linux安装mysql5.7.19

向右看齐 2022-05-30 06:58 199阅读 0赞

**1：下载**

\[root@localhostsoft\]\# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz

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**2：解压文件**

\[root@dbserver /\]\# tar -xzvfmysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

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**3修改文件**

\[root@dbserverlocal\]\# mv  mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64 mysql

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**4：检查库文件是否有删除，若有便删除（linux系统自带的）**

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# rpm -qa | grep mysql

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删除

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# rpm -e --nodepsmysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6\_5.x86\_64

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**5：检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建**

\[root@dbserver ~\]\# cat /etc/group | grep mysql

\[root@dbserver ~\]\# cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql

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创建

\[root@dbserver ~\]\#groupadd mysql

\[root@dbserver ~\]\#useradd -r -g mysql mysql

//useradd -r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户，不可用于登录系统

**6：在mysql下添加data目录**

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# mkdir data

**7：更改mysql目录下所有的目录及文件夹所属组合用户**

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# cd /usr/local/

\[root@dbserverlocal\]\# chown -R mysqlmysql/

\[root@dbserverlocal\]\# chgrp -R mysqlmysql/

\[root@dbserverlocal\]\# cd mysql/

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# ls -l

total 40

drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 Aug 3116:45 bin

\-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 17987 Jun 2222:13 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     6 Aug 3116:48 data

drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql    52 Aug 3116:45 docs

drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql  4096 Aug 3116:44 include

drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql  4096 Aug 3116:45 lib

drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql    28 Aug 3116:45 man

\-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql  2478 Jun 2222:13 README

drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysqlmysql  4096 Aug 3116:45 share

drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql    86 Aug 3116:45 support-files

**8：安装和初始化数据库**   
安装

./mysqld \--initialize--user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

2017\-08\-31T08:50:23.910440Z 0 \[Warning\] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use \--explicit\_defaults\_for\_timestamp serveroption (see documentation for more details).

2017\-08\-31T08:50:23.910635Z 0 \[ERROR\] Can't find error\-message file '/usr/local/mysql/\--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/share/errmsg.sys'.Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' con

figuration directive.2017\-08\-31T08:50:24.709286Z 0 \[Warning\] InnoDB: New log files created,LSN=45790

2017\-08\-31T08:50:24.767540Z 0 \[Warning\] InnoDB: Creating foreign keyconstraint system tables.

2017\-08\-31T08:50:24.892629Z 0 \[Warning\] No existing UUID has been found,so we assume that this isthefirst time that this server has been started. Generating anew UUID: 6e083b8f-8e29\-11e7\-88b1-

005056b427be.2017\-08\-31T08:50:24.895674Z 0 \[Warning\] Gtid table isnot ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid\_executed'cannot be opened.

2017\-08\-31T08:50:24.896645Z 1 \[Note\] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: gFamcspKm2+u

报错\[ERROR\] Can’t find error-message file ‘/usr/local/mysql/–datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/share/errmsg.sys’.Check error-message file location and ‘lc-messages-dir’ con

解决

\[root@dbserver bin\]\# ./mysqld --initialize--user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --lc\_messages\_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share--lc\_messages=en\_US

2017\-08\-31T09:00:54.941514Z 0 \[Warning\] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit\_defaults\_for\_timestampserveroption (see documentation for more details).

2017\-08\-31T09:00:56.364312Z 0 \[Warning\] InnoDB: Newlog files created, LSN=45790

2017\-08\-31T09:00:56.602211Z 0 \[Warning\] InnoDB: Creating foreign keyconstraint system tables.

2017\-08\-31T09:00:56.668145Z 0 \[Warning\] No existing UUID has been found,so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e69986d2-8e2a-11e7\-a335-

005056b427be.2017\-08\-31T09:00:56.671464Z 0 \[Warning\] Gtid table isnot ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid\_executed' cannot be opened.

2017\-08\-31T09:00:56.672453Z 1 \[Note\] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: qfuqvCsHb2!.

**9配置my.cnf**   
接下来进入/usr/local/mysql/support-files/目录下   
查看是否存在my-default.cnf文件，如果存在直接copy到/etc/my.cnf文件中

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf/etc/my.cnf

如果不存在my-default.cnf文件,则在/etc/目录下创建my.cnf,并写入以下内容

\#\[mysql\]

\#basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

\#datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

**10启动服务**

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# cd bin/

\[root@dbserver bin\]\# ./mysqld\_safe --user=mysql &

\[2\] 10436

\[root@dbserver bin\]\# Logging to '/var/log/mysql/mysql.log'.

2017\-08\-31T09:52:15.806633Z mysqld\_safe Starting mysqld daemonwith databases from /var/lib/mysql

2017\-08\-31T09:52:16.292949Z mysqld\_safe mysqld from pid file/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ended

**11将mysqld服务加入开机自启动项。**   
将\{mysql\}/ support-files/mysql.server 拷贝为/etc/init.d/mysql并设置运行权限，这样就可以使用service mysql命令启动/停止服务，   
否则就只能使用\{mysql\}/bin/mysqld\_safe &命令来启动服务   
还需要把mysql.server中basedir的相关路径，改为自定义的路径，默认路径是/usr/local/mysql

\[root@dbserver support-files\]\# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

\[root@dbserver support-files\]\# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

\-- 把mysql注册为开机启动的服务

\[root@dbserver support-files\]\# chkconfig --add mysql

\-- 查看是否添加成功

\[root@dbserver support-files\]\# chkconfig --list mysql

Note: This output shows SysV services only anddoesnot include native

systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native

systemd configuration.

If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctllist-unit-files'.

To see services enabled on particulartarget use

'systemctl list-dependencies \[target\]'.

mysql           0:off   1:off  2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on   6:off

**12启动服务**

\[root@dbserver bin\]\# service mysql start

Starting MySQL.Logging to '/var/log/mysql/mysql.log'.

ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file(/var/lib/mysql/dbserver.pid).

解决

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# rm /etc/my.cnf

rm: remove regular file '/etc/my.cnf'? y

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# /etc/init.d/mysql start

Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/dbserver.err'.

SUCCESS!

\[root@dbserver mysql\]\# service mysql start

Starting MySQL SUCCESS!

**13登录mysql**

\[root@dbserver bin\]\# ./mysql -u root -p

密码是第八步产生的密码

**14设置密码**

mysql> set password=password("123456");

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00sec)

注意不要使用单引号，为什么？你自己试试就知道了

**15设置远程登录权限**

mysql>  grant all privileges on\*.\*to'root' @' localhost' identified by123456;

Query OK, 0rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> quit

Bye

MySQL> updateuser set host='%' where user = 'root';   
**ERROR 1062(23000): Duplicate entry '%-root' for key 'PRIMARY' **  
然后查看了下数据库的host信息如下：   
MySQL> selecthost from user where user = 'root';   
\+-----------------------+   
| host |   
\+-----------------------+   
| % |   
| 127.0.0.1|   
|localhost.localdomain |   
\+-----------------------+   
3 rows in set(0.00 sec)   
host已经有了%这个值，所以直接运行命令：   
复制代码代码如下:  
  
  
**MySQL>flushprivileges; **

再用MySQL administrator连接...成功！！

第二种安装方式：

Yum 安装方法，执行命令如下即可：yum  install mysql-server mysql-devel mysql -y

启动：/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

进入mysql,执行：mysql

Mysql 忘记密码如何破解：

首行关闭mysql进程，然后输入命令：mysqld\_safe --skip-grant-tables &

跳过密码启动mysql

然后进入mysql数据库，执行：use msyql

修改密码即可：

update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";

**设置远程登录权限**