Spark 环境搭建

青旅半醒 2022-05-29 08:18 240阅读 0赞

搭建环境：Ubuntu16.04(虚拟机)  
分布式集群：  
192.168.159.128 vm01  
192.168.159.129 vm02  
192.168.159.130 vm03  
若是单节点(伪分布式)，则在Hadoop的配置过程中，将其他节点的主机名替换成单节点的主机名即可。  
镜像源：阿里源

> 新建虚拟机后最好更换镜像源，下载依赖包速度更快

更换源：

> cd /etc/apt/  
> sudo cp sources.list sources.list.bak  
> vim sources.list  
> sudo apt-get update

阿里源：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##测试版源 
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    # 源码 
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##测试版源 
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    # Canonical 合作伙伴和附加 
    deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ xenial partner
    deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

赋予当前用户sudo权限(实验环境用户为hadoop)  
sudo adduser hadoop sudo

## 免密登录设置 ##

ssh localhost

此时会有如下提示(SSH首次登陆提示)，输入 yes 。然后按提示输入密码 ，这样就登陆到本机了。  
首先退出刚才的 ssh，就回到了我们原先的终端窗口，然后利用 ssh-keygen 生成密钥，并将密钥加入到授权中：

exit                           # 退出刚才的 ssh localhost
    cd ~/.ssh/                     # 若没有该目录，请先执行一次ssh localhost
    ssh-keygen -t rsa              # 会有提示，都按回车就可以
    cat ./id_rsa.pub >> ./authorized_keys  #

此时再用 ssh localhost 命令，无需输入密码就可以直接登陆了

## Java环境搭建 ##

解压下载的jdk包jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz ，并配置环境变量

#JAVA_HOME
    export JAVA_HOME=/opt/modules/jdk1.7.0_67(路径自己设置)
    export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

保存退出后`source /etc/profile`使环境变量生效

## Hadoop环境搭建 ##

下载相应的Hadoop版本包，本次实验采用的是Hadoop2.6.4  
解压Hadoop的包，然后在设置环境变量  
在/etc/profile中添加Hadoop的环境变量

export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/modules/cdh/hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6
    export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
    export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
    export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
    export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
    export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
    export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
    export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
    export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib"

在/hadoop/etc/hadoop/下修改相关文件  
(1)修改hadoop-evn.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/modules/jdk1.7.0_67

(2）修改yarn-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/modules/jdk1.7.0_67

(3)修改mapred-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/modules/jdk1.7.0_67

(4)修改core-site.xml

<configuration>
            <property>
                    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
                    <value>hdfs://192.168.110.101:9000</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
                    <value>/opt/hadoop-2.6.4/tmp</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>fs.checkpoint.period</name>
                    <value>3600</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>fs.checkpoint.size</name>
                    <value>67108864</value>
            </property>
    </configuration>

> hdfs://192.168.110.101:9000 此处IP为当前 机器的IP，另外tmp目录需要手动添加

(5)hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
            <property>
                    <name>dfs.replication</name>
                    <value>3</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>dfs.http.address</name>
                    <value>vm01:50070</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
                    <value>vm02:50090</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
                    <value>/opt/hadoop-2.6.4/name</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
                    <value>/opt/hadoop-2.6.4/data</value>
            </property>
    <property>
                    <name>dfs.permissions</name>
                    <value>false</value>
            </property>
    </configuration>

`这里面的vm02、vm03替换成主机名，如果是分布式的话就改成ResourceManager所在的节点主机名，以下一次类推`  
(6)yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
    
    
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
                    <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
                    <value>vm01</value>
            </property>
            
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>
                    <value>true</value>
            </property>
            
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name>
                    <value>106800</value>
            </property>
            
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
                    <value>vm01:8032</value>
             </property>
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
                    <value>vm01:8030</value>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
                    <value>vm01:8031</value>
            </property>
    
            
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>
                    <value>false</value>
                    <description>Whether virtual memory limits will be enforced for containers</description>
            </property>
            
            <property>
                    <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-pmem-ratio</name>
                    <value>4</value>
                    <description>Ratio between virtual memory to physical memory when setting memory limits for containers</description>
            </property>
    </configuration>

(7)mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
        <property>
            <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
            <value>yarn</value>
        </property>
    
         <property>
            <name>mapred.tasktracker.map.tasks.maximum</name>
            <value>1</value>
        </property>
    
    
         <property>
            <name>mapred.tasktracker.reduce.tasks.maximum</name>
            <value>1</value>
         </property>
    
    </configuration>

（8）格式化hdfs

bin/hdfs namenode -format

(9)启动Hadoop

sbin/start-all.sh

使用jps命令，或者web UI界面查看resourcemanager和nodemanager是否已成功启动  
单节点：

[hadoop@hadoop]$ jps
    82334 DataNode
    82757 NodeManager
    82874 Jps
    82248 NameNode
    82507 ResourceManager

分布式：

hadoop@vm01:~$ jps
    2355 Jps
    1685 ResourceManager
    1434 NameNode
    
    
    hadoop@vm02:~$ jps
    1925 Jps
    1338 DataNode
    1418 SecondaryNameNode
    
    
    hadoop@vm03:~$ jps
    1717 Jps
    1303 DataNode

至此Hadoop配置完成。

## Spark环境搭建 ##

搭建spark需要与安装的Hadoop版本相对应，因为spark是scala开发的，所以也要下载对应版本的Scala

![这里写图片描述][Image 1]  
下载Spark包并解压

sudo tar -zxvf spark-2.1.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz -C /opt/
    sudo mv spark-2.1.0-bin-hadoop2.6/ spark-1.6.1 #重命名文件

在/etc/profile添加Spark的环境变量

#SPARK_HOME
    export SPARK_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/spark-2.1.0-bin-hadoop2.6
    export PATH=$PATH:${SPARK_HOM}/bin

配置Spark

cd /opt/spark-1.6.1/conf/
    cp spark-env.sh.template spark-env.sh
    sudo vi spark-env.sh

在Spark-env.sh文件尾部添加以下配置：

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_161
    export SPARK_WORKING_MEMORY=1g
    export SPARK_MASTER_IP=vm01
    export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.4
    export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop

配置slave主机

cp slaves.template slaves
    sudo vim slaves

添加主机

vm02
    vm03

将配置好的Spark分发给所有的slave

scp -r /opt/spark-1.6.1 hadoop@slave1:~/opt/

验证Spark是否安装成功

sbin/start-all.sh

[spark连接MySQL实例][spark_MySQL]  
[Spark MongoDB 连接编程指南][Spark MongoDB]

[Image 1]: 
[spark_MySQL]: https://www.cnblogs.com/jinggangshan/p/8109674.html
[Spark MongoDB]: https://docs.mongodb.com/spark-connector/current/