linux搭建stm32开发环境

忘是亡心i 2022-05-30 02:35 242阅读 0赞

**下载stm32固件库**  
![1][]  
**创建目录**  
libs目录放stm32固件库，src放用户源码，inc放用户头文件

# mkdir libs src inc

**复制文件**  
将`STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Lib_V3.5.0`复制到libs目录下  
![2][]  
**创建Makefile.common**  
在主目录下创建Makefile.common文件，这个是通用Makefile文件

#This file is included in the general Makefile, the libs Makefile and the src Makefile 
    #Different optimize settings for library and source files can be realized by using arguments 
    #Compiler optimize settings: 
    # -O0 no optimize, reduce compilation time and make debugging produce the expected results (default). 
    # -O1 optimize, reduce code size and execution time, without much increase of compilation time. 
    # -O2 optimize, reduce code execution time compared to ‘O1’, increase of compilation time. 
    # -O3 optimize, turns on all optimizations, further increase of compilation time. 
    # -Os optimize for size, enables all ‘-O2’ optimizations that do not typically increase code size and other code size optimizations. 
    #Recommended optimize settings for release version: -O3 
    #Recommended optimize settings for debug version: -O0 
    #Valid parameters : 
    # OptLIB=0 --> optimize library files using the -O0 setting 
    # OptLIB=1 --> optimize library files using the -O1 setting 
    # OptLIB=2 --> optimize library files using the -O2 setting 
    # OptLIB=3 --> optimize library files using the -O3 setting 
    # OptLIB=s --> optimize library files using the -Os setting 
    # OptSRC=0 --> optimize source files using the -O0 setting 
    # OptSRC=1 --> optimize source files using the -O1 setting 
    # OptSRC=2 --> optimize source files using the -O2 setting 
    # OptSRC=3 --> optimize source files using the -O3 setting 
    # OptSRC=s --> optimize source files using the -Os setting 
    
    TOP=$(shell readlink -f "$(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))")
    PROGRAM=main
    LIBDIR=$(TOP)/libs
    
    #Adust the following line to the library in use 
    STMLIB=$(LIBDIR)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Lib_V3.5.0/Libraries
    #Adjust TypeOfMCU in use, see CMSIS file "stm32f10x.h"
    #STM32F103RBT (128KB FLASH, 20KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_MD
    #TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_MD
    #STM32F103RET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD
    #STM32F103ZET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD 
    TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_HD
    #============================================================================# 
    TC=arm-none-eabi
    CC=$(TC)-gcc
    LD=$(TC)-ld -v 
    OBJCOPY=$(TC)-objcopy
    AR=$(TC)-ar
    GDB=$(TC)-gdb
    INCLUDE=-I$(TOP)/inc
    INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/CoreSupport
    INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x
    INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/inc
    COMMONFLAGS=-g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb
    COMMONFLAGSlib=$(COMMONFLAGS)
    #Commands for general Makefile and src Makefile
    ifeq ($(OptSRC),0)
        COMMONFLAGS+=-O0
        InfoTextSrc=src (no optimize, -O0)
    else ifeq ($(OptSRC),1)
        COMMONFLAGS+=-O1
        InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time+ size+, -O1)
    else ifeq ($(OptSRC),2)
        COMMONFLAGS+=-O2
        InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time++ size+, -O2)
    else ifeq ($(OptSRC),s)
        COMMONFLAGS+=-Os
        InfoTextSrc=src (optimize size++, -Os)
    else  
        COMMONFLAGS+=-O3
        InfoTextSrc=src (full optimize, -O3)
    endif  
    CFLAGS+=$(COMMONFLAGS) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
    CFLAGS+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
    CFLAGS+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH
    
    #Commands for libs Makefile 
    ifeq ($(OptLIB),0)
        COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O0
        InfoTextLib=libs (no optimize, -O0)
    else ifeq ($(OptLIB),1)
        COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O1
        InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time+ size+, -O1)
    else ifeq ($(OptLIB),2)
        COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O2
        InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time++ size+, -O2)
    else ifeq ($(OptLIB),s)
        COMMONFLAGSlib+=-Os
        InfoTextLib=libs (optimize size++, -Os)
    else  
        COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O3
        InfoTextLib=libs (full optimize, -O3)
    endif  
    CFLAGSlib+=$(COMMONFLAGSlib) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
    CFLAGSlib+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
    CFLAGSlib+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH

**编译固件库**  
首先编译固件库，将固件库编译成静态库，应用程序可以直接使用  
`startup.c`文件下载地址：[http://download.csdn.net/download/zhangxuechao\_/10266433][http_download.csdn.net_download_zhangxuechao_10266433]

include ../../../../../Makefile.common
    
    LIBS+=libstm32.a
    CFLAGSlib+=-c
    
    all: $(LIBS)
    
    libstm32.a:
        @echo -n "Building $@ ..."
        cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/ && \
            $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) system_stm32f10x.c
        cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/startup/arm && \
            $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) startup.c
        cd $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src && \
            $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) *.c \
            -D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)"
        $(AR) cr $(LIBDIR)/$@ \
        $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/system_stm32f10x.o \
        $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/startup/arm/startup.o \
        $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o
        @echo "done."
    
    .PHONY: clean
    
    clean:
        rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/system_stm32f10x.o
        rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/startup/arm/startup.o
        rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o
        rm -f $(LIBDIR)/$(LIBS)

![3][]  
**建立ld文件**  
建立linker.ld文件，根据芯片的内存以及flash容量  
`linker.ld`文件下载地址：[http://download.csdn.net/download/zhangxuechao\_/10266451][http_download.csdn.net_download_zhangxuechao_10266451]  
下面是文件需要修改的地方

MEMORY {
        /*Adust LENGTH to RAMsize of target MCU:*/
        /*STM32F103RBT --> 20K*/
        /*RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 20K*/
        /*STM32F103RET --> 64K*/
        /*STM32F103ZET --> 64K*/
        RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 64K
        EXTSRAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000 , LENGTH = 0
        /*Adust LENGTH to (FLASHsize - FeePROMsize) of target MCU:*/
        /*STM32F103RBT --> 126K*/
        /*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 126K*/
        /*STM32F103RET --> 508K*/
        /*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K*/
        /*STM32F103ZET --> 508K*/
        FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K
        /*Adust ORIGIN to (0x08000000 + (FLASHsize-FeePROMsize)) of target MCU*/
        /*and adust LENGTH to FeePROMsize allocated:*/
        /*STM32F103RBT --> 0x08000000+126K, 2K*/
        EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+126K, LENGTH = 2K
        /*STM32F103RET --> 0x08000000+508K, 4K*/
        /*EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+508K, LENGTH = 4K*/
    }

**编译用户文件**  
将用户应用程序也编译成静态库

include ../Makefile.common
    
    LIBS+=app.a
    CFLAGSlib+=-c
    
    all: $(LIBS)
    
    app.a:
        @echo -n "Building $@ ..."
        $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) *.c
        $(AR) cr $@ *.o
        @echo "done."
    
    .PHONY: clean
    
    clean:
        rm -f *.o
        rm -f $(LIBS)

![4][]  
**建立主Makefile**  
在主目录下，建立主Makefile文件  
将固件库和用户应用程序编译成可执行文件

include Makefile.common
    
    LDFLAGS=$(COMMONFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -L$(LIBDIR) -nostartfiles -Wl,--gc-sections,-Tlinker.ld
    
    LDLIBS+=-lm
    LDLIBS+=-lstm32
    
    all: libs src
        $(CC) -o $(PROGRAM).elf $(LDFLAGS) \
            -Wl,--whole-archive \
            src/app.a \
            -Wl,--no-whole-archive \
            $(LDLIBS)
        $(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex
        $(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).bin
        arm-none-eabi-readelf -a $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_elf
        arm-none-eabi-size -d -B -t $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_size
        arm-none-eabi-objdump -S $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_code
        arm-none-eabi-nm -t d -S --size-sort -s $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_symbol
    
    .PHONY: libs src clean
    
    libs:
        $(MAKE) -C libs/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Lib_V3.5.0/Libraries/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src
    src:
        $(MAKE) -C src
    clean:
        rm -f $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex $(PROGRAM).bin $(PROGRAM).info_elf $(PROGRAM).info_size
        rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_code
        rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_symbol

![5][]  
`源码路径`：[https://github.com/zwx230741/linux\_stm32.git][https_github.com_zwx230741_linux_stm32.git]  
已经在STM32F103ZET6上测试成功

[1]: /images/20220530/0b7141597f0a4551be1fca098d7ef89e.png
[2]: /images/20220530/88bc4d9f63634e7fbd97ac2beb0742ad.png
[http_download.csdn.net_download_zhangxuechao_10266433]: http://download.csdn.net/download/zhangxuechao_/10266433
[3]: /images/20220530/96fce70ebbea4ceb846d39aad0615ace.png
[http_download.csdn.net_download_zhangxuechao_10266451]: http://download.csdn.net/download/zhangxuechao_/10266451
[4]: /images/20220530/ce8cbf51bc02462e84f14cd9520108a7.png
[5]: /images/20220530/2877d9b5fbf54b4aaee4b26baed0a5ae.png
[https_github.com_zwx230741_linux_stm32.git]: https://github.com/zwx230741/linux_stm32.git