f4f7c1dd18d4633bc1ce67e9b1640b6.png
[NPC - Perfdata - commission_ CPU]: http://10.100.2.158/cacti/data_input.php?action=edit&id=13
[wKioL1ghjt-CGzjrAADWoFCfC9U601.png]: /images/20220710/4111f63f062645f8b68608311faef575.png
[wKioL1ghjwXQ_gMRAACUk2K2xnI388.png]: /images/20220710/e7f1e8fbb35f484799b5a4edeeacb3db.png
[wKioL1ghjySRqHpdAABkSXELBJA491.png]: /images/20220710/734bc3d0bcf7418ea2417965c42cd7d8.png
[wKiom1ghj0bAyJ8kAACM3puIz5s450.png]: /images/20220710/3968890f75804b25b887cf3b9ff1fe65.png
[wKiom1ghj2uAHqoSAADGOGZXIsU859.png]: /images/20220710/ff378d955a8e421ba754a74303228098.png
[wKiom1ghj5OTnHDBAABK_q9V4K0193.png]: /images/20220710/4e9657efb12d42d4a73187904b3e6cf6.png
[wKioL1ghj7vQ_TaUAABzdW1uX0o483.png]: /images/20220710/ebf5db42370e46eba74b45cb226f9304.png
[wKiom1ghj-OwJSNMAAAPLP1eWfs426.png]: /images/20220710/7ed6543b273540d2ad56548b7b10ee4a.png
[wKioL1ghkAzQoF7gAAA3Hp6v5Ag335.png]: /images/20220710/aa4c159f58d2425b8f4a6168cac21ba5.png