Spring使用POI实现Excel导入导出

清疚 2022-06-17 02:20 186阅读 0赞

Apache POI 是创建和维护操作各种符合Office Open XML（OOXML）标准和微软的OLE 2复合文档格式（OLE2）的Java API。用它可以使用Java读取和创建,修改MS Excel文件.而且,还可以使用Java读取和创建MS Word和MSPowerPoint文件。Apache POI 提供Java操作Excel解决方案（适用于Excel97-2008）。

简单理解就是通过POI，java可以与office建立联系。

本次项目实践基于SSM框架，简单封装了Excel批量导入导出功能，实现过程如下

1. maven导入java包：

<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>  
    	<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>  
    	<version>3.5-FINAL</version>  
      </dependency>

2. 建立Excel实体--ExcelBean

/**
     * 
    * @Description: 导入导出excel
    * @author haipeng
    * @date 2017年4月11日
     */
    public class ExcelBean implements java.io.Serializable {
    	 private String headTextName;//列头（标题）名
         private String propertyName;//对应字段名
         private Integer cols;//合并单元格数
         private XSSFCellStyle cellStyle;
         
         public ExcelBean(){
        	 
         }
         public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName){
        	 this.headTextName = headTextName;
             this.propertyName = propertyName;
         }
         
         public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName, Integer cols) {
             super();
             this.headTextName = headTextName;
             this.propertyName = propertyName;
             this.cols = cols;
         } 
         
         public String getHeadTextName() {
    		return headTextName;
    	}
    
    	public void setHeadTextName(String headTextName) {
    		this.headTextName = headTextName;
    	}
    
    	public String getPropertyName() {
    		return propertyName;
    	}
    
    	public void setPropertyName(String propertyName) {
    		this.propertyName = propertyName;
    	}
    
    	public Integer getCols() {
    		return cols;
    	}
    
    	public void setCols(Integer cols) {
    		this.cols = cols;
    	}
    
    	public XSSFCellStyle getCellStyle() {
    		return cellStyle;
    	}
    
    	public void setCellStyle(XSSFCellStyle cellStyle) {
    		this.cellStyle = cellStyle;
    	}
    }

3.  封装Excel工具类--ExcelUtils

public class ExcelUtils {
    	private final static String excel2003L =".xls";    //2003- 版本的excel  
        private final static String excel2007U =".xlsx";   //2007+ 版本的excel  
        /*************************************文件上传****************************/
        public static  List<List<Object>> getBankListByExcel(InputStream in,String fileName) throws Exception{  
            List<List<Object>> list = null;  
              
            //创建Excel工作薄  
            Workbook work = getWorkbook(in,fileName);  
            if(null == work){  
                throw new Exception("创建Excel工作薄为空！");  
            }  
            Sheet sheet = null;  
            Row row = null;  
            Cell cell = null;  
              
            list = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();  
            //遍历Excel中所有的sheet  
            for (int i = 0; i < work.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {  
                sheet = work.getSheetAt(i);  
                if(sheet==null){continue;}  
                  
                //遍历当前sheet中的所有行  
                for (int j = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); j < sheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {  
                    row = sheet.getRow(j);  
                    if(row==null||row.getFirstCellNum()==j){continue;}  
                      
                    //遍历所有的列  
                    List<Object> li = new ArrayList<Object>();  
                    for (int y = row.getFirstCellNum(); y < row.getLastCellNum(); y++) {  
                        cell = row.getCell(y);  
                        li.add(getCellValue(cell));  
                    }  
                    list.add(li);  
                }  
            }  
    //        work.close();  
            return list;  
        }  
          
        /** 
         * 描述：根据文件后缀，自适应上传文件的版本  
         * @param inStr,fileName 
         * @return 
         * @throws Exception 
         */  
        public static  Workbook getWorkbook(InputStream inStr,String fileName) throws Exception{  
            Workbook wb = null;  
            String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));  
            if(excel2003L.equals(fileType)){  
                wb = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr);  //2003-  
            }else if(excel2007U.equals(fileType)){  
                wb = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr);  //2007+  
            }else{  
                throw new Exception("解析的文件格式有误！");  
            }  
            return wb;  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 描述：对表格中数值进行格式化 
         * @param cell 
         * @return 
         */  
        public static  Object getCellValue(Cell cell){  
            Object value = null;  
            DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0");  //格式化number String字符  
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyy-MM-dd");  //日期格式化  
            DecimalFormat df2 = new DecimalFormat("0.00");  //格式化数字  
              
            switch (cell.getCellType()) {  
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:  
                value = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();  
                break;  
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:  
                if("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){  
                    value = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());  
                }else if("m/d/yy".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){  
                    value = sdf.format(cell.getDateCellValue());  
                }else{  
                    value = df2.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());  
                }  
                break;  
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:  
                value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();  
                break;  
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:  
                value = "";  
                break;  
            default:  
                break;  
            }  
            return value;  
        }  
        /****************************************上传结束***************************************
    	/**
    	     * 多列头创建EXCEL
    	     * 
    	     * @param sheetName 工作簿名称
    	     * @param clazz  数据源model类型
    	     * @param objs   excel标题列以及对应model字段名
    	     * @param map  标题列行数以及cell字体样式
    	     * @return
    	     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
    	     * @throws IllegalAccessException
    	     * @throws InvocationTargetException
    	     * @throws ClassNotFoundException
    	     * @throws IntrospectionException
    	     * @throws ParseException
    	     */
    	public static XSSFWorkbook createExcelFile(Class clazz, List objs,Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map,String sheetName) throws IllegalArgumentException,IllegalAccessException,
    	InvocationTargetException, ClassNotFoundException, IntrospectionException, ParseException{
    	        // 创建新的Excel 工作簿
    	        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
    	        // 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表，其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称
    	        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);
    	        // 以下为excel的字体样式以及excel的标题与内容的创建，下面会具体分析;
    	        createFont(workbook);//字体样式
    	        createTableHeader(sheet, map);//创建标题（头）
    	        createTableRows(sheet, map, objs, clazz);//创建内容
    	        return workbook;
    	    }
    	private static XSSFCellStyle fontStyle;
    	private static XSSFCellStyle fontStyle2;
    	public static void createFont(XSSFWorkbook workbook) {
            // 表头
    		fontStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            XSSFFont font1 = workbook.createFont();
            font1.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
            font1.setFontName("黑体");
            font1.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 14);// 设置字体大小
            fontStyle.setFont(font1);
            fontStyle.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); // 下边框
            fontStyle.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 左边框
            fontStyle.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 上边框
            fontStyle.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 右边框
            fontStyle.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 居中
    
            // 内容
            fontStyle2=workbook.createCellStyle();
    		XSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
    		font2.setFontName("宋体");
    		font2.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);// 设置字体大小
    		fontStyle2.setFont(font2);     
    		fontStyle2.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); // 下边框
            fontStyle2.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 左边框
            fontStyle2.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 上边框
            fontStyle2.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 右边框
            fontStyle2.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 居中
    	}
    	
    	/**
         * 根据ExcelMapping 生成列头（多行列头）
         * 
         * @param sheet
         *            工作簿
         * @param map
         *            每行每个单元格对应的列头信息
         */
        public static final void createTableHeader(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map) {
            int startIndex=0;//cell起始位置
            int endIndex=0;//cell终止位置
    
            for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(entry.getKey());
                List<ExcelBean> excels = entry.getValue();
                for (int x = 0; x < excels.size(); x++) {
                    //合并单元格
                    if(excels.get(x).getCols()>1){
                        if(x==0){                                     
                        	endIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols()-1;
                            CellRangeAddress range=new CellRangeAddress(0,0,startIndex,endIndex);
                            sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                            startIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols();
                        }else{
                            endIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols();
                            CellRangeAddress range=new CellRangeAddress(0,0,startIndex,endIndex);
                            sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                            startIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols();
                        }
                        XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(startIndex-excels.get(x).getCols());
                        cell.setCellValue(excels.get(x).getHeadTextName());// 设置内容
                        if (excels.get(x).getCellStyle() != null) {
                            cell.setCellStyle(excels.get(x).getCellStyle());// 设置格式
                        }
                        cell.setCellStyle(fontStyle);
                    }else{
    
                        XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(x);
                        cell.setCellValue(excels.get(x).getHeadTextName());// 设置内容
                        if (excels.get(x).getCellStyle() != null) {
                            cell.setCellStyle(excels.get(x).getCellStyle());// 设置格式
                        }
                        cell.setCellStyle(fontStyle);
                    }
    
                }
            }
        }
    	
    	/**
         * 
         * @param sheet
         * @param map
         * @param objs
         * @param clazz
         */
        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        public static void createTableRows(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map, List objs, Class clazz)
                throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, IntrospectionException,
                ClassNotFoundException, ParseException {
    
            int rowindex = map.size();
            int maxKey = 0;
            List<ExcelBean> ems = new ArrayList<>();
            for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                if (entry.getKey() > maxKey) {
                    maxKey = entry.getKey();
                }
            }
            ems = map.get(maxKey);
    
            List<Integer> widths = new ArrayList<Integer>(ems.size());
            for (Object obj : objs) {
                XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowindex);
                for (int i = 0; i < ems.size(); i++) {
                    ExcelBean em = (ExcelBean) ems.get(i);
                // 获得get方法 
                    PropertyDescriptor pd = new PropertyDescriptor(em.getPropertyName(), clazz);
                    Method getMethod = pd.getReadMethod();
                    Object rtn = getMethod.invoke(obj);
                    String value = "";
                    // 如果是日期类型 进行 转换
                    if (rtn != null) {
                        if (rtn instanceof Date) {
                            value = DateUtils.date2String((Date) rtn,"yyyy-MM-dd");
                        } else if(rtn instanceof BigDecimal){
                        	NumberFormat nf = new DecimalFormat("#,##0.00");
                        	value=nf.format((BigDecimal)rtn).toString();
                        } else if((rtn instanceof Integer) && (Integer.valueOf(rtn.toString())<0 )){
                        	value="--";
                        }else {
                            value = rtn.toString();
                        }
                    }
                    XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
                    cell.setCellValue(value);
                    cell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
                    cell.setCellStyle(fontStyle2);
                    // 获得最大列宽
                    int width = value.getBytes().length * 300;
                    // 还未设置，设置当前
                    if (widths.size() <= i) {
                        widths.add(width);
                        continue;
                    }
                    // 比原来大，更新数据
                    if (width > widths.get(i)) {
                        widths.set(i, width);
                    }
                }
                rowindex++;
            }
            // 设置列宽
            for (int index = 0; index < widths.size(); index++) {
                Integer width = widths.get(index);
                width = width < 2500 ? 2500 : width + 300;
                width = width > 10000 ? 10000 + 300 : width + 300;
                sheet.setColumnWidth(index, width);
            }
        }
    }

4.  在HTML页面导入需要的js

5.  在HTML添加测试控件

6. 导出通过a标签的get请求即可以实现，导入则通过ajax的post请求实现：

$('#upLoadPayerCreditInfoExcel').click(function(){
    	var cacheVersion=$("#cacheVersion").val();
        if(checkData()){  
            $('#uploadForm').ajaxSubmit({    
                url:$("#root").val()+'/creditInfo/uploadReceiverCreditInfoExcel.html',
                data:{'cacheVersion':cacheVersion},
                dataType: 'text'
            });   
        }  
    });  
    
    //JS校验form表单信息  
    function checkData(){  
       var fileDir = $("#upfile").val();  
       var suffix = fileDir.substr(fileDir.lastIndexOf("."));  
       if("" == fileDir){  
           alert("选择需要导入的Excel文件！");  
           return false;  
       }  
       if(".xls" != suffix && ".xlsx" != suffix ){  
           alert("选择Excel格式的文件导入！");  
           return false;  
       }  
       return true;  
    }

7. controller端实现

导出：

@RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadPayerCreditInfoExcel", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    	@ResponseBody
        public void downLoadPayerCreditInfoExcel(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,HttpSession session){
    		response.reset();
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddhhmmssms");
            String dateStr = sdf.format(new Date());
            Long companyId=UserUtils.getCompanyIdBySession(session);
            Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
            // 指定下载的文件名
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" +dateStr+".xlsx");
            response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
            response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
    
            XSSFWorkbook workbook=null;
    		try {
    			//导出Excel对象
    			workbook = creditInfoService.exportPayerCreditInfoExcel(companyId);
    		} catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException
    				| InvocationTargetException | ClassNotFoundException
    				| IntrospectionException | ParseException e1) {
    			e1.printStackTrace();
    		}
            OutputStream output;
    		try {
    			output = response.getOutputStream();
    		
                BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutPut = new BufferedOutputStream(output);
                bufferedOutPut.flush();
                workbook.write(bufferedOutPut);
                bufferedOutPut.close();
                
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
        }

导入：

@ResponseBody  
        @RequestMapping(value="uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})  
        Public void uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,HttpSession session) throws Exception {  
            MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;    
            MultipartFile file = multipartRequest.getFile("upfile");  
            if(file.isEmpty()){  
                throw new Exception("文件不存在！");  
            }  
            Long companyId=UserUtils.getCompanyIdBySession(session);
            Long userId=UserUtils.getUserIdBySession(session);
            InputStream in = file.getInputStream();
            creditInfoService.uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel(in,file,companyId,userId);
            in.close();
            PrintWriter out = null;  
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");  //防止ajax接受到的中文信息乱码  
            out = response.getWriter();  
            out.print("文件导入成功！");  
            out.flush();  
            out.close();  
        }

8、service层

导入，从excel中获得数据放入List<List<object>>中，然后遍历放入实体，执行插入操作：

public void uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel(InputStream in, MultipartFile file,Long companyId,Long userId) throws Exception {
    	List<List<Object>> listob = ExcelUtils.getBankListByExcel(in,file.getOriginalFilename());  
    	List<CreditInfoBean> creditInfoList=new ArrayList<CreditInfoBean>();
    	for (int i = 0; i < listob.size(); i++) {  
                List<Object> ob = listob.get(i);  
                CreditInfoBean creditInfoBean = new CreditInfoBean();
                creditInfoBean.setCompanyName(String.valueOf(ob.get(0)));
                creditInfoBean.setBillType(String.valueOf(ob.get(1)));
                creditInfoBean.setBillNumber(String.valueOf(ob.get(2)));
                BigDecimal bd=new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(ob.get(3)));   
                creditInfoBean.setBuyerBillAmount(bd.setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP));
                creditInfoBean.setReceiveTime(String.valueOf(ob.get(4)));
                creditInfoBean.setBuyerRemark(String.valueOf(ob.get(5)));
                creditInfoList.add(creditInfoBean);
            }  
    }

导出：

public XSSFWorkbook exportPayerCreditInfoExcel(Long companyId) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, ClassNotFoundException, IntrospectionException, com.sun.tools.example.debug.expr.ParseException {
    		List<CreditInfoBean> creditInfoList=creditInfoDao.listAllPayerCreditInfoPage(companyId);
    		List<ExcelBean> ems=new ArrayList<>();
    		Map<Integer,List<ExcelBean>>map=new LinkedHashMap<>();
    		XSSFWorkbook book=null;
    		ems.add(new ExcelBean("供应商名称","companyName",0));
    		ems.add(new ExcelBean("票据类型","billType",0));
    		ems.add(new ExcelBean("票据号","billNumber",0));
    //		ems.add(new ExcelBean("买方是否参与","isBuyerIquidation",0));
    		ems.add(new ExcelBean("票据金额","buyerBillAmount",0));
    		ems.add(new ExcelBean("应付日期","buyerPayTime",0));
    		ems.add(new ExcelBean("剩余天数","overplusDays",0));
    		ems.add(new ExcelBean("状态","buyerBillStatus",0));
    		map.put(0, ems);
    		List<CreditInfoBean> afterChangeList=changeBuyerStatus(creditInfoList);
    		book=ExcelUtils.createExcelFile(CreditInfoBean.class, afterChangeList, map, "应付账款信息");
    		return book;
    }