Linux系统如何安装JDK

傷城~ 2022-06-01 02:58 146阅读 0赞

由于各Linux开发厂商的不同,因此不同开发厂商的Linux版本操作细节也不一样,今天就来说一下[CentOS][]下JDK的安装:

方法一：手动解压JDK的压缩包，然后设置环境变量

\[root@localhost ~\]\# mkdir  /usr/java  
\[root@localhost ~\]\# cd /usr/java

2.下载jdk,然后解压

\[root@localhost java\]\# curl -O http://download.[Oracle][].com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz   
\[root@localhost java\]\# tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz

3.设置环境变量

\[root@localhost java\]\# vi /etc/profile

在profile中添加如下内容:

\#set java environment  
JAVA\_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79  
JRE\_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79/jre  
CLASS\_PATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE\_HOME/lib  
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin:$JRE\_HOME/bin  
export JAVA\_HOME JRE\_HOME CLASS\_PATH PATH

让修改生效:

\[root@localhost java\]\# source /etc/profile

4.验证JDK有效性

\[root@localhost java\]\# java -version  
java version "1.7.0\_79"  
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0\_79-b15)  
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)

方法二：用yum安装JDK

1.查看yum库中都有哪些jdk版本(暂时只发现了openjdk)

\[root@localhost ~\]\# yum search java|grep jdk  
ldapjdk-javadoc.x86\_64 : Javadoc for ldapjdk  
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment  
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Demos  
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment  
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86\_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation  
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle  
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment  
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Demos  
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment  
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation  
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle  
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment  
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Demos  
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment  
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment  
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation  
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle  
ldapjdk.x86\_64 : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK

2.选择版本,进行安装

//选择1.7版本进行安装  
\[root@localhost ~\]\# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk  
//安装完之后，默认的安装目录是在: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86\_64

3.设置环境变量

\[root@localhost ~\]\# vi /etc/profile

在profile文件中添加如下内容

\#set java environment  
JAVA\_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86\_64  
JRE\_HOME=$JAVA\_HOME/jre  
CLASS\_PATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE\_HOME/lib  
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin:$JRE\_HOME/bin  
export JAVA\_HOME JRE\_HOME CLASS\_PATH PATH

让修改生效

\[root@localhost java\]\# source /etc/profile

4.验证(同上一方法)

方法三：用rpm安装JDK

1.下载rpm安装文件

\[root@localhost ~\]$ curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm

2.使用rpm命令安装

\[root@localhost  ~\]\# rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm

3.设置环境变量

\[root@localhost java\]\# vi /etc/profile

在打开的profile文件中添加如下内容

让修改生效

\[root@localhost java\]\# source /etc/profile

4.验证(同上一方法)

注:和yum安装类似，不用设置环境变量就可以运行java命令。rpm安装方式默认会把jdk安装到/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79，然后通过三层链接，链接到/usr/bin,具体链接如下：

\[root@localhost ~\]\# cd /bin  
\[root@localhost bin\]\# ll|grep java  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    25 Mar 28 11:24 jar ->/usr/java/default/bin/jar  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    26 Mar 28 11:24 java -> /usr/java/default/bin/java  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    27 Mar 28 11:24 javac ->/usr/java/default/bin/javac  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    29 Mar 28 11:24 javadoc ->/usr/java/default/bin/javadoc  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    28 Mar 28 11:24 javaws ->/usr/java/default/bin/javaws  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    30 Mar 28 11:24 jcontrol ->/usr/java/default/bin/jcontrol  
\[root@localhost bin\]\# cd /usr/java/  
\[root@localhost java\]\# ll  
total 4  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  16 Mar 28 11:24 default-> /usr/java/latest  
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Mar 28 11:24 jdk1.7.0\_79  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  21 Mar 28 11:24 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79

方法四：[Ubuntu][] 上使用apt-get安装JDK

1.查看apt库都有哪些jdk版本

root@linuxidc:~\# apt-cache search java|grep jdk  
default-jdk - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit  
default-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation)  
gcj-4.6-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)  
gcj-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)  
openjdk-6-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)  
openjdk-6-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)  
openjdk-6-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation  
openjdk-6-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)  
openjdk-6-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)  
openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files  
openjdk-7-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)  
openjdk-7-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)  
openjdk-7-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation  
openjdk-7-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)  
openjdk-7-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files  
uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)  
uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 - JWSGI plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)  
openjdk-6-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT  
openjdk-6-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)  
openjdk-7-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT  
openjdk-7-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)  
openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)

2.选择版本进行安装

root@linuxidc:~\# apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

3.设置环境变量

root@linuxidc:~\# vi /etc/profile

在打开的profile文件中添加如下内容

\#set java environment  
JAVA\_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64  
JRE\_HOME=$JAVA\_HOME/jre  
CLASS\_PATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE\_HOME/lib  
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin:$JRE\_HOME/bin  
export JAVA\_HOME JRE\_HOME CLASS\_PATH PATH

让修改生效

root@linuxidc:~\# source /etc/profile

4.验证(同上一方法)

Ubuntu 14.04安装JDK1.8.0\_25与配置环境变量 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/112030.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2015-01_112030.htm]

CentOS 搭建JDK环境  [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-06/118879.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2015-06_118879.htm]

Ubuntu 14.04安装JDK1.8.0\_25与配置环境变量  [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/112030.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2015-01_112030.htm]

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS安装Oracle JDK 1.8  [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109216.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2014-11_109216.htm]

CentOS6.3安装JDK和环境配置 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-09/70780.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2012-09_70780.htm]

Ubuntu 14.04 安装 JDK8  [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106218.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2014-09_106218.htm]

Ubuntu下安装JDK图文解析 [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/107291.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2014-09_107291.htm]

**本文永久更新链接地址**：[http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/134941.htm][http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2016-09_134941.htm]

[CentOS]: http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=14
[Oracle]: http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=12
[Ubuntu]: http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=2
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2015-01_112030.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/112030.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2015-06_118879.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-06/118879.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2014-11_109216.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109216.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2012-09_70780.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-09/70780.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2014-09_106218.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106218.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2014-09_107291.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/107291.htm
[http_www.linuxidc.com_Linux_2016-09_134941.htm]: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/134941.htm