Unity3D之Mecanim动画系统学习笔记（六）：使用脚本控制动画

- 日理万妓 2022-05-28 11:54 246阅读 0赞

# 控制人物动画播放 #

这里我重新弄了一个简单的场景和新的Animator Controller来作为示例。

下面先看看Animator Controller的配置：

![223374-20150922170921990-2050044012.jpg][]

人物在站立状态只能进入走路，走路只能进入奔跑或返回站立，奔跑只能进入跳跃或返回走路，跳跃则只能返回奔跑。

参数方面为两个参数：

*  Float类型的moveSpeed；
 *  Trigger类型的Jump；

连线直接的转换条件为：moveSpeed大于0.1进入走路，走路moveSpeed大于0.9进入奔跑小于0.1返回站立，奔跑moveSpeed小于0.9返回走路，Jump被触发则进入跳跃；

为人物添加Animator组件并绑定上面的Animator Controller文件，同时绑定下面的脚本：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

![复制代码][copycode.gif 1]

1 using UnityEngine;
     2 using System.Collections;
     3 
     4 public class TestAnim : MonoBehaviour
     5 {
     6     //将名称转换为哈希值可以提高索引的速度
     7     private int moveSpeed = Animator.StringToHash("moveSpeed");
     8     private int jump = Animator.StringToHash("Jump");
     9     private int runState = Animator.StringToHash("Base Layer.Run");
    10 
    11     private Animator _animator;
    12 
    13     void Start()
    14     {
    15         _animator = this.GetComponent<Animator>();
    16     }
    17     
    18     void Update()
    19     {
    20         float speed = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
    21         _animator.SetFloat(moveSpeed, speed);
    22 
    23         //获取动画的当前状态
    24         AnimatorStateInfo info = _animator.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0);
    25         //跳跃除了要按下空格键外, 还需要处于奔跑状态才行, 否则按下空格键时就会标记 Jump, 一进入奔跑就马上跳跃
    26         if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space) && info.fullPathHash == runState)
    27         {
    28             _animator.SetTrigger(jump);
    29         }
    30     }
    31 }

![复制代码][copycode.gif 1]

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

# State Machine Behavior #

在Unity5.0中，我们可以给Animator Controller中的每个State添加脚本了，类似于专门用于GameObject的MonoBehavior，State可以添加State Machine Behavior，我们打开任意的Animator Controller，就可以在Inspector窗口发现添加脚本的按钮：

![223374-20150922174825459-1661257699.jpg][]

除了State外，我们还可以在层上添加，层可以看做包含了整个State的一个大State：

![223374-20150922175040006-459022962.jpg][]

我们可以添加一个脚本看看，下面是我添加了注释的State Machine Behavior脚本的标准形式：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

![复制代码][copycode.gif 1]

1 using UnityEngine;
     2 using System.Collections;
     3 
     4 public class StateScript : StateMachineBehaviour
     5 {
     6     // OnStateEnter is called before OnStateEnter is called on any state inside this state machine
     7     override public void OnStateEnter(Animator animator, AnimatorStateInfo stateInfo, int layerIndex)
     8     {
     9         //进入当前状态时会被调用
    10     }
    11 
    12     // OnStateUpdate is called before OnStateUpdate is called on any state inside this state machine
    13     override public void OnStateUpdate(Animator animator, AnimatorStateInfo stateInfo, int layerIndex)
    14     {
    15         //进入当前状态的每帧会被调用
    16     }
    17 
    18     // OnStateExit is called before OnStateExit is called on any state inside this state machine
    19     override public void OnStateExit(Animator animator, AnimatorStateInfo stateInfo, int layerIndex)
    20     {
    21         //退出当前状态时会被调用
    22     }
    23 
    24     // OnStateMove is called before OnStateMove is called on any state inside this state machine
    25     override public void OnStateMove(Animator animator, AnimatorStateInfo stateInfo, int layerIndex)
    26     {
    27     }
    28 
    29     // OnStateIK is called before OnStateIK is called on any state inside this state machine
    30     override public void OnStateIK(Animator animator, AnimatorStateInfo stateInfo, int layerIndex)
    31     {
    32     }
    33 
    34     // OnStateMachineEnter is called when entering a statemachine via its Entry Node
    35     override public void OnStateMachineEnter(Animator animator, int stateMachinePathHash)
    36     {
    37     }
    38 
    39     // OnStateMachineExit is called when exiting a statemachine via its Exit Node
    40     override public void OnStateMachineExit(Animator animator, int stateMachinePathHash)
    41     {
    42     }
    43 }

![复制代码][copycode.gif 1]

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

通过使用State Machine Behaviour我们可以更加方便的在特定的时间点触发一些我们需要的事件，但是需要注意的是，我们一般给State Machine Behaviour赋值一些场景的对象不是直接在Inspector面板里拖拽而是通过Animator的GetBehavior方法获取到指定的State Machine Behaviour的实例后通过脚本进行赋值的。

[223374-20150922170921990-2050044012.jpg]: /images/20220528/070607d83b194219b219948bf40adc28.png
[copycode.gif]: /images/20220528/8e50638c2b2f49aa87d38b6af60caf11.png
[copycode.gif 1]: /images/20220528/bae319be9d4a42bfa38a28f2f601354d.png
[223374-20150922174825459-1661257699.jpg]: /images/20220528/ca33a803c1a748dc9c9d551f6a7bf123.png
[223374-20150922175040006-459022962.jpg]: /images/20220528/ef5f7b3cc23545c995444f981a400672.png