opencv:windows下调用cvShowImage等窗口显示函数报错：The function is not implement

ゝ一纸荒年。 2022-05-31 05:43 64阅读 0赞

自己在windows下用cmake成功编译了opencv 2.4.13.2，但在实际调用`cvShowImage`函数时报错了：

> OpenCV Error: Unspecified error (The function is not implemented. Rebuild the library with Windows, GTK+ 2.x or Carbon support. If you are on Ubuntu or Debian, install libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config, then re-run cmake or configure script) in cvNamedWindow, file D:\\caffe-static\\source\\opencv-2.4.13.2\\modules\\highgui\\src\\window.cpp, line 501  
> terminate called after throwing an instance of ‘cv::Exception’

这个错误提示的意思就是`cvShowImage`这个函数没有被实现。  
查看了`opencv-2.4.13.2\modules\highgui\src\window.cpp`源码，才明白这个文件只是没有函数实现的虚代码。windows下的真正实现代码是同文件夹下的`windows_w32.cpp`。应该是编译开关问题造成没有编译`windows_w32.cpp`。  
于是在`opencv-2.4.13.2\modules\highgui\CMakeLists.txt`中找到如下代码 ，可以看到`HAVE_WIN32UI`用于控制是否编译`windows_w32.cpp`：

elseif(HAVE_WIN32UI)
      list(APPEND highgui_srcs src/window_w32.cpp)
    elseif(HAVE_GTK)
      list(APPEND highgui_srcs src/window_gtk.cpp)
    elseif(HAVE_CARBON)
      list(APPEND highgui_srcs src/window_carbon.cpp)
      list(APPEND HIGHGUI_LIBRARIES "-framework Carbon" "-framework QuickTime")
    elseif(HAVE_COCOA)
      list(APPEND highgui_srcs src/window_cocoa.mm)
      list(APPEND HIGHGUI_LIBRARIES "-framework Cocoa")
    endif()

进一步在`opencv-2.4.13.2\CMakeLists.txt`下找到了控制`HAVE_WIN32UI`的开关选项`WITH_WIN32UI`，如下：

else()
      if(DEFINED WITH_QT)
        status("    QT:" NO)
      endif()
      if(DEFINED WITH_WIN32UI)
        status("    Win32 UI:" HAVE_WIN32UI THEN YES ELSE NO)
      else()
        if(APPLE)
          if(WITH_CARBON)
            status("    Carbon:" YES)
          else()
            status("    Cocoa:"  YES)
          endif()
        else()
          status("    GTK+ 2.x:" HAVE_GTK      THEN "YES (ver ${ALIASOF_gtk+-2.0_VERSION})"     ELSE NO)
          status("    GThread :" HAVE_GTHREAD  THEN "YES (ver ${ALIASOF_gthread-2.0_VERSION})"  ELSE NO)
          status("    GtkGlExt:" HAVE_GTKGLEXT THEN "YES (ver ${ALIASOF_gtkglext-1.0_VERSION})" ELSE NO)
        endif()
      endif()
    endif()

至此找到原因：编译opencv的时候设置了`WITH_WIN32UI=off`导致cmake没有编译`windows_w32.cpp`最终导致运行时调用`cvShowImage`出错。  
解决办法也很简单，在cmake生成Makefile的命令行参数中添加`-DWITH_WIN32UI=on`指定编译加入UI函数支持。  
以下是我编译opencv的完整命令行参数（注意最后一行）:

cmake .. -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=release \
        -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-m64  " \
        -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-m64  " \
        -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS="-static -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc  " \
        -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="D:\caffe-static\release\opencv_windows_gcc520_x86_64" \
        -DBUILD_DOCS=off \
        -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=off \
        -DBUILD_PACKAGE=on \
        -DBUILD_PERF_TESTS=off \
        -DBUILD_FAT_JAVA_LIB=off \
        -DBUILD_TESTS=off \
        -DBUILD_TIFF=on \
        -DBUILD_JASPER=on \
        -DBUILD_JPEG=on \
        -DBUILD_OPENEXR=on \
        -DBUILD_PNG=on \
        -DBUILD_ZLIB=on \
        -DBUILD_opencv_apps=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_calib3d=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_contrib=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_features2d=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_flann=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_gpu=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_java=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_legacy=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_ml=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_nonfree=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_objdetect=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_ocl=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_photo=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_python=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_stitching=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_superres=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_ts=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_video=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_videostab=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_world=off \
        -DBUILD_opencv_lengcy=off \
        -DWITH_DSHOW=off \
        -DWITH_JASPER=on \
        -DWITH_JPEG=on \
        -DWITH_1394=off \
        -DWITH_OPENEXR=on \
        -DWITH_PNG=on \
        -DWITH_TIFF=on \
        -DWITH_1394=off \
        -DWITH_EIGEN=off \
        -DWITH_FFMPEG=off \
        -DWITH_GIGEAPI=off \
        -DWITH_GSTREAMER_0_10=off \
        -DWITH_PVAPI=off -DWITH_CUDA=off \
        -DWITH_CUFFT=off \
        -DWITH_OPENCL=off \
        -DWITH_OPENCLAMDBLAS=off \
        -DWITH_OPENCLAMDFFT=off \
        -DWITH_QT=off \
        -DWITH_VFW=off \
        -DWITH_VTK=off \
        -DWITH_XIMEA=off \
        -DWITH_WIN32UI=on