eclipse中maven环境配置与使用

我会带着你远行 2022-06-16 07:20 222阅读 0赞

1. 安装配置Maven：  
**　　1.1 从Apache网站 [http://maven.apache.org/][http_maven.apache.org] 下载并且解压缩安装Apache Maven。  
　　　　Maven下载地址: [http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi][http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]**

**       Maven的在线安装地址：[http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases][http_download.eclipse.org_technology_m2e_releases]   
　　1.2 配置 Maven 的conf文件夹中配置文件settings.xml。　**

**　　1.3 修改settings.xml，添加镜像服务器设置：  
    　　使用阿里云提供的Maven镜像服务器。  
    　　阿里云镜像服务器URL: [http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/][http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus_content_groups_public]**  
  
2. Eclipse中Maven的配置：

<table style="background:none!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; border:1px solid silver; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:1678px; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; border-collapse:collapse; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
 <tbody style="background:none!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; border:0px currentColor!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:auto!important; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
  <tr style="background:none!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; border:0px currentColor!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:auto!important; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
   <td style="background:none!important; margin:0px!important; padding:3px; outline:0px!important; border:1px solid silver; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:35px!important; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; color:rgb(175,175,175)!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; border-collapse:collapse; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244)!important; border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0.5em!important; outline:0px!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:auto!important; height:auto!important; text-align:right!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108)!important; border-right-style:solid!important; float:none!important; white-space:nowrap!important; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
     <span style="font-family:FangSong_GB2312"><span style="font-size:18px">1</span></span> 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="background:none!important; margin:0px!important; padding:3px; outline:0px!important; border:1px solid silver; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:auto!important; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; border-collapse:collapse; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
    <div style="background:none!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; border:0px currentColor!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:auto!important; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; position:relative!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244)!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 1em!important; outline:0px!important; border:0px currentColor!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:auto!important; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; white-space:nowrap!important; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
      <code style="background:none!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; border:0px currentColor!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; width:auto!important; height:auto!important; text-align:left!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; color:rgb(0,0,0)!important; line-height:1.8em!important; overflow:visible!important; font-style:normal!important; font-weight:normal!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; float:none!important; white-space:nowrap!important; position:static!important; min-height:auto!important"><span style="font-family:FangSong_GB2312"><span style="font-size:18px">说明：最新版的Eclipse已经内嵌了Mevne插件m2e, 不需要安装Maven插件, 如果不做任何配置,&lt;br&gt;会自动连接使用maven中央库自然可以使用,但是中央库在国外, 受到中国防火墙等因素影&lt;br&gt;响其访问速度很慢, 只有连接到国内镜像库才能提高Maven运行速度. &lt;br&gt;连接到国内镜像库按照如下配置.</span></span></code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**2.1 打开Eclipse的首选项设置**  
    ![779593-20170122212514191-975198381.png][]

**2.2 找到Maven的配置项目**  
    ![779593-20170122212529238-770273664.png][]

**2.3 设置Maven的全局配置文件settings.xml**  
    ![779593-20170122212540144-1773906604.png][]  
    说明：Eclipse会自动的使用 settings.xml 文件中包含镜像库的URL地址信息, 找到Maven镜像库位置.

**2.4 更新配置信息**  
    ![779593-20170122212553785-1572459575.png][]

**2.5 找到Window菜单**  
    ![779593-20170122212604113-390786644.png][]

**2.6 开启Maven的视图, 检查是否已经配置了镜像库**  
    ![779593-20170122212702363-1053867551.png][]  
      
Maven 的使用，创建Maven 桌面项目  
**1.1 选择菜单创建Maven项目**  
        ![779593-20170122212749785-1933895243.png][]

**1.2 选择项目目录结构的骨架**  
        ![779593-20170122212759316-1201643646.png][]

**1.3 输入项目相关信息**  
        ![779593-20170122212809879-1697753370.png][]

**1.4 Maven jar项目的目录结构**  
        ![779593-20170122212822723-946978278.png][]  
　　　备注：因为这个步骤必须连接到Maven服务器获取相关信息, 如果配置和网络有故障则这个步骤就会出现错误!  
　　　　　　　如果出现错误请使用浏览器检测是否能够访问Maven服务器的URL.

2. 创建Maven Web项目  
**2.1 选择菜单创建Maven项目**  
        ![779593-20170122212859379-30782784.png][]

**2.2 选择项目目录结构的骨架**  
        ![779593-20170122212911051-1168421125.png][]

**2.3 输入项目相关信息**  
        ![779593-20170122212924207-31656646.png][]

**2.4 Maven war项目的目录结构**  
        ![779593-20170122212939723-1375051602.png][]  
　　　备注：因为这个步骤必须连接到Maven服务器获取相关信息, 如果配置和网络有故障则这个步骤就会出现错误!  
　　　　　　　如果出现错误请使用浏览器检测是否能够访问Maven服务器的URL.

**2.5 创建Web部署描述文件web.xml消除检测错误**  
        ![779593-20170122212957801-1584681062.png][]  
在Eclipse中搜索添加Jar组件"坐标"  
    Eclipse与Maven配合提供了强大的jar组件集成功能.

**1.1 更新Maven库的索引文件**  
         说明：Mavne索引用于搜索jar组件"坐标", 更新索引以后就可以在Eclipse中搜索jar组件"坐标", 但这个功能不是必须的  
        ![779593-20170122213029410-1649813429.png][]  
        注意：如果更换过Eclipse工作空间, 就需要再次更新Maven索引;

**1.2 打开Maven项目中的pom.xml文件**  
        ![779593-20170122213047785-2025887933.png][]

**1.3 搜索需要jar组件包"坐标"**  
        ![779593-20170122213059801-1381238351.png][]  
        说明：这个搜索功能是利用 1.1步骤更新Maven库的索引文件 的索引完成, 如果没有更新过索引, 这个功能失效!!

**1.4 搜索结果就是在pom.xml文件中"坐标", 保存pom.xml时候会自动下载jar组件**  
        ![779593-20170122213113957-1934788641.png][]  
        备注：这个搜索功能是利用 Maven 仓库服务器完成的, 如果不能连接到Maven仓库服务器, 这是会发生错误!!   
        注意：由于版权的问题, 无法在公共Maven服务器上下载Oracle JDBC Driver

**1.5 使用Maven下载的jar组件. 组件保存在本地仓库".m2"文件夹中**  
        ![779593-20170122213128519-403514557.png][]

** 1.6 如果出现下载故障, 可以在检查Maven仓库正常联通后, 再删除本地仓库".m2"以后"更新Maven 项目"**  
       ![779593-20170122213203894-267231288.png][]

在线搜索添加Jar组件"坐标"  
    阿里云jar组件"坐标"搜索: [http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/][http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus]

**1.1 阿里云jar组件"坐标"搜索**  
  ![779593-20170122213505769-425479961.png][]

**1.2 搜索结果很多, 选择需要的组件版本, 找到组件"坐标"**  
  ![779593-20170122213523457-1799675195.png][]

**1.3 将找到组件"坐标" 复制到pom.xml文件中, 保存pom.xml文件时候自动下载jar组件.**   ![779593-20170122213608926-1617598535.png][]

**1.4 下载jar组件自动保存在本地库 ".m2" 文件夹（maven默认会在c盘新建一个.m2文件夹，可以后期修改）.**  
    ![779593-20170122213634676-545684539.png][]

[http_maven.apache.org]: http://maven.apache.org/
[http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]: http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
[http_download.eclipse.org_technology_m2e_releases]: http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases
[http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus_content_groups_public]: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/
[779593-20170122212514191-975198381.png]: /images/20220616/489265174c154311bc8472d4e6af3a8e.png
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[779593-20170122212553785-1572459575.png]: /images/20220616/e723b204f8bb4de0a284e37fefc9969e.png
[779593-20170122212604113-390786644.png]: /images/20220616/1639c506f33c4a5daa4c8074cd5e1151.png
[779593-20170122212702363-1053867551.png]: /images/20220616/c58f9a10bf804707998a8e3cdc4a66b8.png
[779593-20170122212749785-1933895243.png]: /images/20220616/f51355b917e84cb8be2c1924f6931a4f.png
[779593-20170122212759316-1201643646.png]: /images/20220616/e466c189afd74cc8bb765167073d7cb8.png
[779593-20170122212809879-1697753370.png]: /images/20220616/4b3281d33aa7487fb702426bf30d92a2.png
[779593-20170122212822723-946978278.png]: /images/20220616/d1eaff0755a74e1f92363f82acc2880b.png
[779593-20170122212859379-30782784.png]: /images/20220616/28903151f14741ce99a23aabd2fda9b7.png
[779593-20170122212911051-1168421125.png]: /images/20220616/9482766e72a84706acdc0281e47cc369.png
[779593-20170122212924207-31656646.png]: /images/20220616/6192634fe68442c4a069477b9fe943fb.png
[779593-20170122212939723-1375051602.png]: /images/20220616/01f5104967d0447dbc4955018a27b36a.png
[779593-20170122212957801-1584681062.png]: /images/20220616/a777fbc19c45463ea35fc5672786e258.png
[779593-20170122213029410-1649813429.png]: /images/20220616/8e9e3523e03e4f0587045883ab1974e6.png
[779593-20170122213047785-2025887933.png]: /images/20220616/5376a938bb2548f1878e6e46488e120b.png
[779593-20170122213059801-1381238351.png]: /images/20220616/f0c7b54cefde4b38a6bd79969062b362.png
[779593-20170122213113957-1934788641.png]: /images/20220616/a6db7a16e0fa421d90d9935c6b629df1.png
[779593-20170122213128519-403514557.png]: /images/20220616/2d7943ed833c4aa48f405b96c98dd981.png
[779593-20170122213203894-267231288.png]: /images/20220616/938d7d12926f4428bade90894b54f4ff.png
[http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus]: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/
[779593-20170122213505769-425479961.png]: /images/20220616/9d9ac25d5ac749daaafe2c7c1a10f3f8.png
[779593-20170122213523457-1799675195.png]: /images/20220616/e0880331b3d948c5b639468f78e2a984.png
[779593-20170122213608926-1617598535.png]: /images/20220616/eaeb4914174043e2ac237ef192f8a91c.png
[779593-20170122213634676-545684539.png]: /images/20220616/da7a77413955497185a6a35e951290ed.png