linux的json神器之jq

谁践踏了优雅 2022-06-12 14:57 182阅读 0赞

**mac**  
安装:

> brew install jq

**centos**  
安装：

> yum install jq

**ubuntu:**  
安装：

> apt-get install jq

jq命令允许直接在命令行下对JSON进行操作
    包括分片、过滤、转换等 
    JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。
    基于javascript(Standard ECMA-262 3rd Edition - December 1999)的一个子集 
    JSON 数据的书写格式是： 名称/对象。 
    JSON的结构基于两点
    
    “名称/值”的集合 ,在不同的语言中,它可以被理解为对象(object)，记录(record)，结构(struct)，字典(dictionary)，哈希表(hash table)，键列表(keyed list)等 .
    值的有序列表 多数语言中被理解为数组(array)
    
    JSON的基础结构说明
    
    对象是属性、值的集合。一个对象开始与”{” ,结束于”}”。每一个属性名和值间用”:”分隔。每个属性间用”，”分隔。
    值可以是字符串，数字，逻辑值，数组，对象，null。 
    数字：整数或浮点数 
    字符串：在双引号中 
    逻辑符：true和false 
    数组：在方括号中 
    对象：在花括号中 
    null： 代表空

**jq命令的格式**

jq [options] filter [files]
    **options：**
    --version：输出jq的版本信息并退出 --slurp/-s：读入整个输入流到一个数组。 --raw-input/-R：不作为JSON解析，将每一行的文本作为字符串输出到屏幕。 --null-input/ -n：不读取任何输入，过滤器运行使用null作为输入。一般用作从头构建JSON数据。 --compact-output /-c：使输出紧凑，而不是把每一个JSON对象输出在一行。 --colour-output / -C：打开颜色显示 --monochrome-output / -M：关闭颜色显示 
    --ascii-output /-a：指定输出格式为ASCII 
    -raw-output /-r ：如果过滤的结果是一个字符串，那么直接写到标准输出（去掉字符串的引号）

**filter：**

. : 默认输出
    .foo: 输出指定属性，foo代表属性。
    .[foo] ：输出指定数组元素。foo代表数组下标。
    .[]：输出指定数组中全部元素
    ， ：指定多个属性作为过滤条件时，用逗号分隔
    | ： 将指定的数组元素中的某个属性作为过滤条件

**files：**

用作示例的JOSN文件。

[{"hostCompany":"Beijing Autelan Technology","hostModel":"CS-VIC-2000-C","hostsn":"01010730b12014A00477","mac":"00:1F:64:CE:F3:8E","cpuModel":"MIPS 74Kc V4.12","cpuSN":"000000","memoryModel":"abcdefg","memorySN":"000000","boardSN":"01010730b12014A00477","networkCardMac":"00:1F:64:CE:F3:8F","lowFreModel":"AR9344","lowFreSN":"000000","hignFreModel":"AR9582","hignFreSN":"000000","gpsModel":"abcdefg","gpsSN":"000000","MEID_3g":"A000004E123ABD2","Company_3g":"ZTEMT INCORPORATED","modelOf3g":"MC271X","snOf3g":"A000004E123ABD2","iccid":"89860314400200885980","Operators":"CTCC","hardVersion":"1.20","firmwareVersion":"1.0.6.29"}]

**示例：**

$ jq . apinfo.json   
    [
      {
        "firmwareVersion": "1.0.6.29",
        "hardVersion": "1.20",
        "Operators": "CTCC",
        "iccid": "DATA DATA",
        "snOf3g": "A000004E123ABD2",
        "modelOf3g": "MC271X",
        "Company_3g": "ZTEMT INCORPORATED",
        "MEID_3g": "A000004E123ABD2",
        "memorySN": "000000",
        "memoryModel": "abcdefg",
        "cpuSN": "000000",
        "cpuModel": "MIPS 74Kc V4.12",
        "mac": "00:1F:64:CE:F3:8E",
        "hostsn": "01010730b12014A00477",
        "hostModel": "CS-VIC-1999-C",
        "stCompany": "Beijing Autelan Technology",
        "boardSN": "01010730b12014A00477",
        "networkCardMac": "00:1F:64:CE:F3:8F",
        "lowFreModel": "AR9344",
        "lowFreSN": "000000",
        "hignFreModel": "AR9582",
        "hignFreSN": "000000",
        "gpsModel": "abcdefg",
        "gpsSN": "000000"
      }
    ]
    
    jq '.[]' apinfo.json 
    {
      "firmwareVersion": "1.0.6.29",
      "hardVersion": "1.20",
      "Operators": "CTCC",
      "iccid": "DATA DATA",
      "snOf3g": "A000004E123ABD2",
      "modelOf3g": "MC271X",
      "Company_3g": "ZTEMT INCORPORATED",
      "MEID_3g": "A000004E123ABD2",
      "memorySN": "000000",
      "memoryModel": "abcdefg",
      "cpuSN": "000000",
      "cpuModel": "MIPS 74Kc V4.12",
      "mac": "00:1F:64:CE:F3:8E",
      "hostsn": "01010730b12014A00477",
      "hostModel": "CS-VIC-1999-C",
      "stCompany": "Beijing Autelan Technology",
      "boardSN": "01010730b12014A00477",
      "networkCardMac": "00:1F:64:CE:F3:8F",
      "lowFreModel": "AR9344",
      "lowFreSN": "000000",
      "hignFreModel": "AR9582",
      "hignFreSN": "000000",
      "gpsModel": "abcdefg",
      "gpsSN": "000000"
    }
    
    $ jq -r .[].mac apinfo.json 
    00:1F:64:CE:F3:8E
    
    $ jq -r '.[] | .mac' apinfo.json 
    00:1F:64:CE:F3:8E
    
    $ jq -r '.[] |.mac, .gpsSN' apinfo.json 
    00:1F:64:CE:F3:8E
    000000
    
    jq -r '.[].mac, .[].gpsSN' apinfo.json 
    00:1F:64:CE:F3:8E
    000000

**参考**  
1. [https://stedolan.github.io/jq/download/][https_stedolan.github.io_jq_download]  
2.[http://blog.csdn.net/u011641885/article/details/45559031][http_blog.csdn.net_u011641885_article_details_45559031]

[https_stedolan.github.io_jq_download]: https://stedolan.github.io/jq/download/
[http_blog.csdn.net_u011641885_article_details_45559031]: http://blog.csdn.net/u011641885/article/details/45559031