Android中Gif的解码、播放

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-05-31 08:41 297阅读 0赞

Gif的文件格式，可以参考另外两篇转载的博客：

[Gif文件格式][Gif]，

[Gif文件格式][Gif 1]

项目中，会把Gif的解码、播放提交到一个线程池中执行，线程池的用法可以参考另一篇文章，[ThreadPoolExecutor的使用][ThreadPoolExecutor]。

以下范例代码来源于图库Gallery，首先把Gif解码的任务提交到线程池：

mThreadPool.submit(new GifDecoderJob(item), new GifDecoderListener(item.getPath()));

其中的Item表示媒体类型，可以自定义，GifDecoderListener用于解码完成的回调，也就是解码完成会由GifDecoderListener启动Gif播放。

private class GifDecoderJob implements Job<GifDecoder> {
            private MediaItem mItem;
    
            public GifDecoderJob(MediaItem item) {
                mItem = item;
            }
    
            @Override
            public GifDecoder run(JobContext jc) {
                if (isTemporaryItem(mItem)) {
                    return null;
                }
                return new GifRequest(mItem.getContentUri(), mActivity).run(jc);
            }
        }

自定义类GifDecoderJob，处理Gif的decode。

public class GifRequest implements Job<GifDecoder> {
    
        private static final String TAG = "GifRequest";
        Uri itemUri;
        Context mContext;
    
        public GifRequest(Uri uri, Context context) {
            itemUri = uri;
            mContext = context;
        }
    
        private InputStream getInputStream(Uri uri) {
            ContentResolver cr = mContext.getContentResolver();
            InputStream input = null;
            try {
                input = cr.openInputStream(uri);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "catch exception:" + e);
            }
            return input;
        }
    
        @Override
        public GifDecoder run(JobContext jc) {
            InputStream input = getInputStream(itemUri);
            if (input != null) {
                return new GifDecoder(getInputStream(itemUri), null);
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }

根据资源的uri，打开一个输入流，input = cr.openInputStream(uri);这个是调用frameworks/base/core/java/android/content/ContentResolver.java中的方法openInputStream();

真正执行解码的是GifDecoder 类，以下函数都来自于GifDecoder ：

private InputStream mIS;
        public GifDecoder(InputStream is, GifAction act) {
            mIS = is;
            mGifAction = act;
            startDecoder();
    }

startDecoder主要调用了readStream方法：

private int readStream() {
            init();
            if (mIS != null) {
                readHeader();
                if (!err()) {
                    readContents();
                    if (mFrameCount < 0) {
                        mStatus = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
                        if (mGifAction != null) {
                            mGifAction.parseOk(false, -1);
                        }
                    } else {
                        mStatus = STATUS_FINISH;
                        if (mGifAction != null) {
                            mGifAction.parseOk(true, -1);
                        }
                    }
                }
                try {
                    mIS.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            } else {
                mStatus = STATUS_OPEN_ERROR;
                if (mGifAction != null) {
                    mGifAction.parseOk(false, -1);
                }
            }
            return mStatus;
        }

通过readHeader读取文件头，前3个字节是Gif署名，后三个字节是版本号：

private void readHeader() {
            String id = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
                id += (char) read();
            }
            if (!id.startsWith("GIF")) {
                mStatus = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
                return;
            }
            readLSD();
            if (mGctFlag && !err()) {
                mGct = readColorTable(mGctSize);
                mBgColor = mGct[mBgIndex];
            }
        }

接着调用readLSD读取Gif的宽高、颜色方案、背景色索引、像素宽高比：

private void readLSD() {
            // logical screen size
            mWidth = readShort();
            mHeight = readShort();
            // packed fields
            int packed = read();
            mGctFlag = (packed & 0x80) != 0; // 1 : global color table flag
            // 2-4 : color resolution
            // 5 : gct sort flag
            mGctSize = 2 << (packed & 7); // 6-8 : gct size
            mBgIndex = read(); // background color index
            mPixelAspect = read(); // pixel aspect ratio
        }

接着读取内容：

private void readContents() {
            // read GIF file content blocks
            boolean done = false;
            while (!(done || err())) {
                int code = read();
                switch (code) {
                    case 0x2C: // image separator
                        readImage();
                        break;
                    case 0x21: // extension
                        code = read();
                        switch (code) {
                            case 0xf9: // graphics control extension
                                readGraphicControlExt();
                                break;
                            case 0xff: // application extension
                                readBlock();
                                String app = "";
                                for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
                                    app += (char) mBlock[i];
                                }
                                if (app.equals("NETSCAPE2.0")) {
                                    readNetscapeExt();
                                } else {
                                    skip(); // don't care
                                }
                                break;
                            default: // uninteresting extension
                                skip();
                        }
                        break;
                    case 0x3b: // terminator
                        done = true;
                        break;
                    case 0x00: // bad byte, but keep going and see what happens
                        break;
                    default:
                        mStatus = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
                }
            }
        }

通过readImage读取图像块部分，包括x、y方向偏移量，图像宽高，图像数据块：

private void readImage() {
            mIx = readShort(); // (sub)image position & size
            mIy = readShort();
            mIw = readShort();
            mIh = readShort();
            int packed = read();
            mLctFlag = (packed & 0x80) != 0; // 1 - local color table flag
            mInterlace = (packed & 0x40) != 0; // 2 - interlace flag
            // 3 - sort flag
            // 4-5 - reserved
            mLctSize = 2 << (packed & 7); // 6-8 - local color table size
            if (mLctFlag) {
                mLct = readColorTable(mLctSize); // read table
                mAct = mLct; // make local table active
            } else {
                mAct = mGct; // make global table active
                if (mBgIndex == mTransIndex) {
                    mBgColor = 0;
                }
            }
            int save = 0;
            if (mTransparency) {
                save = mAct[mTransIndex];
                mAct[mTransIndex] = 0; // set transparent color if specified
            }
            if (mAct == null) {
                mStatus = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR; // no color table defined
            }
            if (err()) {
                return;
            }
            try {
                decodeImageData(); // decode pixel data
                skip();
                if (err()) {
                    return;
                }
                mFrameCount++;
                // create new image to receive frame data
                mImage = Bitmap.createBitmap(mWidth, mHeight, Config.ARGB_4444);
                // createImage(mWidth, mHeight);
                setPixels(); // transfer pixel data to image
                if (mGifFrame == null) {
                    mGifFrame = new GifFrame(mImage, mDelay, mDispose);
                    mCurrentFrame = mGifFrame;
                } else {
                    GifFrame f = mGifFrame;
                    while (f.mNextFrame != null) {
                        f = f.mNextFrame;
                    }
                    f.mNextFrame = new GifFrame(mImage, mDelay, mDispose);
                }
                // frames.addElement(new GifFrame(image, delay)); // add image to
                // frame
                // list
                if (mTransparency) {
                    mAct[mTransIndex] = save;
                }
                resetFrame();
                if (mGifAction != null) {
                    mGifAction.parseOk(true, mFrameCount);
                }
            } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
                Log.e("GifDecoder", ">>> log  : " + e.toString());
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

由decodeImageData完成像素解码，然后将像素数据填充到Bitmap中，构建GifFrame对象。

private void decodeImageData() {
            int NullCode = -1;
            int npix = mIw * mIh;
            int available, clear, code_mask, code_size, end_of_information, in_code, old_code,
                    bits, code, count, i, datum, data_size, first, top, bi, pi;
    
            if ((mPixels == null) || (mPixels.length < npix)) {
                mPixels = new byte[npix]; // allocate new pixel array
            }
            if (mPrefix == null) {
                mPrefix = new short[MaxStackSize];
            }
            if (mSuffix == null) {
                mSuffix = new byte[MaxStackSize];
            }
            if (mPixelStack == null) {
                mPixelStack = new byte[MaxStackSize + 1];
            }
            // Initialize GIF data stream decoder.
            data_size = read();
            clear = 1 << data_size;
            end_of_information = clear + 1;
            available = clear + 2;
            old_code = NullCode;
            code_size = data_size + 1;
            code_mask = (1 << code_size) - 1;
            for (code = 0; code < clear; code++) {
                mPrefix[code] = 0;
                mSuffix[code] = (byte) code;
            }
    
            // Decode GIF pixel stream.
            datum = bits = count = first = top = pi = bi = 0;
            for (i = 0; i < npix;) {
                if (top == 0) {
                    if (bits < code_size) {
                        // Load bytes until there are enough bits for a code.
                        if (count == 0) {
                            // Read a new data block.
                            count = readBlock();
                            if (count <= 0) {
                                break;
                            }
                            bi = 0;
                        }
                        datum += (((int) mBlock[bi]) & 0xff) << bits;
                        bits += 8;
                        bi++;
                        count--;
                        continue;
                    }
                    // Get the next code.
                    code = datum & code_mask;
                    datum >>= code_size;
                    bits -= code_size;
    
                    // Interpret the code
                    if ((code > available) || (code == end_of_information)) {
                        break;
                    }
                    if (code == clear) {
                        // Reset decoder.
                        code_size = data_size + 1;
                        code_mask = (1 << code_size) - 1;
                        available = clear + 2;
                        old_code = NullCode;
                        continue;
                    }
                    if (old_code == NullCode) {
                        mPixelStack[top++] = mSuffix[code];
                        old_code = code;
                        first = code;
                        continue;
                    }
                    in_code = code;
                    if (code == available) {
                        mPixelStack[top++] = (byte) first;
                        code = old_code;
                    }
                    while (code > clear) {
                        mPixelStack[top++] = mSuffix[code];
                        code = mPrefix[code];
                    }
                    first = ((int) mSuffix[code]) & 0xff;
                    // Add a new string to the string table,
                    if (available >= MaxStackSize) {
                        break;
                    }
                    mPixelStack[top++] = (byte) first;
                    mPrefix[available] = (short) old_code;
                    mSuffix[available] = (byte) first;
                    available++;
                    if (((available & code_mask) == 0)
                            && (available < MaxStackSize)) {
                        code_size++;
                        code_mask += available;
                    }
                    old_code = in_code;
                }
    
                // Pop a pixel off the pixel stack.
                top--;
                mPixels[pi++] = mPixelStack[top];
                i++;
            }
            for (i = pi; i < npix; i++) {
                mPixels[i] = 0; // clear missing pixels
            }
        }

readImage之后，读取的是图形扩展部分，更多源码详见附件文件。

解码完成后，怎么播放Gif？

private class GifDecoderListener
                implements Runnable, FutureListener<GifDecoder> {
            private final Path mPath;
            private Future<GifDecoder> mFuture;
    
            public GifDecoderListener(Path path) {
                mPath = path;
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onFutureDone(Future<GifDecoder> future) {
                mFuture = future;
                if (null != mFuture.get()) {
                    mMainHandler.sendMessage(
                            mMainHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_RUN_OBJECT, this));
                }
            }
    
            @Override
            public void run() {
                updateGifDecoder(mPath, mFuture);
            }
        }

在GifDecoder执行完成后，会调用Listener的OnFeatureDone，进一步，Gif的播放是在一个Runnable中完成的：

private class GifRunnable implements Runnable {
    
            private GifEntry mGifEntry;
            private Path mPath;
    
            private void free() {
                if (null != mGifEntry) {
                    if (null != mGifEntry.gifDecoder) {
                        mGifEntry.gifDecoder.free();
                        mGifEntry.gifDecoder = null;
                    }
                    mGifEntry = null;
                }
            }
    
            public GifRunnable(Path path, GifEntry gifEntry) {
                mPath = path;
                mGifEntry = gifEntry;
                if (null == mGifEntry || null == mGifEntry.gifDecoder) {
                    free();
                    return;
                }
                boolean imageChanged = mGifEntry.animatedIndex != mCurrentIndex;
                MediaItem item = getMediaItem(0);
                Path currentPath = (item != null ? item.getPath() : null);
                imageChanged |= path != currentPath;
                if (imageChanged) {
                    free();
                    return;
                }
                mGifEntry.currentFrame = 0;
                mGifEntry.totalFrameCount = mGifEntry.gifDecoder.getFrameCount();
                if (mGifEntry.totalFrameCount <= 1) {
                    free();
                    return;
                }
            }
    
            @Override
            public void run() {
                if (!mIsActive) {
                    free();
                    return;
                }
    
                if (null == mGifEntry || null == mGifEntry.gifDecoder) {
                    free();
                    return;
                }
    
                boolean imageChanged = mGifEntry.animatedIndex != mCurrentIndex;
                MediaItem item = getMediaItem(0);
                Path currentPath = (item != null ? item.getPath() : null);
                imageChanged |= mPath != currentPath;
                if (imageChanged) {
                    free();
                    return;
                }
    
                Bitmap frameBitmap = mGifEntry.gifDecoder.getFrameImage(mGifEntry.currentFrame);
                if (null == frameBitmap) {
                    free();
                    return;
                }
                long delay = (long) mGifEntry.gifDecoder.getDelay(mGifEntry.currentFrame);
                mGifEntry.currentFrame = (mGifEntry.currentFrame + 1) % mGifEntry.totalFrameCount;
    
                ScreenNail gifFrame = new BitmapScreenNail(frameBitmap);
                if (mGifEntry.entry.currentGifFrame != null) {
                    mGifEntry.entry.currentGifFrame.recycle();
                    mGifEntry.entry.currentGifFrame = null;
                }
                mGifEntry.entry.currentGifFrame = gifFrame;
                updateTileProvider(mGifEntry.entry);
                mPhotoView.notifyImageChange(0);
                mMainHandler.sendMessageDelayed(
                        mMainHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_RUN_OBJECT, this), delay);
            }
        }

会根据时间间隔、GifFrame帧数，循环投递播放消息，即：

mMainHandler.sendMessageDelayed( mMainHandler.obtainMessage(MSG\_RUN\_OBJECT, this), delay);

直到收到退出事件，调用free释放资源。

GifDecoder.java的源码可以下载：[http://download.csdn.net/download/lin20044140410/10251700][http_download.csdn.net_download_lin20044140410_10251700]

[Gif]: http://blog.csdn.net/lin20044140410/article/details/79324646
[Gif 1]: http://blog.csdn.net/wzy198852/article/details/17266507
[ThreadPoolExecutor]: http://blog.csdn.net/lin20044140410/article/details/79272862
[http_download.csdn.net_download_lin20044140410_10251700]: http://download.csdn.net/download/lin20044140410/10251700