Oracle 恢复坏块方法（ORA-01578)—RMAN恢复

左手的ㄟ右手 2022-05-31 23:45 205阅读 0赞

之前我们测试过利用bbed跳过坏块进行恢复，但是这种方法却会丢失部分数据，那么有什么办法可以确保数据不会被丢失呢？

如果在坏块之前，有rman备份，可以使用rman的备份来进行恢复，确保数据不会被丢失。

1.创建测试表

SQL> conn test/test
    Connected.
    SQL> create table test as select * from all_objects;
    
    Table created.
    
    SQL> select count(*) from test;
    
      COUNT(*)
    ----------
         80440

2.对数据库进行rman备份

cebpm:/data/backup/cebpm/fullback@cebpm>rman target /
    
    Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jan 15 09:24:50 2018
    
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
    
    connected to target database: CEBPM (DBID=3677012495)
    
    RMAN> backup database format '/data/backup/cebpm/fullback/cebpm';
    
    Starting backup at 2018/01/15 09:25:17
    using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
    allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
    channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=34 device type=DISK
    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
    channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    input datafile file number=00001 name=/data/CEBPM/datafile/o1_mf_system_dm1flxkw_.dbf
    input datafile file number=00002 name=/data/CEBPM/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_dm1fnw5v_.dbf
    input datafile file number=00005 name=/data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf
    input datafile file number=00003 name=/data/CEBPM/datafile/undotbs01.dbf
    input datafile file number=00004 name=/data/CEBPM/datafile/o1_mf_users_dm1fqcrp_.dbf
    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2018/01/15 09:25:21
    channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2018/01/15 09:27:07
    piece handle=/data/backup/cebpm/fullback/cebpm tag=TAG20180115T092520 comment=NONE
    channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:46
    Finished backup at 2018/01/15 09:27:07
    
    Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018/01/15 09:27:09
    piece handle=/data/backup/cebpm/ctlbackup/control_c-3677012495-20180115-01 comment=NONE
    Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2018/01/15 09:27:12

3.利用bbed破坏数据

具体可参考:

http://blog.csdn.net/shiyu1157758655/article/details/79043618

4.验证坏块

cebpm:/home/oracle@cebpm>dbv file=/data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf 
    
    DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jan 15 09:33:09 2018
    
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
    
    DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf
    Page 131 is marked corrupt
    Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01400083 (file 5, block 131)
    Bad check value found during dbv: 
    Data in bad block:
     type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x01400083
     last change scn: 0x0000.0012dad3 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
     spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
     consistency value in tail: 0xdad30602
     check value in block header: 0x4fe7
     computed block checksum: 0x33c4
    
    
    
    DBVERIFY - Verification complete
    
    Total Pages Examined         : 16384
    Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1149
    Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
    Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
    Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
    Total Pages Processed (Other): 155
    Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
    Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
    Total Pages Empty            : 15079
    Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 1
    Total Pages Influx           : 0
    Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
    Highest block SCN            : 1235718 (0.1235718)

SQL> select count(*) from test;
    select count(*) from test
                         *
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 5, block # 131)
    ORA-01110: data file 5: '/data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf'

5.使用rman进行恢复

cebpm:/home/oracle@cebpm>rman target /
    
    Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jan 15 09:34:48 2018
    
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
    
    connected to target database: CEBPM (DBID=3677012495)
    
    RMAN> blockrecover datafile 5 block 131;
    
    Starting recover at 2018/01/15 09:37:00
    using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
    allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
    channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
    searching flashback logs for block images until SCN 1235817
    finished flashback log search, restored 1 blocks
    
    starting media recovery
    media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
    
    Finished recover at 2018/01/15 09:37:10

6.检测坏块是否被修复

cebpm:/home/oracle@cebpm>dbv file=/data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf 
    
    DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jan 15 09:38:42 2018
    
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
    
    DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf
    
    
    DBVERIFY - Verification complete
    
    Total Pages Examined         : 16384
    Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1150
    Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
    Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
    Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
    Total Pages Processed (Other): 155
    Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
    Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
    Total Pages Empty            : 15079
    Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 0
    Total Pages Influx           : 0
    Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
    Highest block SCN            : 1235718 (0.1235718)

RMAN> backup check logical validate datafile 5;
    
    Starting backup at 2018/01/15 09:38:24
    using channel ORA_DISK_1
    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
    channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
    input datafile file number=00005 name=/data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf
    channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
    List of Datafiles
    =================
    File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
    ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
    5    OK     0              15079        16384           1235718   
      File Name: /data/CEBPM/datafile/test01.dbf
      Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
      ---------- -------------- ----------------
      Data       0              1150            
      Index      0              0               
      Other      0              155             
    
    Finished backup at 2018/01/15 09:38:26

7.验证数据是否正确

SQL> conn test/test
    Connected.
    SQL> select count(*)  from test;
    
      COUNT(*)
    ----------
         80440

由上可知数据已经完全恢复，不存在丢失数据的情况。