Red Hat Linux安装CentOS的yum源

水深无声 2022-07-12 08:07 214阅读 0赞

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   <td style="padding:5px 12px; width:25px; font-size:22px; text-align:center; background:rgb(232,232,232); line-height:30px; color:rgb(153,153,153)"> 导读</td> 
   <td style="padding:10px 10px 12px; line-height:20px"><span style="">RedHat凭借其卓越的稳定性和强大的服务占领着企业linux大部分市场，系统本身免费，但是其服务却是收费的，例如其软件包管理服务yum。不想出钱那就自己配置yum源就好了，因为yum在线更新是收费的，未注册则不能使用，这个是要填序列号激活的，解决办法是更换为CentOS的yum。</span></td> 
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设置步骤

![Red Hat Linux安装CentOS的yum源Red Hat Linux安装CentOS的yum源][Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum_Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum]

1. 查询原有的yum

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -qa |grep yum 
    yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch 
    yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686 
    yum-utils-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch 
    yum-plugin-security-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch 
    yum-3.2.29-75.el6.centos.noarch 
    yum-rhn-plugin-0.9.1-43.el6.noarch

2. 删除原有的yum

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e –nodeps 
    [root@orcl ~]# rpm -qa |grep yum 
    [root@orcl ~]#

3. 查询原有yum配置

[root@orcl ~]# whereis yum 
    yum: /etc/yum 
    [root@orcl ~]# rm -fr /etc/yum

4. 下载需要的安装包  
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/os/i386/Packages/  
系统为32的，所以我选择i386。64的自行查找x86\_64。  
可以使用

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/os/i386/Packages/yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

下载

yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm 
    yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm 
    yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpm 
    Python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

5. 安装python

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-….noarch.rpm 
    warning: python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY 
    error: Failed dependencies: 
    python(abi) = 2.7 is needed by python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch

当前安装版本与服务器不兼容，退后一个版本再试。  
查看当前发行版本号

cat /etc/issue

遇到的错误

![Red Hat Linux安装CentOS的yum源Red Hat Linux安装CentOS的yum源][Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum_Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum 1]

系统位数与安装程序包位数不一致 file /bin/ls

error: Failed dependencies: 
    libc.so.6()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 
    libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 
    libglib-2.0.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 
    libpthread.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 
    libpython2.6.so.1.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 
    libsqlite3.so.0()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 
    libxml2.so.2()(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 
    libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.4.30)(64bit) is needed by yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64

重新下载32位程序包

[root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm 
    Preparing… ########################################### [100%] 
    package python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch is already installed 
    [root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpm 
    Preparing… ########################################### [100%] 
    1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [100%] 
    [root@orcl ~]# rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm 
    Preparing… ########################################### [100%] 
    1:yum-plugin-fastestmirro########################################### [ 50%] 
    2:yum ########################################### [100%] 
    [root@orcl ~]#

注意最后两个包必需同时安装，否则会相互依赖  
更改yum源（使用网易的CentOS镜像源）

[root@localhost yum]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ 
    [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf * 
    [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo 
    [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo

将所有 $releasever 修改为具体的版本号，我这里写的是6.8，这个自己打开（http://mirrors.163.com/centos）找一下就可以。

# CentOS-Base.repo
    #
    # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
    # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
    # geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
    # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
    #
    # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
    # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
    #
    #
    
    [base]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/os/$basearch/
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
    
    #released updates 
    [updates]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/updates/$basearch/
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
    
    #additional packages that may be useful
    [extras]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/extras/$basearch/
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
    
    #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
    [centosplus]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/centosplus/$basearch/
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
    gpgcheck=1
    enabled=0
    gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
    
    #contrib - packages by Centos Users
    [contrib]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - 163.com
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.8/contrib/$basearch/
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
    gpgcheck=1
    enabled=0
    gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

清理yum缓存

yum clean all

显示已安程序包及可安程序包

yum list

可以按要求更新程序包或安装

yum update / yum install 包名

到此结束了，亲们。

> 本文转载自：http://www.linuxprobe.com/centos-linux-yum.html
> 
> 免费提供最新Linux技术教程书籍，为开源技术爱好者努力做得更多更好，开源站点：http://www.linuxprobe.com/

[Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum_Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum]: /images/20220711/8f9c583466554f37adec960462f8479c.png
[Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum_Red Hat Linux_CentOS_yum 1]: /images/20220711/c3df01931a4f4d8b88a67c1a510581ea.png