Docker命令指南(一）

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2022-06-01 05:26 189阅读 0赞

这里docker常用的命令用法。

## Docker节点Clone ##

Clone镜像到本地文件系统

> docker pull image\_name

示例：

> docker pull training/webapp

运行结果信息输出：

Using default tag: latest
    latest: Pulling from training/webapp
    e190868d63f8: Pull complete 
    909cd34c6fd7: Pull complete 
    0b9bfabab7c1: Pull complete 
    a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete 
    10bbbc0fc0ff: Pull complete 
    fca59b508e9f: Pull complete 
    e7ae2541b15b: Pull complete 
    9dd97ef58ce9: Pull complete 
    a4c1b0cb7af7: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:06e9c1983bd6d5db5fba376ccd63bfa529e8d02f23d5079b8f74a616308fb11d
    Status: Downloaded newer image for training/webapp:latest

## 启动docker app ##

> docker run -d -P training/webapp python app.py

Usage:  
\* -d daemon 后台运行模式  
\* -P 将容器内部使用的网络端口映射到我们使用的主机上。

查看docker进程

> docker ps -l

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND       CREATED      STATUS       PORTS              NAMES
    c47561fa4f2b training/webapp "python app.py" 7 seconds ago Up 6 seconds  0.0.0.0:32768->5000/tcp   agitated_ardinghelli

这里是container id是之后进行操作的唯一标示；这里的PORTS是本地32768端口映射到来docker里面的5000端口。这里可以访问浏览器[http://localhost:32768][http_localhost_32768] ，可以看到hello world 的信息：  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

> docker stop container\_id

停掉container\_id

> docker start container\_id

启动container\_id

## 查看信息 ##

> docker port container\_id

查看container 的端口映射, docker port –> local system port,信息输出：

> 5000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:32768
> 
> docker logs -f container\_id

查看container的日志，示例结果输出：

docker logs -f c47561fa4f2b
     * Running on http://0.0.0.0:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
    172.17.0.1 - - [21/Jan/2018 09:29:16] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -
    172.17.0.1 - - [21/Jan/2018 09:29:16] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 -
    172.17.0.1 - - [21/Jan/2018 09:29:16] "GET /apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png HTTP/1.1" 404 -
    172.17.0.1 - - [21/Jan/2018 09:29:16] "GET /apple-touch-icon.png HTTP/1.1" 404 -

查看inspect的信息，

> docker inspect container\_id

$ docker inspect c47561fa4f2b
    [
        {
            "Id": "c47561fa4f2b99634405bf9f9b62936d81259e90807ec013a24de069ac5bbfa2",
            "Created": "2018-01-21T09:26:48.053246343Z",
            "Path": "python",
            "Args": [
                "app.py"
            ],
            "State": {
                "Status": "running",
                "Running": true,
                "Paused": false,
                "Restarting": false,
                "OOMKilled": false,
                "Dead": false,
                "Pid": 2124,
                "ExitCode": 0,
                "Error": "",
                "StartedAt": "2018-01-21T09:26:48.72844003Z",
                "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
            },
            "Image": "sha256:6fae60ef344644649a39240b94d73b8ba9c67f898ede85cf8e947a887b3e6557",
            "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c47561fa4f2b99634405bf9f9b62936d81259e90807ec013a24de069ac5bbfa2/resolv.conf",
            "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c47561fa4f2b99634405bf9f9b62936d81259e90807ec013a24de069ac5bbfa2/hostname",
            "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c47561fa4f2b99634405bf9f9b62936d81259e90807ec013a24de069ac5bbfa2/hosts",
            "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c47561fa4f2b99634405bf9f9b62936d81259e90807ec013a24de069ac5bbfa2/c47561fa4f2b99634405bf9f9b62936d81259e90807ec013a24de069ac5bbfa2-json.log",
            "Name": "/agitated_ardinghelli",
            "RestartCount": 0,
            "Driver": "overlay2",
            "Platform": "linux",
            "MountLabel": "",
            "ProcessLabel": "",
            "AppArmorProfile": "",
            "ExecIDs": null,
            "HostConfig": {
                "Binds": null,
                "ContainerIDFile": "",
                "LogConfig": {
                    "Type": "json-file",
                    "Config": {}
                },
                "NetworkMode": "default",
                "PortBindings": {},
                "RestartPolicy": {
                    "Name": "no",
                    "MaximumRetryCount": 0
                },
                "AutoRemove": false,
                "VolumeDriver": "",
                "VolumesFrom": null,
                "CapAdd": null,
                "CapDrop": null,
                "Dns": [],
                "DnsOptions": [],
                "DnsSearch": [],
                "ExtraHosts": null,
                "GroupAdd": null,
                "IpcMode": "shareable",
                "Cgroup": "",
                "Links": null,
                "OomScoreAdj": 0,
                "PidMode": "",
                "Privileged": false,
                "PublishAllPorts": true,
                "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
                "SecurityOpt": null,
                "UTSMode": "",
                "UsernsMode": "",
                "ShmSize": 67108864,
                "Runtime": "runc",
                "ConsoleSize": [
                    0,
                    0
                ],
                "Isolation": "",
                "CpuShares": 0,
                "Memory": 0,
                "NanoCpus": 0,
                "CgroupParent": "",
                "BlkioWeight": 0,
                "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
                "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
                "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
                "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
                "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
                "CpuPeriod": 0,
                "CpuQuota": 0,
                "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
                "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
                "CpusetCpus": "",
                "CpusetMems": "",
                "Devices": [],
                "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
                "DiskQuota": 0,
                "KernelMemory": 0,
                "MemoryReservation": 0,
                "MemorySwap": 0,
                "MemorySwappiness": null,
                "OomKillDisable": false,
                "PidsLimit": 0,
                "Ulimits": null,
                "CpuCount": 0,
                "CpuPercent": 0,
                "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
                "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0
            },
            "GraphDriver": {
                "Data": {
                    "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/529d5b9ab091439c3e0a10e645f2843983fdacb01cc5676068ba701c47d7e173-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/97a5d28119c333ab972f0e2407c72a3ae7c2551fcef3f77c455064ca05096bbb/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4204ba49e7b302c81898c0fa4a2364cd1452fff2a3f47d43d74efb2877f432f7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9049cc3f2ea4036d75ff28bc9c1bddbc774668e357e14570a68c64e30f9b2fc7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/009b2f106ec45c65b5196bf7bf7d3dc57ae2403d212c0c45712d3ffd0163d72d/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/797d22e35947fff35b4189525dea31127e9ed83c351d7c777ec760eb759a5e40/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b10e5681aca4593f2cdf4cba6d687552fc8a13c4d32baba1755b5b0353ac94e3/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3b66779ffd10e58e7a9bfc2e8be80a1a3793f0b96a5eace087b82ecaed85af34/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/42bc4603ace3030ff9f9ddc7acf9692ce08f2102b1f83334e6c86e94e6de981a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9e0c54dc045b56511f22a6100b12e9b631beefb32325992d30726acf56647bee/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d0becac715a5b158f8f85c215829273c022ecf9e6379674a728e3c004f30765c/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c4d6f26ccc195b164850ea52aec7af87144013efb408daa6d2a735c6695d2e55/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/21864ebd5bbc8612875741441fc6d365532d8bce22fc61c63119bb72bc9515b5/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/29d1eff1f8a990b3d8ae19a9f42b767673f39812e62f70628017beec5e87a387/diff",
                    "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/529d5b9ab091439c3e0a10e645f2843983fdacb01cc5676068ba701c47d7e173/merged",
                    "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/529d5b9ab091439c3e0a10e645f2843983fdacb01cc5676068ba701c47d7e173/diff",
                    "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/529d5b9ab091439c3e0a10e645f2843983fdacb01cc5676068ba701c47d7e173/work"
                },
                "Name": "overlay2"
            },
            "Mounts": [],
            "Config": {
                "Hostname": "c47561fa4f2b",
                "Domainname": "",
                "User": "",
                "AttachStdin": false,
                "AttachStdout": false,
                "AttachStderr": false,
                "ExposedPorts": {
                    "5000/tcp": {}
                },
                "Tty": false,
                "OpenStdin": false,
                "StdinOnce": false,
                "Env": [
                    "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
                ],
                "Cmd": [
                    "python",
                    "app.py"
                ],
                "Image": "training/webapp",
                "Volumes": null,
                "WorkingDir": "/opt/webapp",
                "Entrypoint": null,
                "OnBuild": null,
                "Labels": {}
            },
            "NetworkSettings": {
                "Bridge": "",
                "SandboxID": "4161bc0112c1594a3ef3c702cfe9abb6861299352fdf2452f39d325dfcdbbcf2",
                "HairpinMode": false,
                "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
                "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                "Ports": {
                    "5000/tcp": [
                        {
                            "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
                            "HostPort": "32768"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/4161bc0112c1",
                "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
                "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
                "EndpointID": "b7c11e07fd1614316b731de10172e05148788590315c1b0c6b1cfe836d9fdf9a",
                "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                "IPv6Gateway": "",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                "Networks": {
                    "bridge": {
                        "IPAMConfig": null,
                        "Links": null,
                        "Aliases": null,
                        "NetworkID": "f0f67fb4dc9c7af347d3334c7ed4b329ad514223ad366751a2f416ebe7fa1f55",
                        "EndpointID": "b7c11e07fd1614316b731de10172e05148788590315c1b0c6b1cfe836d9fdf9a",
                        "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                        "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                        "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                        "IPv6Gateway": "",
                        "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                        "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                        "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                        "DriverOpts": null
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    ]

## docker 镜像 ##

查看镜像列表

> docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    learn/ping          latest              693c965e5e61        40 minutes ago      140MB
    training/webapp     latest              6fae60ef3446        2 years ago         349MB
    learn/tutorial      latest              a7876479f1aa        4 years ago         128MB

删除image

> docker rmi docker\_name

docker rmi training/webapp
    Untagged: training/webapp:latest
    Untagged: training/webapp@sha256:06e9c1983bd6d5db5fba376ccd63bfa529e8d02f23d5079b8f74a616308fb11d
    Deleted: sha256:6fae60ef344644649a39240b94d73b8ba9c67f898ede85cf8e947a887b3e6557
    Deleted: sha256:875bde2b9e2d99e7c1362993645a474fe621475c6fc1b1623c9ed5312b7bdeae
    Deleted: sha256:bbdb5ee3757ef8f2633694016df5840fc3410422b37c22f98c0300e295ce75cc
    Deleted: sha256:d718446240e3f48a904ad4bbf2a1f61737c5d70df35b8210d674a9517cdc9803
    Deleted: sha256:a890440f4933412f9aafb056eb2f07f2276ed756631a81e960d4a8a6de5857a3
    Deleted: sha256:68a74799a9e67953725058ef21a530f100025088943446aa60c73fba7beebd47
    Deleted: sha256:b23e4b6b440d0e9ab4ffd7852fbf81edd6d5eb606e24d4950d83502e14af2856
    Deleted: sha256:f115b0453c71fb4d21fdb6f579201984bd5033ae28ed5908978576a19282418b
    Deleted: sha256:b0da82df3229cd06a2992449f2310caaa42f09fdfb088f4a98c5ea587ea85c7e
    Deleted: sha256:f6f162dad6e64715d3d07e21d4574733860a557f2f89228d07909c1f6f04e882
    Deleted: sha256:088f9eb16f16713e449903f7edb4016084de8234d73a45b1882cf29b1f753a5a
    Deleted: sha256:799115b9fdd1511e8af8a8a3c8b450d81aa842bbf3c9f88e9126d264b232c598
    Deleted: sha256:3549adbf614379d5c33ef0c5c6486a0d3f577ba3341f573be91b4ba1d8c60ce4
    Deleted: sha256:1154ba695078d29ea6c4e1adb55c463959cd77509adf09710e2315827d66271a

## 参考资料 ##

1.  创建hello world [http://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-hello-world.html][http_www.runoob.com_docker_docker-hello-world.html]
2.  运行镜像 [http://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-container-usage.html][http_www.runoob.com_docker_docker-container-usage.html]
3.  3.

[http_localhost_32768]: http://localhost:32768
[SouthEast]: /images/20220601/996f46857ddc4468af7d3c16e76dd5d4.png
[http_www.runoob.com_docker_docker-hello-world.html]: http://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-hello-world.html
[http_www.runoob.com_docker_docker-container-usage.html]: http://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-container-usage.html