node+express下获取请求参数

矫情吗；* 2022-06-13 06:14 175阅读 0赞

**目录**

*  Get
    
     *  query参数的获取
 *  Post
    
     *  post的数据获取
 *  其他信息
    
     *  获取请求的头信息
     *  route
     *  cookies
     *  hostname
     *  ip
     *  originalUrl
     *  protocol
     *  secure
     *  xhr

> 针对Express的版本4.X

## Get ##

--------------------

### query参数的获取 ###

url假设:`http://localhost:3000/users/zqzjs?name=zhaoqize&word=cool&job[st]=web`

路由的定义:

router.get('/:name', function(req, res, next) { 
    
    
    })

1.获取?name=zhaoqize这样的参数

req.query.name

2.获取&job\[st\]=web这样的参数

req.query.job.st

3.获取?name=zhaoqize参数的另外一种写法(4.x版本中该方法已被废弃)

req.param('name')

4.获取所有参数

JSON.stringify(req.query)

具体代码:

//http://localhost:3000/users/zqzjs?name=zhaoqize&word=cool&job[st]=web
 //http://localhost:3000/users/zqzjs
 router.get('/:name', function(req, res, next) { 
 //4.版本中已被废弃，不建议使用
 req.param('name')
 console.log(JSON.stringify(req.query) || '')
 //获取get请求参数
 var _html = "Params"+
 "req.params:"+(JSON.stringify(req.params) || '')+"" +
 "req.params.name:"+(req.params.name || '')+"" +
 "Query:" +
 "req.query:"+(JSON.stringify(req.query) || '')+"" +
 "req.query.name:"+(req.query.name || '')+"" +
 "req.query.word:"+(req.query.word || '')+""+
 "req.query.job.st:"+(req.query.job.st || '')+"" +
 "req.param('name'):"+(req.param('name') || '')+"" ;
 
 
 
 res.send(_html);
 });

结果:

[Get]
    Params
    req.params:{ "name":"zqzjs"}
    
    
    req.params.name:zqzjs
    
    
    Query:
    req.query:{ "name":"zhaoqize","word":"cool","job":{ "st":"web"}}
    
    
    req.query.name:zhaoqize
    
    
    req.query.word:cool
    
    
    req.query.job.st:web
    
    
    req.param('name'):zqzjs

## Post ##

--------------------

### post的数据获取 ###

Form Data 
     pName:zqz
     pWord:job

1.获取需要的query参数

req.body.pName

具体代码:

router.post('/postTest',function(req, res, next){ 
 var _html = "[Post]" +
 "req.body:"+(JSON.stringify(req.body) || '')+"" +
 "req.body.name:"+(req.body.pName || '')+"" +
 "req.body.name:"+(req.body.pWord || '')+"";
 res.send(_html);
 })

结果:

[Post]
    req.body:{ "pName":"zqz","pWord":"job"}
    
    
    req.body.name:zqz
    
    
    req.body.name:job

## 其他信息 ##

--------------------

### 获取请求的头信息 ###

使用:req.header(field)

//http://localhost:3000/users/requestInfo/get
 router.get('/requestInfo/get',function(req, res, next){ 
 var _html = "";
 _html += "[Accept] "+req.header('Accept')+" "
 _html += "[Accept-Encoding] "+req.header('Accept-Encoding')+" "
 _html += "[Accept-Language] "+req.header('Accept-Language')+" "
 _html += "[Cache-Control] "+req.header('Cache-Control')+" "
 _html += "[Connection] "+req.header('Connection')+" "
 _html += "[Cookie] "+req.header('Cookie')+" "
 _html += "[Host] "+req.header('Host')+" "
 _html += "[If-None-Match] "+req.header('If-None-Match')+" "
 _html += "[Upgrade-Insecure-Requests] "+req.header('Upgrade-Insecure-Requests')+" "
 _html += "[User-Agent] "+req.header('User-Agent')+" "
 res.send(_html);
 })
 
 
 //结果:
 [Accept] text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8 [Accept-Encoding] gzip, deflate, sdch, br [Accept-Language] zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4,ja;q=0.2 [Cache-Control] max-age=0 [Connection] keep-alive [Cookie] Hm_lvt_4f16d955a2236fc6ca7287644ecc9d79=1480576847,1481166685 [Host] localhost:3000 [If-None-Match] W/"23b-OjTNcZfCLTvw659CYGlLrA" [Upgrade-Insecure-Requests] 1 [User-Agent] Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.99 Safari/537.36

### route ###

使用:req.route

//http://localhost:3000/users/router/get
 router.get('/router/get',function(req, res, next){ 
 res.send(req.route);
 })
 
 
 //结果：
 
 
 { 
 path: "/router/get",
 stack: [
 { 
 name: "<anonymous>",
 keys: [ ],
 regexp: { },
 method: "get"
 }
 ],
 methods: { 
 get: true
 }
 }

### cookies ###

使用:req.cookies

//http://localhost:3000/users/cookies/get
    router.get('/cookies/get',function(req, res, next){ 
        res.send(req.cookies);
    })
    
    
    //结果：
    { 
    Hm_lvt_4f16d955a2236fc6ca7287644ecc9d79: "1480576847,1481166685"
    }

### hostname ###

使用:req.hostname

//http://localhost:3000/users/hostname/get
    router.get('/hostname/get',function(req, res, next){ 
        res.send(req.hostname);
    })
    
    
    //结果:
    localhost

### ip ###

使用:req.ip

//http://localhost:3000/users/ip/get
    router.get('/ip/get',function(req, res, next){ 
        res.send(req.ip);
    })
    
    
    //结果:
    ::1

### originalUrl ###

使用:req.originalUrl

//http://localhost:3000/users/originalUrl/get
    router.get('/originalUrl/get',function(req, res, next){ 
        res.send(req.originalUrl);
    })
    
    
    //结果:
    /users/originalUrl/get

### protocol ###

使用:req.protocol

//http://localhost:3000/users/protocol/get
    router.get('/protocol/get',function(req, res, next){ 
        res.send(req.protocol);
    })
    
    
    //结果:
    http

### secure ###

使用:req.secure

说明:用来判断协议是否安全,如果是https，返回的就是`true`

//http://localhost:3000/users/secure/get
    router.get('/secure/get',function(req, res, next){ 
        res.send(req.secure);
    })
    
    
    //结果:
    false

### xhr ###

使用:req.xhr

说明:判断是否是异步请求

//http://localhost:3000/users/xhr/get
    router.get('/xhr/get',function(req, res, next){ 
        res.send(req.xhr);
    })
    
    
    //结果:
    false