Gradle快速

- 日理万妓 2022-06-05 04:37 230阅读 0赞

Gradle强大的编译能力和构建能力足以胜任日常中的开发，很多人将其视为maven的替代方案，至于用maven还是用Gradle这个根据各人喜爱或团队要求来决定。

### Gradle快速查看指南 ###

官网提供：[https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html][https_docs.gradle.org_current_dsl_index.html]

*  Home
    
     *  [Introduction][]
     *  [Some basics][]
     *  [Build script structure][]
     *  [Core types][]
     *  [Container types][]
     *  [Help Task types][]
     *  [Task types][]
     *  [Reporting types][]
     *  [Eclipse/IDEA model types][Eclipse_IDEA model types]
     *  [Eclipse/IDEA task types][Eclipse_IDEA task types]
     *  [Native software model types][]
     *  [Native binary task types][]
 *  Build script blocks
 *  [`allprojects { }`][allprojects _]
 *  [`artifacts { }`][artifacts _]
 *  [`buildscript { }`][buildscript _]
 *  [`configurations { }`][configurations _]
 *  [`dependencies { }`][dependencies _]
 *  [`repositories { }`][repositories _]
 *  [`sourceSets { }`][sourceSets _]
 *  [`subprojects { }`][subprojects _]
 *  [`publishing { }`][publishing _]
 *  Core types
 *  [`Project`][Project]
 *  [`Task`][Task]
 *  [`Gradle`][Gradle]
 *  [`Settings`][Settings]
 *  [`Script`][Script]
 *  [`JavaToolChain`][JavaToolChain]
 *  [`SourceSet`][SourceSet]
 *  [`SourceSetOutput`][SourceSetOutput]
 *  [`IncrementalTaskInputs`][IncrementalTaskInputs]
 *  [`Configuration`][Configuration]
 *  [`ResolutionStrategy`][ResolutionStrategy]
 *  [`ArtifactResolutionQuery`][ArtifactResolutionQuery]
 *  [`ComponentSelection`][ComponentSelection]
 *  [`ComponentSelectionRules`][ComponentSelectionRules]
 *  [`ConventionProperty`][ConventionProperty]
 *  [`GradlePluginPortal`][GradlePluginPortal]
 *  [`ExtensionAware`][ExtensionAware]
 *  [`ExtraPropertiesExtension`][ExtraPropertiesExtension]
 *  [`PublishingExtension`][PublishingExtension]
 *  [`IvyPublication`][IvyPublication]
 *  [`IvyArtifact`][IvyArtifact]
 *  [`IvyArtifactSet`][IvyArtifactSet]
 *  [`IvyModuleDescriptorSpec`][IvyModuleDescriptorSpec]
 *  [`IvyPluginRepository`][IvyPluginRepository]
 *  [`MavenPublication`][MavenPublication]
 *  [`MavenArtifact`][MavenArtifact]
 *  [`MavenArtifactSet`][MavenArtifactSet]
 *  [`MavenPom`][MavenPom]
 *  [`MavenPluginRepository`][MavenPluginRepository]
 *  [`PluginDependenciesSpec`][PluginDependenciesSpec]
 *  [`PluginDependencySpec`][PluginDependencySpec]
 *  [`PluginRepositoriesSpec`][PluginRepositoriesSpec]
 *  [`PluginRepository`][PluginRepository]
 *  [`ResourceHandler`][ResourceHandler]
 *  [`TextResourceFactory`][TextResourceFactory]
 *  Container types
 *  [`ConfigurationContainer`][ConfigurationContainer]
 *  [`RepositoryHandler`][RepositoryHandler]
 *  [`DependencyHandler`][DependencyHandler]
 *  [`ArtifactHandler`][ArtifactHandler]
 *  Help Task types
 *  [`TaskReportTask`][TaskReportTask]
 *  [`ProjectReportTask`][ProjectReportTask]
 *  [`DependencyReportTask`][DependencyReportTask]
 *  [`DependencyInsightReportTask`][DependencyInsightReportTask]
 *  [`PropertyReportTask`][PropertyReportTask]
 *  [`ComponentReport`][ComponentReport]
 *  [`ModelReport`][ModelReport]
 *  Task types
 *  [`AntlrTask`][AntlrTask]
 *  [`BuildEnvironmentReportTask`][BuildEnvironmentReportTask]
 *  [`Checkstyle`][Checkstyle]
 *  [`CodeNarc`][CodeNarc]
 *  [`CompareGradleBuilds`][CompareGradleBuilds]
 *  [`Copy`][Copy]
 *  [`CreateStartScripts`][CreateStartScripts]
 *  [`Delete`][Delete]
 *  [`Ear`][Ear]
 *  [`Exec`][Exec]
 *  [`FindBugs`][FindBugs]
 *  [`GenerateIvyDescriptor`][GenerateIvyDescriptor]
 *  [`GenerateMavenPom`][GenerateMavenPom]
 *  [`GenerateBuildDashboard`][GenerateBuildDashboard]
 *  [`GradleBuild`][GradleBuild]
 *  [`GroovyCompile`][GroovyCompile]
 *  [`Groovydoc`][Groovydoc]
 *  [`HtmlDependencyReportTask`][HtmlDependencyReportTask]
 *  [`JacocoReport`][JacocoReport]
 *  [`JacocoMerge`][JacocoMerge]
 *  [`Jar`][Jar]
 *  [`JavaCompile`][JavaCompile]
 *  [`Javadoc`][Javadoc]
 *  [`JavaExec`][JavaExec]
 *  [`JDepend`][JDepend]
 *  [`JettyRun`][JettyRun]
 *  [`JettyRunWar`][JettyRunWar]
 *  [`JettyStop`][JettyStop]
 *  [`Pmd`][Pmd]
 *  [`PublishToIvyRepository`][PublishToIvyRepository]
 *  [`PublishToMavenRepository`][PublishToMavenRepository]
 *  [`ScalaCompile`][ScalaCompile]
 *  [`ScalaDoc`][ScalaDoc]
 *  [`InitBuild`][InitBuild]
 *  [`Sign`][Sign]
 *  [`SonarAnalyze`][SonarAnalyze]
 *  [`SonarRunner`][SonarRunner]
 *  [`Sync`][Sync]
 *  [`Tar`][Tar]
 *  [`Test`][Test]
 *  [`TestReport`][TestReport]
 *  [`Upload`][Upload]
 *  [`War`][War]
 *  [`Wrapper`][Wrapper]
 *  [`Zip`][Zip]
 *  Reporting types
 *  [`CustomizableHtmlReport`][CustomizableHtmlReport]
 *  [`SingleFileReport`][SingleFileReport]
 *  [`DirectoryReport`][DirectoryReport]
 *  [`FindBugsXmlReport`][FindBugsXmlReport]
 *  [`Report`][Report]
 *  [`Reporting`][Reporting]
 *  [`ReportContainer`][ReportContainer]
 *  [`ReportingExtension`][ReportingExtension]
 *  Eclipse/IDEA model types
 *  [`EclipseModel`][EclipseModel]
 *  [`EclipseProject`][EclipseProject]
 *  [`EclipseClasspath`][EclipseClasspath]
 *  [`EclipseJdt`][EclipseJdt]
 *  [`EclipseWtp`][EclipseWtp]
 *  [`EclipseWtpComponent`][EclipseWtpComponent]
 *  [`EclipseWtpFacet`][EclipseWtpFacet]
 *  [`IdeaModel`][IdeaModel]
 *  [`IdeaProject`][IdeaProject]
 *  [`IdeaModule`][IdeaModule]
 *  [`IdeaWorkspace`][IdeaWorkspace]
 *  [`XmlFileContentMerger`][XmlFileContentMerger]
 *  [`FileContentMerger`][FileContentMerger]
 *  Eclipse/IDEA task types
 *  [`GenerateEclipseProject`][GenerateEclipseProject]
 *  [`GenerateEclipseClasspath`][GenerateEclipseClasspath]
 *  [`GenerateEclipseJdt`][GenerateEclipseJdt]
 *  [`GenerateEclipseWtpComponent`][GenerateEclipseWtpComponent]
 *  [`GenerateEclipseWtpFacet`][GenerateEclipseWtpFacet]
 *  [`GenerateIdeaModule`][GenerateIdeaModule]
 *  [`GenerateIdeaProject`][GenerateIdeaProject]
 *  [`GenerateIdeaWorkspace`][GenerateIdeaWorkspace]
 *  Native software types
 *  [`PrebuiltLibrary`][PrebuiltLibrary]
 *  [`PrebuiltSharedLibraryBinary`][PrebuiltSharedLibraryBinary]
 *  [`PrebuiltStaticLibraryBinary`][PrebuiltStaticLibraryBinary]
 *  [`NativeComponentSpec`][NativeComponentSpec]
 *  [`NativeExecutableSpec`][NativeExecutableSpec]
 *  [`NativeLibrarySpec`][NativeLibrarySpec]
 *  [`NativeBinarySpec`][NativeBinarySpec]
 *  [`NativeExecutableBinarySpec`][NativeExecutableBinarySpec]
 *  [`NativeLibraryBinarySpec`][NativeLibraryBinarySpec]
 *  [`SharedLibraryBinarySpec`][SharedLibraryBinarySpec]
 *  [`StaticLibraryBinarySpec`][StaticLibraryBinarySpec]
 *  [`NativePlatform`][NativePlatform]
 *  [`BuildType`][BuildType]
 *  [`Flavor`][Flavor]
 *  [`Gcc`][Gcc]
 *  [`Clang`][Clang]
 *  [`VisualCpp`][VisualCpp]
 *  [`NativeTestSuiteSpec`][NativeTestSuiteSpec]
 *  [`NativeTestSuiteBinarySpec`][NativeTestSuiteBinarySpec]
 *  [`CUnitTestSuiteSpec`][CUnitTestSuiteSpec]
 *  [`GoogleTestTestSuiteSpec`][GoogleTestTestSuiteSpec]
 *  [`AssemblerSourceSet`][AssemblerSourceSet]
 *  [`CSourceSet`][CSourceSet]
 *  [`CppSourceSet`][CppSourceSet]
 *  [`ObjectiveCSourceSet`][ObjectiveCSourceSet]
 *  [`ObjectiveCppSourceSet`][ObjectiveCppSourceSet]
 *  [`WindowsResourceSet`][WindowsResourceSet]
 *  [`VisualStudioProject`][VisualStudioProject]
 *  [`VisualStudioSolution`][VisualStudioSolution]
 *  [`NativeExecutable`][NativeExecutable]
 *  [`NativeLibrary`][NativeLibrary]
 *  [`NativeBinary`][NativeBinary]
 *  [`NativeExecutableBinary`][NativeExecutableBinary]
 *  [`SharedLibraryBinary`][SharedLibraryBinary]
 *  [`StaticLibraryBinary`][StaticLibraryBinary]
 *  Native component task types
 *  [`CppCompile`][CppCompile]
 *  [`CCompile`][CCompile]
 *  [`Assemble`][Assemble]
 *  [`ObjectiveCCompile`][ObjectiveCCompile]
 *  [`ObjectiveCppCompile`][ObjectiveCppCompile]
 *  [`WindowsResourceCompile`][WindowsResourceCompile]
 *  [`LinkExecutable`][LinkExecutable]
 *  [`LinkSharedLibrary`][LinkSharedLibrary]
 *  [`CreateStaticLibrary`][CreateStaticLibrary]
 *  [`InstallExecutable`][InstallExecutable]
 *  [`RunTestExecutable`][RunTestExecutable]

#  #

### Gradle常用命令列表 ###

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1.  gradle build  
2.  gradle test  
3.  gradle compilejava  
4.  gradle jar  
5.  gradle clean  
6.  gradle jar  
7.  gradle init  
8.  //生成wrapper包  
9.  gradle wrapper  
10. gradle compilejava  
11. gradle javadoc  
12. gradle dependencies  
13. gradle help  
14. gradle check  
15. gradle test  
16. gradle -v  
17. gradle --info  
18. gradle --debug  
19. gradle --help  
20. //列出可执行的所有任务(即查看可以执行的命令)  
21. gradle tasks  
22. gradle -q tasks

### 包的依赖 ###

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1.  dependencies \{  
2.      compile group: 'commons-collections', name: 'commons-collections', version: '3.2'  
3.      testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.+'  
4.  \}

### 依赖仓库 ###

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1.  repositories \{  
2.      mavenLocal()  
3.      mavenCentral()  
4.  \}

# Gradle任务操作    #

====以下内容转载自：[http://blog.csdn.net/jjwwmlp456/article/details/41350413][http_blog.csdn.net_jjwwmlp456_article_details_41350413]

新建一个build.gradle文件，以下示例都编辑在build.gradle中。

说明：> 后 跟gradle命令。 -q参数会关闭一些命令中的log信息，如 gradle -q hello

### 定义一个任务，并执行 ###

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1.  task hello \{  
2.      doLast \{  
3.          println 'Hello world!\\nadmin'  
4.      \}  
5.  \}

> gradle hello

### 定义一个快捷任务 ###

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1.  task hello2 << \{  
2.          println 'admin\\nHello world!'  
3.        
4.  \}

> gradle hello2

<< 代表 doLast\{\}

### 使用Groovy 语言 ###

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1.  task upper << \{  
2.      String someString = 'mY\_nAmE'  
3.      println "Original: " + someString   
4.      println "Upper case: " + someString.toUpperCase()  
5.  \}

> gradle upper

### 循环遍历 ###

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1.  task foreach << \{  
2.      10.times \{ println "the times is $it." \}  
3.  \}

> gradle foreach

10.times，循环条件<10；$it 表示循环变量

### 依赖其他任务 ###

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1.  task intro(dependsOn: hello) << \{  
2.      println "I'm Gradle---intro"  
3.  \}

> gradle intro

依赖任务hello，会先调用hello，再执行当前task

### 依赖的任务定义在当前任务之后 ###

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1.  task taskX(dependsOn: 'taskY') << \{  
2.      println 'taskX'  
3.  \}  
4.  task taskY << \{  
5.      println 'taskY'  
6.  \}

> gradle taskX

依赖定义在后面的任务，需要在任务名上加单引号。 而上一个例子，加不加单引号都可以

### 动态任务 ###

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1.  4.times \{ counter ->  
2.      task "task$counter" << \{  
3.          println "I'm task number $counter"  
4.      \}  
5.  \}

> gradle task\[0-4\]

循环四次，生成4个task， 任务名分别为task0,task1,task2,task3。

### 动态任务依赖动态任务 ###

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1.  task0.dependsOn task2, task3

> gradle task0

当然动态依赖静态，静态依赖动态都是可以的

### 符号<< 和 doFirst、doLast ###

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1.  task hello3 << \{  
2.      println 'Hello Earth'  
3.  \}  
4.  hello3.doFirst \{  
5.      println 'Hello Venus'  
6.  \}  
7.  hello3.doLast \{  
8.      println 'Hello Mars'  
9.  \}  
10. hello3 << \{  
11.     println 'Hello Jupiter'  
12. \}

> gradle hello3

可以有多个doFirst和doLast(或<<)。doFirtst先执行，doLast在其后。这里顺序就应为：Venus、Earth、Mars、Jupiter

### 使用外部任务的属性 ###

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1.  task myTask \{  
2.      ext.myProperty = "myValue"  
3.  \}  
4.  task extraProps << \{  
5.      println myTask.myProperty  
6.  \}

> gradle extraProps

### 使用ant任务 ###

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1.  task loadfile1 << \{  
2.      def files = file('../builds').listFiles().sort()  
3.      files.each \{ File file ->  
4.          **if** (file.isFile()) \{  
5.              ant.loadfile(srcFile: file, property: file.name)  
6.              println " \*\*\* $file.name \*\*\*"  
7.              println "$\{ant.properties\[file.name\]\}"  
8.          \}  
9.      \}  
10. \}

> gradle loadfile1

调用任务ant.properties。这里输出了文件的内容

### 使用ant任务，并调用了Method ###

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1.  task checksum << \{  
2.      fileList('../builds').each \{File file ->  
3.          ant.checksum(file: file, property: "cs\_$file.name")  
4.          println "$file.name Checksum: $\{ant.properties\["cs\_$file.name"\]\}"  
5.      \}  
6.  \}  
7.  task loadfile2 << \{  
8.      fileList('../builds/').each \{File file ->  
9.          ant.loadfile(srcFile: file, property: file.name)  
10.         println "I'm fond of $file.name"  
11.     \}  
12. \}  
13. File\[\] fileList(String dir) \{  
14.     file(dir).listFiles(\{file -> file.isFile() \} as FileFilter).sort()  
15. \}  
16.   
17. > gradle loadfile2  
18.   
19. > gradle checksum

声明了method ---- fileList()

### 默认任务  ###

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1.  defaultTasks 'clean', 'run'  
2.    
3.  task clean << \{  
4.      println 'Default Cleaning!'  
5.  \}  
6.  task run << \{  
7.      println 'Default Running!'  
8.  \}  
9.  task other << \{  
10.     println "I'm not a default task!"  
11. \}  
12.   
13. > gradle

后不跟任务名即 执行默认任务

### Configure by DAG ###

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1.  task distribution << \{  
2.      println "We build the zip with version=$version"  
3.  \}  
4.  task release(dependsOn: 'distribution') << \{  
5.      println 'We release now'  
6.  \}  
7.  gradle.taskGraph.whenReady \{taskGraph ->  
8.      **if** (taskGraph.hasTask(release)) \{  
9.          version = '1.0'  
10.     \} **else** \{  
11.         version = '1.0-SNAPSHOT'  
12.     \}  
13. \}

> gradle distribution

运行任务图中没有release-task，输出 We build the zip with version=1.0-SNAPSHOT

> release

运行任务图中有release-task，输出 We build the zip with version=1.0

===以上内容转载自：[http://blog.csdn.net/jjwwmlp456/article/details/41350413][http_blog.csdn.net_jjwwmlp456_article_details_41350413]

[https_docs.gradle.org_current_dsl_index.html]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html
[Introduction]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N1000C
[Some basics]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N10011
[Build script structure]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N10060
[Core types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N100CA
[Container types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N10292
[Help Task types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N102D8
[Task types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N10335
[Reporting types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N10502
[Eclipse_IDEA model types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N1055E
[Eclipse_IDEA task types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N105E7
[Native software model types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N10644
[Native binary task types]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/index.html#N107C3
[allprojects _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:allprojects%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[artifacts _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:artifacts%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[buildscript _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:buildscript%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[configurations _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:configurations%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[dependencies _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:dependencies%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[repositories _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:repositories%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[sourceSets _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:sourceSets%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[subprojects _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:subprojects%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[publishing _]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html#org.gradle.api.Project:publishing%28groovy.lang.Closure%29
[Project]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Project.html
[Task]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Task.html
[Gradle]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.invocation.Gradle.html
[Settings]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.initialization.Settings.html
[Script]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.Script.html
[JavaToolChain]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.jvm.toolchain.JavaToolChain.html
[SourceSet]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSet.html
[SourceSetOutput]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSetOutput.html
[IncrementalTaskInputs]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.tasks.incremental.IncrementalTaskInputs.html
[Configuration]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.artifacts.Configuration.html
[ResolutionStrategy]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.artifacts.ResolutionStrategy.html
[ArtifactResolutionQuery]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.artifacts.query.ArtifactResolutionQuery.html
[ComponentSelection]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.artifacts.ComponentSelection.html
[ComponentSelectionRules]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.artifacts.ComponentSelectionRules.html
[ConventionProperty]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.dsl.ConventionProperty.html
[GradlePluginPortal]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.plugin.repository.GradlePluginPortal.html
[ExtensionAware]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.plugins.ExtensionAware.html
[ExtraPropertiesExtension]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.plugins.ExtraPropertiesExtension.html
[PublishingExtension]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.PublishingExtension.html
[IvyPublication]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.ivy.IvyPublication.html
[IvyArtifact]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.ivy.IvyArtifact.html
[IvyArtifactSet]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.ivy.IvyArtifactSet.html
[IvyModuleDescriptorSpec]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.ivy.IvyModuleDescriptorSpec.html
[IvyPluginRepository]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.plugin.repository.IvyPluginRepository.html
[MavenPublication]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.maven.MavenPublication.html
[MavenArtifact]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.maven.MavenArtifact.html
[MavenArtifactSet]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.maven.MavenArtifactSet.html
[MavenPom]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.publish.maven.MavenPom.html
[MavenPluginRepository]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.plugin.repository.MavenPluginRepository.html
[PluginDependenciesSpec]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.plugin.use.PluginDependenciesSpec.html
[PluginDependencySpec]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.plugin.use.PluginDependencySpec.html
[PluginRepositoriesSpec]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.plugin.repository.PluginRepositoriesSpec.html
[PluginRepository]: https://docs.gradle.org/current/dsl/org.gradle.plugin.repository.PluginRepository.html
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[view plain]: http://blog.csdn.net/boonya/article/details/52047356#
[http_blog.csdn.net_jjwwmlp456_article_details_41350413]: http://blog.csdn.net/jjwwmlp456/article/details/41350413