Redis与Memcached安装

喜欢ヅ旅行 2022-06-10 12:18 259阅读 0赞

**Redis安装**：  
$ wget [http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz][http_download.redis.io_releases_redis-3.2.0.tar.gz]  
**$ tar -xzf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz**  
cdredis−3.2.0 make  
You need tcl 8.5 or newer in order to run the Redis test  
make: *\** \[test\] Error 1  
\[html\] view plain copy 在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片  
wget [http://downloads.sourceforge.net/tcl/tcl8.6.1-src.tar.gz][http_downloads.sourceforge.net_tcl_tcl8.6.1-src.tar.gz]  
sudo tar xzvf tcl8.6.1-src.tar.gz -C /usr/local/  
cd /usr/local/tcl8.6.1/unix/  
sudo ./configure  
sudo make  
sudo make install  
[http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuhongbao/archive/2013/06/04/3117997.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_zhuhongbao_archive_2013_06_04_3117997.html]  
将redis.conf配置文件复制到/etc/下  
\[root@iZm5eaxgp4a62gtgth3cilZ bin\]\# cd /tmp/redis-3.2.0  
\[root@iZm5eaxgp4a62gtgth3cilZ redis-3.2.0\]\# cp redis.conf /etc/  
\[root@iZm5eaxgp4a62gtgth3cilZ redis-3.2.0\]\#  
redis安装后会在/usr/local/bin中生成下面红色的文件  
\[root@iZm5eaxgp4a62gtgth3cilZ redis-3.2.0\]\# cd /usr/local/bin/  
\[root@iZm5eaxgp4a62gtgth3cilZ bin\]\# dir  
redis-benchmark redis-check-rdb redis-sentinel  
redis-check-aof redis-cli redis-server  
它们的作用如下：  
redis-server：Redis服务器的daemon启动程序  
redis-cli：Redis命令行操作工具。也可以用telnet根据其纯文本协议来操作  
redis-benchmark：Redis性能测试工具，测试Redis在当前系统下的读写性能  
redis-check-aof：数据修复  
redis-check-dump：检查导出工具  
修改redis配置文件  
a) $ cd /etc  
b) vi redis.conf  
c) 修改daemonize yes—目的使进程在后台运行  
[http://www.runoob.com/redis/redis-conf.html][http_www.runoob.com_redis_redis-conf.html] redis使用实例

\[root@iZm5eaxgp4a62gtgth3cilZ bin\]\#

**Memcached安装**  
wget [http://memcached.org/latest][http_memcached.org_latest]  
tar -zxvf latest  
cd memcached-1.x.x  
./configure && make && make test && sudo make install  
不先安装libevent，memcache make时报错：  
\[root@iZ2zeiv4hb4aj7ldp5cq77Z memcached-1.5.0\]\# make  
make: *\** No targets specified and no makefile found. Stop.  
得下载libevent  
wget [http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz][http_www.monkey.org_provos_libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz] 或者  
wget [https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.8-stable/libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz][https_github.com_libevent_libevent_releases_download_release-2.1.8-stable_libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz]  
先安装libevent：得先安装libevent

# tar zxvf libevent-2.0.22.tar.gz #

# cd libevent-2.0.22 #

# ./configure –prefix=/usr #

# make #

# make install #

[http://www.cnblogs.com/zgx/archive/2011/08/10/2134097.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_zgx_archive_2011_08_10_2134097.html]  
操作中遇到的问题：  
\[root@localhost memcached-1.4.29\]\# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 192.168.1.110 -p 12000 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid  
/usr/local/bin/memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-2.0.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory  
[http://blog.csdn.net/ei\_\_nino/article/details/8628406][http_blog.csdn.net_ei_nino_article_details_8628406]  
ldd /usr/local/bin/memcached

LD\_DEBUG=libs ./memcached -v找出错误原因：找到libevent-2.0.so.5的位置：  
[http://www.cnblogs.com/youngt/p/3791216.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_youngt_p_3791216.html]

我们可以通过 telnet 命令并指定主机ip和端口来连接 Memcached 服务：  
[http://www.runoob.com/memcached/memcached-connection.html][http_www.runoob.com_memcached_memcached-connection.html]  
安装telnet  
yum install telnet  
yum install telnet-server  
\[root@iZ2zeiv4hb4aj7ldp5cq77Z memcached-1.5.0\]\# telnet localhost  
Trying 127.0.0.1…  
telnet: connect to address 127.0.0.1: Connection refused  
Trying ::1…  
telnet: connect to address ::1: No route to host  
解决方法：iptables -F 不行！  
[http://blog.csdn.net/allenmyth/article/details/41410985][http_blog.csdn.net_allenmyth_article_details_41410985]  
\[root@iZ2zeiv4hb4aj7ldp5cq77Z ~\]\# service xinetd restart  
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart xinetd.service  
Failed to restart xinetd.service: Unit not found.  
\[root@iZ2zeiv4hb4aj7ldp5cq77Z ~\]\# yum -y install xinetd

因为装好telnet服务之后，默认是不开启服务的，下面我们需要修改文件来开启服务。  
vi /etc/xinetd.d/telnet  
修改 disable = yes 为 disable = no  
:wq!存储——别告诉我你不懂的用vi…如果真的这样，推荐你再看看我的安装使用vi的经验！  
5.需要激活xinetd服务  
service xinetd restart  
我在使用中第一次有提示错误，第二次运行就没事了:)  
6.需要测试telnet是否成功开启  
telnet localhost  
如果前面的操作都没问题，输入用户名密码能登录成功。  
7.当你使用其他机器远程telnet的时候，如果不成功，那么很有可能是防火墙的问题，下面我们来修改防火墙的设置  
首先，使用netstat –tunlp查看是否23端口被防火墙封掉了：

再使用iptables修改设置，使用service iptables save保存设置，然后service iptables restart重启防火墙。搞定！

终极解决方法：  
/usr/bin/memcached -d -m 32 -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -u root  
晕，终于发现了问题存在的原因：我在启动时使用了 -l 参数，它指定了连接到memcached服务器的IP地址为 127.0.0.1。换句话说只有本地才能连接到memcached。既然找到了问题的原因，那么解决自然就不是问题了，启动时使用这个命令：  
//usr/bin/memcached -d -m 32 -p 11211 -u root  
去掉了 -l 参数，(关于memcache的其它参数请参考 php的memcache模块的优化 ) 这样在没有指定连接到memcached服务器的IP地址时就允许任一IP来连接。  
iptables -A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 12000 -j ACCEPT  
iptables -A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 12000 -j ACCEPT  
重启防火墙  
service iptables restart  
[http://www.server110.com/linux/201309/937.html][http_www.server110.com_linux_201309_937.html]  
[http://www.runoob.com/memcached/memcached-set-data.html][http_www.runoob.com_memcached_memcached-set-data.html] 开始操作Memcached命令

[http_download.redis.io_releases_redis-3.2.0.tar.gz]: http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
[http_downloads.sourceforge.net_tcl_tcl8.6.1-src.tar.gz]: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/tcl/tcl8.6.1-src.tar.gz
[http_www.cnblogs.com_zhuhongbao_archive_2013_06_04_3117997.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuhongbao/archive/2013/06/04/3117997.html
[http_www.runoob.com_redis_redis-conf.html]: http://www.runoob.com/redis/redis-conf.html
[http_memcached.org_latest]: http://memcached.org/latest
[http_www.monkey.org_provos_libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz]: http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
[https_github.com_libevent_libevent_releases_download_release-2.1.8-stable_libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz]: https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.8-stable/libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz
[http_www.cnblogs.com_zgx_archive_2011_08_10_2134097.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/zgx/archive/2011/08/10/2134097.html
[http_blog.csdn.net_ei_nino_article_details_8628406]: http://blog.csdn.net/ei__nino/article/details/8628406
[http_www.cnblogs.com_youngt_p_3791216.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/youngt/p/3791216.html
[http_www.runoob.com_memcached_memcached-connection.html]: http://www.runoob.com/memcached/memcached-connection.html
[http_blog.csdn.net_allenmyth_article_details_41410985]: http://blog.csdn.net/allenmyth/article/details/41410985
[http_www.server110.com_linux_201309_937.html]: http://www.server110.com/linux/201309/937.html
[http_www.runoob.com_memcached_memcached-set-data.html]: http://www.runoob.com/memcached/memcached-set-data.html