Dubbo第一章：Dubbo-admin编译和Dubbo简单入门

Dear 丶 2022-06-04 09:36 291阅读 0赞

背景

Dubbo的开源人梁飞在内部的交流会上宣布重启dubbo的维护和更新，具体PPT内容请看我的个人订阅号。

因此本文基于2017-12-10号的维护的版本dubbo-2.5.7。

这里为何从Dubbo-admin开始，这不是最重要的部分，但是却是dubbo源码编译最简单的部分。

准备工作

按照zookeeper服务（参考单机安装zookeeper安装）

下载dubbo源码
https://github.com/alibaba/dubbo/releases/tag/dubbo-2.5.7

当然也可以直接从我的github上面直接下载已经编译好了的war包
https://github.com/BambooZhang/dubbo-study

dubbo-admin编译

解压后这里只用到一个项目就是dubbo-admin

  1. cd D:\git_space\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-admin
  2. mvn package -Dmaven.skip.test=true

出现下面的结果则说明编译成功

  1. [INFO]
  2. [INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ dubbo-admin ---
  3. [INFO] Packaging webapp
  4. [INFO] Assembling webapp [dubbo-admin] in [D:\git_space\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-admin\target\dubbo-admin-2.5.7]
  5. [INFO] Processing war project
  6. [INFO] Copying webapp resources [D:\git_space\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-admin\src\main\webapp]
  7. [INFO] Webapp assembled in [880 msecs]
  8. [INFO] Building war: D:\git_space\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-dubbo-2.5.7\dubbo-admin\target\dubbo-admin-2.5.7.war
  9. [INFO] WEB-INF\web.xml already added, skipping
  10. [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  11. [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
  12. [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  13. [INFO] Total time: 24.516 s
  14. [INFO] Finished at: 2017-12-10T17:38:17+08:00
  15. [INFO] Final Memory: 19M/244M
  16. [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

部署dubbo-admin到tomcat

把target\dubbo-admin-2.5.7下面的文件都拷贝到tomcat/webapps/ROOT下面

这里写图片描述

修改配置dubbo.properties
zookeeper地址修改为自己安装的ip地址，默认是127.0.0.1

  1. dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://192.168.0.91:2181
  2. dubbo.admin.root.password=root
  3. dubbo.admin.guest.password=guest

启动dubbo-admin

首先启动zookeeper服务，在启动tomcat
启动完成访问localhost:8080
默认账号密码都是root
这里写图片描述

Dubbo服务提供者和消费者demo

dubbo-admin-2.5.7.war管理中心
dubbo-provider服务器提供者
dubbo-consumer服务器消费者

spring版本：4.3.9.RELEASE

dubbo-provider服务器提供者

这里写图片描述

pom

  1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  2.   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  3.   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  5.   <groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
  6.   <artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
  7.   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  8.   <packaging>jar</packaging>
  10.   <name>dubbo-provider</name>
  11.   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  13.     <repositories>
  14.         <repository>
  15.             <id>maven-ali</id>
  16.             <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
  17.             <releases>
  18.                 <enabled>true</enabled>
  19.             </releases>
  20.             <snapshots>
  21.                 <enabled>true</enabled>
  22.                 <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
  23.                 <checksumPolicy>fail</checksumPolicy>
  24.             </snapshots>
  25.         </repository>
  27.     </repositories>
  29.   <properties>
  30.     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  31.      <spring.version>4.3.9.RELEASE</spring.version>  
  32.   </properties>
  35.     <dependencies>  
  36.         <dependency>  
  37.             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  
  38.             <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>  
  39.             <version>2.5.7</version>  
  40.             <exclusions>  
  41.                 <exclusion>  
  42.                     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  43.                     <artifactId>spring</artifactId>  
  44.                 </exclusion>  
  45.             </exclusions>  
  46.         </dependency>  
  47.         <dependency>  
  48.             <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>  
  49.             <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>  
  50.             <version>0.1</version>  
  51.         </dependency>  
  52.         <!-- spring相关 -->  
  53.         <dependency>  
  54.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  55.             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
  56.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  57.         </dependency>  
  58.         <dependency>  
  59.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  60.             <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
  61.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  62.         </dependency>  
  63.         <dependency>  
  64.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  65.             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
  66.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  67.         </dependency>  
  68.         <dependency>  
  69.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  70.             <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>  
  71.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  72.         </dependency>  
  73.         <dependency>  
  74.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  75.             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
  76.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  77.         </dependency>  
  78.         <dependency>  
  79.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  80.             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
  81.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  82.         </dependency>  
  83.         <dependency>  
  84.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  85.             <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>  
  86.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  87.         </dependency>  
  88.         <dependency>  
  89.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  90.             <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>  
  91.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  92.         </dependency>  
  93.         <dependency>  
  94.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  95.             <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>  
  96.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  97.         </dependency>  
  98.         <dependency>  
  99.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  100.             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
  101.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  102.         </dependency>  
  103.         <dependency>  
  104.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  105.             <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>  
  106.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  107.         </dependency>  
  108.         <dependency>  
  109.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  110.             <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>  
  111.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  112.         </dependency>  
  114.     <dependency>
  115.       <groupId>junit</groupId>
  116.       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  117.       <version>3.8.1</version>
  118.       <scope>test</scope>
  119.     </dependency>
  120.   </dependencies>
  121. </project>

applicationProvider.xml

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
  2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
  3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"  
  4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
  5.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
  6.         http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo  
  7.         http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">   
  8.     <!-- 具体的实现bean -->  
  9.     <bean id="providerService" class="com.bamboo.dubbo_provider.ProviderServiceImpl" />  
  10.     <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->  
  11.     <dubbo:application name="dubbo_provider"  />    
  12.     <!-- 使用multicast广播注册中心暴露服务地址   
  13.     <dubbo:registry address="multicast://localhost:1234" />-->   
  14.     <!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心暴露服务地址 127.0.0.1:2181 -->  
  15.     <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.0.91:2181" />     
  16.     <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->  
  17.     <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="29014" />  
  18.     <!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->  
  19.     <dubbo:service interface="com.bamboo.service.ProviderService" ref="providerService" />  
  20. </beans>

java

service

  1. package com.bamboo.service;
  3. public interface  ProviderService {
  5.     public String sayHello(String name);
  6. }

ProviderServiceImpl

  1. package com.bamboo.dubbo_provider;
  3. import com.bamboo.service.ProviderService;
  5. public class ProviderServiceImpl implements ProviderService {  
  7.     public String sayHello(String name) {         
  8.         return "Hello:"+name+"你好，你好~~";  
  9.     }  
  11. }

main.java

  1. package com.bamboo.dubbo_provider;
  3. import java.io.IOException;
  5. import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
  7. /**
  8.  * dubbo 服务提供端
  9.  * @author bamboo
  10.  */
  11. public class App 
  12. {
  13.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
  14.         ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(    
  15.                 new String[]{"applicationProvider.xml"});
  16.         context.start();   
  17.         System.out.println("提供者服务已注册成功");    
  18.         System.out.println("请按任意键取消提供者服务");    
  19.         try {  
  20.             System.in.read();//让此程序一直跑，表示一直提供服务  
  21.         } catch (IOException e) {         
  22.             e.printStackTrace();  
  23.         }    
  24.     }
  25. }

运行

  1. log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.env.StandardEnvironment).
  2. log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
  3. 提供者服务已注册成功
  4. 请按任意键取消提供者服务

dubbo-consumer服务器消费者

这里写图片描述

pom

  1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  2.   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  3.   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  5.   <groupId>com.bamboo</groupId>
  6.   <artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
  7.   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  8.   <packaging>jar</packaging>
  10.   <name>dubbo-consumer</name>
  11.   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  13.         <repositories>
  14.         <repository>
  15.             <id>maven-ali</id>
  16.             <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
  17.             <releases>
  18.                 <enabled>true</enabled>
  19.             </releases>
  20.             <snapshots>
  21.                 <enabled>true</enabled>
  22.                 <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
  23.                 <checksumPolicy>fail</checksumPolicy>
  24.             </snapshots>
  25.         </repository>
  27.     </repositories>
  30.   <properties>
  31.     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  32.      <spring.version>4.3.9.RELEASE</spring.version>  
  33.   </properties>
  35.    <dependencies>  
  37.         <!-- 添加dubbo依赖 -->  
  38.         <dependency>  
  39.             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  
  40.             <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>  
  41.             <version>2.5.7</version>  
  42.             <exclusions>  
  43.                 <exclusion>  
  44.                     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  45.                     <artifactId>spring</artifactId>  
  46.                 </exclusion>  
  47.             </exclusions>  
  48.         </dependency>  
  49.         <!-- 添加zk客户端依赖 -->  
  50.         <dependency>  
  51.             <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>  
  52.             <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>  
  53.             <version>0.1</version>  
  54.         </dependency>  
  55.         <!-- spring相关 -->  
  56.         <dependency>  
  57.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  58.             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
  59.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  60.         </dependency>  
  61.         <dependency>  
  62.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  63.             <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
  64.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  65.         </dependency>  
  66.         <dependency>  
  67.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  68.             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
  69.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  70.         </dependency>  
  71.         <dependency>  
  72.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  73.             <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>  
  74.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  75.         </dependency>  
  76.         <dependency>  
  77.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  78.             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
  79.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  80.         </dependency>  
  81.         <dependency>  
  82.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  83.             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
  84.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  85.         </dependency>  
  86.         <dependency>  
  87.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  88.             <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>  
  89.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  90.         </dependency>  
  91.         <dependency>  
  92.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  93.             <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>  
  94.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  95.         </dependency>  
  96.         <dependency>  
  97.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  98.             <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>  
  99.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  100.         </dependency>  
  101.         <dependency>  
  102.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  103.             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
  104.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  105.         </dependency>  
  106.         <dependency>  
  107.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  108.             <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>  
  109.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  110.         </dependency>  
  111.         <dependency>  
  112.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
  113.             <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>  
  114.             <version>${spring.version}</version>  
  115.         </dependency>  
  116.     <dependency>
  117.       <groupId>junit</groupId>
  118.       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  119.       <version>3.8.1</version>
  120.       <scope>test</scope>
  121.     </dependency>
  122.   </dependencies>
  123. </project>

applicationConsumer.xml

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
  2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
  3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"  
  4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
  5.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
  6.         http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo  
  7.         http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">        
  8.     <!-- 消费方应用名，用于计算依赖关系，不是匹配条件，不要与提供方一样 -->  
  9.     <dubbo:application name="dubbo_consumer" />     
  10.       <!-- 使用multicast广播注册中心暴露发现服务地址127.0.0.1:2181 -->  
  11.     <dubbo:registry  protocol="zookeeper" address="zookeeper://192.168.0.91:2181" />       
  12.       <!-- 生成远程服务代理，可以和本地bean一样使用demoService -->  
  13.     <dubbo:reference id="providerService" interface="com.bamboo.service.ProviderService" />  
  14. </beans>

###java
service

  1. package com.bamboo.service;
  3. public interface  ProviderService {
  5.     public String sayHello(String name);
  6. }

main

  1. package com.bamboo.dubbo_consumer;
  3. import java.io.IOException;
  5. import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
  7. import com.bamboo.service.ProviderService;
  9. /**
  10.  * dubbo 服务消费端
  11.  * @author bamboo
  12.  *
  13.  */
  14. public class App 
  15. {
  16.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
  17.         ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(  
  18.                 new String[] { "applicationConsumer.xml" });  
  20.         context.start();  
  21.         ProviderService providerService = (ProviderService) context.getBean("providerService");  
  23.         System.out.println(providerService.sayHello("bamboo"));  
  24.         System.out.println("Press any key to exit.");    
  25.         try {
  26.             System.in.read();  
  27.         } catch (IOException e) {         
  28.             e.printStackTrace();  
  29.         }    
  31.     }  
  32. }

运行

  1. log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.env.StandardEnvironment).
  2. log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
  3. Hello:bamboo你好，你好~~
  4. Press any key to exit.

查看监控列表
这里写图片描述

dubboadmin扩展功能

容错与屏蔽
顾名思义就是当服务提供者出现异常时，消费者是否能够正常处理异常返回预想格式服务，防止崩溃信息抛出到客户

服务降级
超时降级 —— 主要配置好超时时间和超时重试次数和机制，并使用异步机制探测恢复情况
失败次数降级 —— 主要是一些不稳定的API，当失败调用次数达到一定阀值自动降级，同样要使用异步机制探测回复情况
故障降级 —— 如要调用的远程服务挂掉了（网络故障、DNS故障、HTTP服务返回错误的状态码和RPC服务抛出异常），则可以直接降级
限流降级 —— 当触发了限流超额时，可以使用暂时屏蔽的方式来进行短暂的屏蔽

负载均衡
dubbo提供了三个基本的负载均衡策略，分别是 随机访问、轮询、最少并发
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_22152261/article/details/80300597

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