jms基础入门(activemq)

秒速五厘米 2022-06-03 09:00 202阅读 0赞

> ActiveMQ 是Apache出品，最流行的，能力强劲的开源消息总线。ActiveMQ 是一个完全支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4规范的 JMS Provider实现，尽管JMS规范出台已经是很久的事情了，但是JMS在当今的J2EE应用中间仍然扮演着特殊的地位。

### 1.ActiveMQ安装与使用 ###

[点我下载][Link 1]

下载后,进入目录apache-activemq-5.14.0\\bin\\win32|64  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

当然,还可以通过命令开启,

*  普通启动 ./activemq start
 *  启动并指定日志文件 ./activemq start >tmp/smlog
 *  后台启动方式nohup ./activemq start >/tmp/smlog

运行成功后,打开网页,访问[http://localhost:8161/admin/][http_localhost_8161_admin]  
第一次登陆,会要求输入密码 , 默认账号admin 默认密码admin

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]  
以上是登陆成功的页面,不同版本可能页面不同,但功能能用就证明登陆成功,

#### java程序演示 ####

创建一个java项目,导入jar包,  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]

创建一个会话创建者,
    package cn.itcast.demo;
    
    import javax.jms.Connection;
    import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
    import javax.jms.Destination;
    import javax.jms.JMSException;
    import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
    import javax.jms.Session;
    import javax.jms.TextMessage;
    
    import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
    import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
    
    public class JMSProducer { 
        // 默认连接用户名
        private static final String USERNAME = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER;
        // 默认连接密码
        private static final String PASSWORD = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD;
        // 默认连接地址
        private static final String BROKEURL = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_BROKER_URL;
        // 发送的消息数量
        private static final int SENDNUM = 10;
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            // 连接工厂
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
            // 连接
            Connection connection = null;
            // 会话 接受或者发送消息的线程
            Session session;
            // 消息的目的地
            Destination destination;
            // 消息生产者
            MessageProducer messageProducer;
            // 实例化连接工厂
            connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(JMSProducer.USERNAME, JMSProducer.PASSWORD,
                    JMSProducer.BROKEURL);
    
            try {
                // 通过连接工厂获取连接
                connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
                // 启动连接
                connection.start();
                // 创建session
                session = connection.createSession(true, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
                // 创建一个名称为HelloWorld的消息队列
                destination = session.createQueue("HelloWorld");
                // 创建消息生产者
                messageProducer = session.createProducer(destination);
                // 发送消息
                sendMessage(session, messageProducer);
    
                session.commit();
    
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (connection != null) {
                    try {
                        connection.close();
                    } catch (JMSException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
    
        }
    
        /** * 发送消息 * * @param session * @param messageProducer * 消息生产者 * @throws Exception */
        public static void sendMessage(Session session, MessageProducer messageProducer) throws Exception {
            for (int i = 0; i < JMSProducer.SENDNUM; i++) {
                // 创建一条文本消息
                TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("ActiveMQ 发送消息" + i);
                System.out.println("发送消息：Activemq 发送消息" + i);
                // 通过消息生产者发出消息
                messageProducer.send(message);
            }
    
        }
    }

运行如上代码测试  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]

然后我们进入管理页面看看  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 4]

我们创建一个消费者,

package cn.itcast.demo;
    
    import javax.jms.Connection;
    import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
    import javax.jms.Destination;
    import javax.jms.JMSException;
    import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
    import javax.jms.Session;
    import javax.jms.TextMessage;
    
    import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
    import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
    
    public class JMSConsumer { 
        private static final String USERNAME = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER;// 默认连接用户名
        private static final String PASSWORD = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD;// 默认连接密码
        private static final String BROKEURL = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_BROKER_URL;// 默认连接地址
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;// 连接工厂
            Connection connection = null;// 连接
    
            Session session;// 会话 接受或者发送消息的线程
            Destination destination;// 消息的目的地
    
            MessageConsumer messageConsumer;// 消息的消费者
    
            // 实例化连接工厂
            connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(JMSConsumer.USERNAME, JMSConsumer.PASSWORD,
                    JMSConsumer.BROKEURL);
    
            try {
                // 通过连接工厂获取连接
                connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
                // 启动连接
                connection.start();
                // 创建session
                session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
                // 创建一个连接HelloWorld的消息队列
                destination = session.createQueue("HelloWorld");
                // 创建消息消费者
                messageConsumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
    
                while (true) {
                    TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) messageConsumer.receive(100000);
                    if (textMessage != null) {
                        System.out.println("收到的消息:" + textMessage.getText());
                    } else {
                        break;
                    }
                }
    
            } catch (JMSException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    }

运行结果如下  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 5]

然后我们再进入到管理页面  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 6]

其实这些代码没有什么技术量,,复制粘贴就行,,唯一需要改的就是消息队列名了,注意一下就行,

### maven整合spring+jms(activemq) ###

#### applicationContext.xml(模板如下) ####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core" xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms.xsd http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.8.0.xsd ">
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.activemq" />
    
        
        
        
        <amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory" brokerURL="tcp://localhost:61616" userName="admin" password="admin" />
    
        
          
        <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
              
            <property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="amqConnectionFactory"></property>
            
            
            
            <property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100" />
        </bean>
    
         
    
        
        <bean id="jmsQueueTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
              
            <constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory" />
            
            <property name="pubSubDomain" value="false" />
        </bean>
    
            这也是二选一
    
        
        <bean id="jmsTopicTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
               
            <constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory" />
            
            <property name="pubSubDomain" value="true" />
        </bean>
    
        
    
        
    
        
        <jms:listener-container destination-type="queue" container-type="default" connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
         
            <jms:listener destination="test.queue" ref="queueReceiver1"/>
        </jms:listener-container>
    
    
    
        俩种监听方式,一个是一对一,一个是一对多,区别我就不多说了,不会自行百度,通常开发都是二选一,自己选择合适的
    
        
        <jms:listener-container destination-type="topic" container-type="default" connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
            <jms:listener destination="test.topic" ref="topicReceiver1"/>
            <jms:listener destination="test.topic" ref="topicReceiver2"/>
        </jms:listener-container>
    
        
    
    
    </beans>

#### pom依赖 ####

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
            <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
      </dependencies>

好了,我们开始撸代码(做一个注册发短信提示激活功能)

首先写消费者

0.创建一个maven工程

1.复制原先准备好的pom文件

2.编写web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
    
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
    </web-app>

3.配置applicationContext.xml文件(放在resources目录下)

#### 编写消费者类 ####

需要给applicationContext的包扫描扫到,

package cn.itcast.activemq;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.jms.JMSException;
    import javax.jms.MapMessage;
    import javax.jms.Message;
    import javax.jms.MessageListener;
    
    /** * 发送短信系统, */
    @Component
    public class RegisterQueue implements MessageListener { 
        private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RegisterQueue.class);
        public void onMessage(Message message) {
    
            //接收map类型数据
            MapMessage map = (MapMessage)message;
            try {
                String telephone = map.getString("telephone"); //接收电话
                String content = map.getString("content") ;  //这是生产者存入的字段名
                log.info("telephone:"+telephone);
                log.info("content:"+content);
                log.info("模拟发送短信");
            } catch (JMSException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

最后我们需要注意的是,因为是一个单独的系统,所以我们需要配置一个tomcat,在pom文件里面

<plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
            <configuration>
              <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
              <path>/bos_sms</path>
              <port>8892</port>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>

消费者已经写完了,然后我们开始写生产者(客户端),

由于客户端涉及相关业务,不能发完整代码,体谅一下

1.创建一个maven工程,

2.配置web.xml文件,

<-- 配置web.xml -->
    
    <filter>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
    
    
    <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
    
        
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>

配置applicationContext.xml

<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.activemq" />
    
        
        
        
        <amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory" brokerURL="tcp://localhost:61616" userName="admin" password="admin" />
    
        
          
        <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
              
            <property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="amqConnectionFactory"></property>
            
            
            
            <property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100" />
        </bean>
    
         
    
        
        <bean id="jmsQueueTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
              
            <constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory" />
            
            <property name="pubSubDomain" value="false" />
        </bean>

创建一个生产者

@Resource
        private JmsTemplate template;
    
    
       @Action(value = "customerAction_regist",results = {
       @Result(name = "fail",location = "/signup-fail.html",type = "redirect"),
               @Result(name = "success",location = "/signup-success.html",type = "redirect")})
       public String regist(){
    
           String sms_name = "sms.queue";//消息队列明,需要跟我们先前设置消费者的一样
           final String content = "恭喜你,你的账号已注册,请登陆邮箱激活!";//消息内容
    
           //创建一个消息匿名类
           template.send(sms_name, new MessageCreator() {
               public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
                   MapMessage mapMessage = session.createMapMessage();//获取map的消息对象
                   mapMessage.setString("telephone",customer.getTelephone());
                   mapMessage.setString("content",content);
                   return mapMessage;
               }
           });

最后还需要配置一个tomcat ,

<plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
            <configuration>
              <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
              <path>/bos_before</path>
              <port>8890</port>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>

最后启动运行试试,需要注意的是,俩个项目都要启动,  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 7]

sms服务启动成功,接下来我们启动另外一个服务,  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 8]

也启动成功,我们开始代码测试

测试抛出异常

Exception occurred during processing request: null
    java.lang.NullPointerException

根据提示信息发现 , JmsTemplate template;注入失败,

然后一顿乱找,发现是切面的影响的,,这个有点坑

把这行代码注释掉就没问题了

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>

原因是代理类不能使用JmsTemplate,

最后运行是没问题的,

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 9]

jms就讲到这里,提前祝大家圣诞节快乐

[Link 1]: http://archive.apache.org/dist/activemq/apache-activemq/5.9.0/apache-activemq-5.9.0-bin.tar.gz
[SouthEast]: /images/20220603/af1a3b0bb12c448d9cd05752e147d92c.png
[http_localhost_8161_admin]: http://localhost:8161/admin/
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220603/cc20b92248ff463aaef6d286ebc65606.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220603/39dcf1adbfe9492e87c21c6121c5fef6.png
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20220603/375ce8fb391f486abe8f26cd2cd2fef8.png
[SouthEast 4]: /images/20220603/8441018bd05b47e7acb3ac98da1382d3.png
[SouthEast 5]: /images/20220603/af0488e0dc6d48ea834c6064d000149d.png
[SouthEast 6]: /images/20220603/6da8439c2eea489b9ef8db7d9e10f081.png
[SouthEast 7]: /images/20220603/12e910b4c85f4ae6b86ee1c77875e51b.png
[SouthEast 8]: /images/20220603/2e016b365fde45828e22fb0929028421.png
[SouthEast 9]: /images/20220603/5d7e46da8a134b0a890035449fbe8e86.png