Hadoop学习之网络爬虫+分词+倒排索引实现搜索引擎案例

清疚 2022-06-18 08:25 154阅读 0赞

本项目实现的是：自己写一个网络爬虫，对搜狐(或者csdn)爬取新闻(博客)标题,然后把这些新闻标题和它的链接地址上传到hdfs多个文件上，一个文件对应一个标题和链接地址，然后通过分词技术对每个文件中的标题进行分词，分词后建立倒排索引以此来实现搜索引擎的功能，建立倒排索引不熟悉的朋友可以看看我上篇博客  
[Hadoop–倒排索引过程详解][Hadoop]

首先 要自己写一个网络爬虫

由于我开始写爬虫的时候用了htmlparser，把所有搜到的链接存到队列，并且垂直搜索，这个工作量太大，爬了一个小时还没爬完造成了我电脑的死机，所以，现在我就去掉了垂直搜索，只爬搜狐的主页的新闻文章链接

不多说，看代码

首先看下载工具类，解释看注释

package com.yc.spider;
    
    import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
    import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
    import java.net.MalformedURLException;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.text.DateFormat;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Random;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import java.util.Set;
    import java.util.regex.Matcher;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;
    /**
     * 下载工具类
     * @author 汤高 
     *
     */
    public class DownLoadTool {
          
        /**
         * 下载页面的内容
         * 就是根据地址下载整个html标签
         * 
         * @param addr
         * @return
         */
        public String downLoadUrl(final String addr) {
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            try {
                URL url;
                if(addr.startsWith("http://")==false){
                    String urladdr=addr+"http://";
                     url = new URL(urladdr);
                }else{
                System.out.println(addr);
                url = new URL(addr);
                }
                HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                con.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                con.connect();
                if (con.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                    BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(con
                            .getInputStream());
                    Scanner sc = new Scanner(bis,"gbk");
                    while (sc.hasNextLine()) {
                        sb.append(sc.nextLine());
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return sb.toString();
        }
    
    }
    
    
       
        
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然后看一个文章链接的匹配类

package com.yc.spider;
    
    import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashSet;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import java.util.Set;
    import java.util.regex.Matcher;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;
    
    /**
     * 文章下载类
     * 
     * @author 汤高
     *        
     *         
     */
    public class ArticleDownLoad {
          
        /**
         * 取出文章的a标记href
         */
        static String ARTICLE_URL = "<a\\s+[^<>]*\\s+href=\"?(http[^<>\"]*)\"[^<>]*>([^<]*)</a>";
    
    
        static Set<String> getImageLink(String html) {
            Set<String> result = new HashSet<String>();
            // 创建一个Pattern模式类，编译这个正则表达式
            Pattern p = Pattern.compile(ARTICLE_URL, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
            // 定义一个匹配器的类
            Matcher matcher = p.matcher(html);
            while (matcher.find()) {
                System.out.println("======="+matcher.group(1)+"\t"+matcher.group(2));
                result.add(matcher.group(1)+"\t"+matcher.group(2));
            }
            return result;
    
        }
    
    
    }
    
       
        
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下面看爬虫类

package com.yc.spider;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.net.URI;
    import java.net.URISyntaxException;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Set;
    import java.util.regex.Matcher;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;
    
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
    import org.htmlparser.util.ParserException;
    /**
     * 把爬到的内容上传到hdfs
     * @author 汤高
     * 
     *
     */
    public class Spider {
        private DownLoadTool dlt = new DownLoadTool();
        private ArticleDownLoad pdl = new ArticleDownLoad();
        public void crawling(String url) {
            try {
                Configuration conf = new Configuration();
                URI uri = new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.140:9000");
                FileSystem hdfs = FileSystem.get(uri, conf);
    
                String html = dlt.downLoadUrl(url);
                Set<String> allneed = pdl.getImageLink(html);
                for (String addr : allneed) {
                    //生成文件路径
                    Path p1 = new Path("/myspider/" + System.currentTimeMillis());
                    FSDataOutputStream dos = hdfs.create(p1);
                    String a = addr + "\n";
                    //把内容写入文件
                    dos.write(a.getBytes());
                }
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    
       
        
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最后看[测试][Link 1]类来爬内容

package com.yc.spider;
    
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    
    import org.htmlparser.util.ParserException;
    
    public class Test {
          
        public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserException {
            Spider s=new Spider();
            //  s.crawling("http://blog.csdn.net");
            s.crawling("http://www.sohu.com");
    
        }
    }
    
       
        
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看看结果  
![这里写图片描述][20160512105036763]

爬到的内容上传到hdfs上了

下面进行分词和建倒排索引  
看分词所用到的包  
![这里写图片描述][20160512105804663]  
我的分词用了lucenne5.5.1版本  
中文分词用到了IKAnalyzer-5.0.1版本，但是与我的lucenne5.5.1不兼容，所以我做了一下兼容，然后自己打成了一个tanggao-IkAnalyzer.jar包，大家可以用现在最新的IKAnalyzer2012版本，应该可以兼容lucenne5.5.1版本

看代码

package com.tg.hadoop;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.StringReader;
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
    import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
    import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
    import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
    import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
    import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
    import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.KeyValueTextInputFormat;
    import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
    import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
    import org.apache.lucene.analysis.TokenStream;
    import org.apache.lucene.analysis.tokenattributes.OffsetAttribute;
    
    import com.tg.Ik.IKAnalyzer5x;
    
    public class AriticleInvertedIndex {
        /**
         * 
         * @author 汤高
         *
         */
        public static class ArticleInvertedIndexMapper extends Mapper<Text, Text, Text, Text>{
    
            private Text keyInfo = new Text();  // 存储单词和URI的组合
            private Text valueInfo = new Text(); //存储词频
            @Override
            protected void map(Text key, Text value, Mapper<Text, Text, Text, Text>.Context context)
                    throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    
                //把标题分词
                 Analyzer analyzer = new IKAnalyzer5x(true);
                   TokenStream ts = analyzer.tokenStream("field", new StringReader( value.toString().trim()  ));
    
                    OffsetAttribute offsetAtt = ts.addAttribute(OffsetAttribute.class);
                    try {
                        ts.reset();
                        while (ts.incrementToken()) {
                            System.out.println(offsetAtt.toString().trim());
                            keyInfo.set( offsetAtt.toString()+":"+key);
                            valueInfo.set("1");
                            System.out.println("key"+keyInfo);
                            System.out.println("value"+valueInfo);
                            context.write(keyInfo, valueInfo);
                        }
                        ts.end();
                    } finally {
                        ts.close();
                    }
            }
        }
    
        public static class ArticleInvertedIndexCombiner extends Reducer<Text, Text, Text, Text>{
            private Text info = new Text();
            @Override
            protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<Text> values, Reducer<Text, Text, Text, Text>.Context context)
                    throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    
                //统计词频
                int sum = 0;
                for (Text value : values) {
                    sum += Integer.parseInt(value.toString() );
                }
    
                int splitIndex = key.toString().indexOf(":");
    
                //重新设置value值由URI和词频组成
                info.set( key.toString().substring( splitIndex + 1) +":"+sum );
    
                //重新设置key值为单词
                key.set( key.toString().substring(0,splitIndex));
    
                context.write(key, info);
                System.out.println("key"+key);
                System.out.println("value"+info);
            }
        }
    
    
        public static class ArticleInvertedIndexReducer extends Reducer<Text, Text, Text, Text>{
    
            private Text result = new Text();
    
            @Override
            protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<Text> values, Reducer<Text, Text, Text, Text>.Context context)
                    throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    
                //生成文档列表
                String fileList = new String();
                for (Text value : values) {
                    fileList += value.toString()+";";
                }
                result.set(fileList);
    
                context.write(key, result);
            }
    
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            try {
                Configuration conf = new Configuration();
    
                Job job = Job.getInstance(conf,"InvertedIndex");
                job.setJarByClass(AriticleInvertedIndex.class);
                job.setInputFormatClass(KeyValueTextInputFormat.class);
                //实现map函数，根据输入的<key,value>对生成中间结果。
                job.setMapperClass(ArticleInvertedIndexMapper.class);
    
                job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
                job.setMapOutputValueClass(Text.class);
    
                job.setCombinerClass(ArticleInvertedIndexCombiner.class);
                job.setReducerClass(ArticleInvertedIndexReducer.class);
    
                job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
                job.setOutputValueClass(Text.class);
    
    
                FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path("hdfs://192.168.52.140:9000/myspider/"));
                FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("hdfs://192.168.52.140:9000/myspider_outindex"+System.currentTimeMillis()+"/"));
    
                System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1);
            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    }
    
    
       
        
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结果：  
![这里写图片描述][20160512110005227]

转载请指明出处：[http://blog.csdn.net/tanggao1314/article/details/51382382][http_blog.csdn.net_tanggao1314_article_details_51382382]

[Hadoop]: http://blog.csdn.net/tanggao1314/article/details/51340672
[Link 1]: http://lib.csdn.net/base/softwaretest
[20160512105036763]: /images/20220618/258f03fe36c4443f8f8522a144c0a32c.png
[20160512105804663]: /images/20220618/9667cd6fdb0b4c2a8c4d2b7580e37c96.png
[20160512110005227]: /images/20220618/67b2ddde7ff44d75be42161621c8b32c.png
[http_blog.csdn.net_tanggao1314_article_details_51382382]: http://blog.csdn.net/tanggao1314/article/details/51382382