MySQL在linux上的安装

比眉伴天荒 2022-06-12 05:25 224阅读 0赞

下载MySQL二进制分发版本tar包  
需要安装libaio的库

shell> yum search libaio  # search for info
    shell> yum install libaio # install library

shell> apt-cache search libaio # search for info
    shell> apt-get install libaio1 # install library

确保机器上存在libaio的库  
我是在MacOSX上面安装的mysql。  
先把mysqld的命令加入到PATH目录  
mysql分发包的目录结果如下

.//bin
    .//COPYING
    .//data
    .//docs
    .//include
    .//lib
    .//man
    .//my.cnf
    .//mysql-test
    .//README
    .//share
    .//support-files

PATH=$PATH:/Users/chenrenyuan/program/mysql/bin/

先做好命令行参数的个性化配置，本人配置如下

nohup mysqld --initialize --user=chenrenyuan --basedir=/Users/chenrenyuan/program/mysql/ --datadir=/Users/chenrenyuan/program/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/Users/chenrenyuan/program/mysql/plugin  --character-set-server=utf8 --general-log-file=/Users/chenrenyuan/program/mysql/general-log.file &

这里需要关注的是初始化的命令参数

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>参数</th> 
   <th>说明</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>user</td> 
   <td>mysql服务器的启动用户，服务器的运行用户</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>basedir</td> 
   <td>mysql二进制tar包的解压缩位置，绝对路径</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>datadir</td> 
   <td>数据库文件的存放目录，绝对路径，同时也会存在异常的日志，需要关注，很多启动失败的问题可以在这里找到答案和原因</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>plugin-dir</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>character-set-server</td> 
   <td>服务器存储编码</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>general-log-file</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

然后会输出

chenrenyuan-MacBookPro:mysql chenrenyuan$ bash install.sh 
    2017-07-14T02:51:19.586472Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    2017-07-14T02:51:19.588413Z 0 [Warning] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /Users/chenrenyuan/program/mysql/data/ is case insensitive
    2017-07-14T02:51:19.732025Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
    2017-07-14T02:51:19.752084Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
    2017-07-14T02:51:19.807617Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 50552860-683f-11e7-a608-245a56a32efc.
    2017-07-14T02:51:19.827411Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
    2017-07-14T02:51:19.829059Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: gIMndkX:N1po

主要要关注一个地方是会生成一个root的密码，需要用到这个初始化密码去改root密码

2017-07-14T02:51:19.829059Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: gIMndkX:N1po

然后进入到mysql的目录下的support-files目录，里面有mysql服务器的启动脚本mysql.server,但是里面的basedir跟datadir要修改成与你在命令参数启动一致的文件名  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

启动

chenrenyuan-MacBookPro:support-files chenrenyuan$ bash mysql.server start
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
    chenrenyuan-MacBookPro:support-files chenrenyuan$

然后使用 进入修改密码，不修改密码前进行操作会报错

mysql -u root -h localhost -p

mysql> show tables;
    ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
    mysql> use mysql;
    ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
    mysql>

修改密码

set password for root@localhost = password('root');

退出重新登录使用修改密码即可

配置文件配置utf8编码配置demo

[mysqld]
    character-set-server=utf8
    collation-server=utf8_general_ci
    
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysql.server]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    
    [mysqld_safe]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    
    [client]
    default-character-set=utf8

[SouthEast]: /images/20220612/2e82d313e2234ccaaaef29144d8da992.png