CentOS7下安装MySQL5.7安装与配置（YUM）

﹏ヽ暗。殇╰゛Y 2022-06-15 10:00 179阅读 0赞

原文链接：[http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/51759200][http_blog.csdn.net_xyang81_article_details_51759200]

安装环境：CentOS7 64位 MINI版，安装MySQL5.7

## 1、配置YUM源 ##

在[MySQL][]官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包：[http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/][http_dev.mysql.com_downloads_repo_yum]   
![1-160626010PSQ.jpg][]

# 下载mysql源安装包
    shell> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
    # 安装mysql源
    shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

检查mysql源是否安装成功

shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

![1-160626010RKa.jpg][]   
看到上图所示表示安装成功

## 2、安装MySQL ##

shell> yum install mysql-community-server

## 3、启动MySQL服务 ##

shell> systemctl start mysqld

查看MySQL的启动状态

shell> systemctl status mysqld
    ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since 五 2016-06-24 04:37:37 CST; 35min ago
     Main PID: 2888 (mysqld)
       CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
               └─2888 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    
    6月 24 04:37:36 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
    6月 24 04:37:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

## 4、开机启动 ##

shell> systemctl enable mysqld
    shell> systemctl daemon-reload

## 5、修改root默认密码 ##

mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码，然后登录mysql进行修改：

shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

![1-160626010T0Z8.jpg][]

shell> mysql -uroot -p
    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';

或者

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!');

注意：mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件（validate\_password），默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误，如下图所示：   
![1-160626010U5133.jpg][]

通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息：

mysql> show variables like '%password%';

![1-160626010ZA16.jpg][]  
  validate\_password\_policy：密码策略，默认为MEDIUM策略  validate\_password\_dictionary\_file：密码策略文件，策略为STRONG才需要  validate\_password\_length：密码最少长度  validate\_password\_mixed\_case\_count：大小写字符长度，至少1个  validate\_password\_number\_count ：数字至少1个  validate\_password\_special\_char\_count：特殊字符至少1个  上述参数是默认策略MEDIUM的密码检查规则。

共有以下几种密码策略：

<table style="padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:14px; width:946px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238); color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:'microsoft yahei'; line-height:26px"> 
 <thead style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> 
  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> 
   <th style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 策略</th> 
   <th style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 检查规则</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> 
  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> 
   <td style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 0 or LOW</td> 
   <td style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> Length</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> 
   <td style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 1 or MEDIUM</td> 
   <td style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> 
   <td style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 2 or STRONG</td> 
   <td style="padding:8px; margin:0px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border-style:solid; border-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

MySQL官网密码策略详细说明：[http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html\#sysvar\_validate\_password\_policy][http_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.7_en_validate-password-options-variables.html_sysvar_validate_password_policy]

### 修改密码策略 ###

在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate\_password\_policy配置，指定密码策略

# 选择0（LOW），1（MEDIUM），2（STRONG）其中一种，选择2需要提供密码字典文件
    validate_password_policy=0

如果不需要密码策略，添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可：

validate_password = off

重新启动mysql服务使配置生效：

systemctl restart mysqld

## 6、添加远程登录用户 ##

默认只允许root帐户在本地登录，如果要在其它机器上连接mysql，必须修改root允许远程连接，或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户，为了安全起见，我添加一个新的帐户：

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'yangxin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Yangxin0917!' WITH GRANT OPTION;

## 7、配置默认编码为utf8 ##

修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件，在\[mysqld\]下添加编码配置，如下所示：

[mysqld]
    character_set_server=utf8
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

重新启动mysql服务，查看[数据库][MySQL]默认编码如下所示：

![1-160626010915C6.jpg][]

--------------------

默认配置文件路径：  配置文件：/etc/my.cnf  日志文件：/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log  服务启动脚本：/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service  socket文件：/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

最后关掉防火墙，就可以远程连接了。

[http_blog.csdn.net_xyang81_article_details_51759200]: http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/51759200
[MySQL]: http://lib.csdn.net/base/14
[http_dev.mysql.com_downloads_repo_yum]: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
[1-160626010PSQ.jpg]: http://www.centoscn.com/uploads/allimg/160626/1-160626010PSQ.jpg
[1-160626010RKa.jpg]: http://www.centoscn.com/uploads/allimg/160626/1-160626010RKa.jpg
[1-160626010T0Z8.jpg]: http://www.centoscn.com/uploads/allimg/160626/1-160626010T0Z8.jpg
[1-160626010U5133.jpg]: http://www.centoscn.com/uploads/allimg/160626/1-160626010U5133.jpg
[1-160626010ZA16.jpg]: http://www.centoscn.com/uploads/allimg/160626/1-160626010ZA16.jpg
[http_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.7_en_validate-password-options-variables.html_sysvar_validate_password_policy]: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy
[1-160626010915C6.jpg]: http://www.centoscn.com/uploads/allimg/160626/1-160626010915C6.jpg